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编辑

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编辑

当我在上标中使用减号时，它们在打印出 pdflatex 生成的 pdf 时会消失，但只有在使用 documentclass 时才会消失scrartcl，而不是article。例如，

\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}
\(x^{-1}\)
\end{document}

和

\documentclass{scrartcl}

\begin{document}
\(x^{-1}\)
\end{document}

两者都生成如下的 pdf：

上标为 x 减一

然而，当我打印出第一个生成的 pdf 时，我得到了

打印 x 并带有上标 -1

而打印出第二个生成的 pdf 则得到

打印 x 并带有上标 1

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

编辑

你们都说得对，这是由article和中的默认字体大小不同造成的scrartcl。这重现了这个问题：

\documentclass[11pt]{article}

\begin{document}
\(x^{-1}\)
\end{document}

虽然这不：

\documentclass[10pt]{scrartcl}

\begin{document}
\(x^{-1}\)
\end{document}

这是 11pt 案例的日志文件article：

This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.17 (TeX Live 2016/Arch Linux) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2017.3.15)  16 APR 2017 10:29
entering extended mode
 restricted \write18 enabled.
 file:line:error style messages enabled.
 %&-line parsing enabled.
**\input mcve.ltx
(./mcve.ltx (/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size11.clo
File: size11.clo 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)
)
\c@part=\count79
\c@section=\count80
\c@subsection=\count81
\c@subsubsection=\count82
\c@paragraph=\count83
\c@subparagraph=\count84
\c@figure=\count85
\c@table=\count86
\abovecaptionskip=\skip41
\belowcaptionskip=\skip42
\bibindent=\dimen102
) (./mcve.aux)
\openout1 = `mcve.aux'.

LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 3.
LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size
(Font)              <10.95> on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size
(Font)              <8> on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size
(Font)              <6> on input line 4.
 [1

{/var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}] (./mcve.aux) ) 
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
 220 strings out of 493013
 2322 string characters out of 6139317
 53632 words of memory out of 5000000
 3844 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
 6379 words of font info for 23 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
 1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
 21i,4n,19p,117b,107s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s
 </home/will
/.texlive/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/cmr10.657pk> </usr/share/texmf-di
st/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/dpi600/cmr8.pk> </home/will/.texlive/texmf-var/fon
ts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/cmsy8.600pk> </home/will/.texlive/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljf
our/public/cm/cmmi10.657pk>
Output written on mcve.pdf (1 page, 2342 bytes).
PDF statistics:
 28 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
 20 compressed objects within 1 object stream
 0 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000)
 1 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000)

至于我的系统和打印机本身，我运行的是 Arch Linux 并通过 CUPS 进行打印。打印机是 HP OfficeJet Pro 8600。CUPS 将驱动程序列为HP Officejet Pro 8600 hpijs, 3.16.11 (color, 2-sided printing)，这是我通过安装hplip软件包获得的。打印对话框或 CUPS 中似乎没有任何字体渲染选项。

答案1

日志文件的这一部分是最重要的：

 </home/will
/.texlive/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/cmr10.657pk> </usr/share/texmf-di
st/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/dpi600/cmr8.pk> </home/will/.texlive/texmf-var/fon
ts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/cmsy8.600pk> </home/will/.texlive/texmf-var/fonts/pk/ljf
our/public/cm/cmmi10.657pk>

这基本上意味着您在 PDF 输出中使用了位图字体。根据 PDF 查看器的不同，这可能会导致符号在不同放大倍数下出现明显差异。

安装完整的 TeX Live，因此将使用 Type1（轮廓）字体，其具有以各种放大倍数/分辨率显示的提示。

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