答案1
作为起点(不重现你的草图,但在此基础上你可以看到如何绘制你的草图):
\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{angles, arrows.meta, quotes}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
> = Straight Barb,
phasor/.style = {very thick,-{Stealth}},
angles/.style = {draw, <->, angle eccentricity=1,
right, angle radius=7mm}
]
% coordinates
\draw[->] (-0.5,0) -- (4,0) coordinate (x) node[below left] {$\mathit{Re}$};
\draw[->] (0,-1.5) -- (0,2) node[below left] (y) {$\mathit{Im}$};
% phasors
\draw[phasor] (0,0) -- (300:1.5) coordinate (i) node[right] {I};% used polar coordinates
\draw[phasor] (0,0) -- ( 30:2.5) coordinate (v) node[right] {V};% used polar coordinates
% angles drawn by pic
\coordinate (X) at (0,0);
\draw
pic["$\theta=\phi-\SI{90}{\degree}$",angles] {angle=i--X--x}
pic["$\phi$",angles] {angle=x--X--v}
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}