我在格式化包含变量汇总统计信息的大型表格时遇到了问题。我的变量名称很长，我想保留这些名称，但如果没有办法，我可以使用它们的名称的快捷方式。问题是我想按小数点对齐数字，并且还希望表格的列之间具有相同的间距，并且列的名称恰好位于列上方的中心。我设法使用 S 列按小数点对齐，但表格仍然看起来不太好，因为列标题似乎并不正好位于每列数字上方的中间（例如列中位数和标准差），列标题中的文本似乎与数字相比向右移动。此外，最后一列和列“中位数”之间的空间显然比任何其他列之间的空间都大，所以如果可能的话，我想减少它，并且我想增加第一个“变量”列和第二列之间的空间。我认为问题在于我不知道 S 列选项 table-format=.... 中的数字代表什么：在不同的数字对齐问题中，他们建议使用不同的表格格式，但他们从来没有说明为什么 table-format=3.2 或 table-format=1.5，所以我很困惑应该使用哪一个以及为什么......下面是我的代码：
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[cp1250]{inputenc}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[
singlelinecheck=false % <-- important
]{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage[detect-all]{siunitx}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{epstopdf}
\usepackage{rotating}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{authblk}
\usepackage[round]{natbib}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.00},bookmarksnumbered,hypertexnames=false}
\setlength\parindent{34pt}
\onehalfspacing
\begin{document}
\newcommand*{\SuperScriptSameStyle}[1]{%
\ensuremath{%
\mathchoice
{{}^{\displaystyle #1}}%
{{}^{\textstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptscriptstyle #1}}%
}%
}
\newcommand*{\one}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*}}
\newcommand*{\two}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{**}}
\newcommand*{\three}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*{*}*}}
\begin{table}
\begin{footnotesize}
\captionsetup{font=footnotesize}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{
@{}l *{6}{S[table-format=1.5,table-space-text-post=*,table-align-text-post=false,group-digits=false,table-number-alignment=center]}@{}}
\toprule
\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Variable}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{mean}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{st.dev}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{min}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{max}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{median}} & {\textbf{Jarque - Bera}} \\
& & & & & & {\textbf{statistic}} \\
\midrule
Variable 1 that has a long name & -2.198 & 0.948 & -4.273 & 2.356 & -1.085 & 0.989\one \\[1pt]
Variable 2 that has a long name & -4.140 & 4.432 & -16.019 & 6.289 & -2.846 & 1.919\three \\[1pt]
Variable 3 that has a long name & -0.899 & 0.592 & -3.980 & 1.320 & -5.397 & 2.916\two \\[1pt]
Variable 4 that has a long name & 2.654 & 2.924 & -1.482 & 9.295 & 1.992 & 0.878\three \\[1pt]
Variable 5 that has a long name & -3.412 & 1.422 & -5.768 & 8.929 & -0.813 & 0.898\two \\[1pt]
Variable 6 that has a long name & -0.250 & 4.382 & -11.357 & 7.473 & -0.190 & 0.747\three \\[1pt]
Variable 7 that has a long name & -0.308 & 0.809 & -2.726 & 4.120 & -0.243 & 4.937\one \\[1pt]
Variable 8 that has a long name & -3.741 & 11.595 & -24.379 & 28.456 & -3.782 & 0.943\three \\[1pt]
Variable 9 that has a long name & -1.152 & 1.469 & -9.872 & 5.253 & -0.217 & 0.991\two \\[1pt]
Variable 10 that has a long name & -0.409 & 2.580 & -13.600 & 11.498 & -0.565 & 0.896\three \\[1pt]
Variable 11 that has a long name & 0.018 & 2.811 & -4.874 & 5.996 & -5.003 & 1.997 \\[1pt]
Variable 12 that has a long name & 0.772 & 1.496 & -3.728 & 14.362 & 0.213 & 0.539\three \\[1pt]
\bottomrule
$N = 220$ & & & & & & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\vspace{-10pt}
\caption{Sample table}
\label{}
\end{footnotesize}
\end{table}
\end{document}
生成下表：
有人能帮帮我吗？
答案1
这是我能想到的解决方案：
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[cp1250]{inputenc}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage[singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\usepackage[detect-all]{siunitx}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\setlength\parindent{34pt}
\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{showframe}
\newcommand*{\SuperScriptSameStyle}[1]{%
\ensuremath{%
\mathchoice
{{}^{\displaystyle #1}}%
{{}^{\textstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptscriptstyle #1}}%
}%
}
\newcommand*{\one}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*}}
\newcommand*{\two}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{**}}
\newcommand*{\three}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*{*}*}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\begin{footnotesize}
\captionsetup{font=footnotesize}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{
@{}l S[table-format=-1.3]S[table-format=2.3]S[table-format=-2.3]S[table-format=2.3]S[table-format=-1.3]S[table-format=1.6,table-align-text-post=false]@{}}
\toprule
{\textbf{Variable}} & {\textbf{mean}} & {\textbf{st.dev}} & {\textbf{min}} & {\textbf{max}} & {\textbf{median}} & {\makecell{\textbf{Jarque-Bera} \\ \textbf{statistics}}} \\
\midrule
Variable 1 that has a long name & -2.198 & 0.948 & -4.273 & 2.356 & -1.085 & 0.989\one \\[1pt]
Variable 2 that has a long name & -4.140 & 4.432 & -16.019 & 6.289 & -2.846 & 1.919\three \\[1pt]
Variable 3 that has a long name & -0.899 & 0.592 & -3.980 & 1.320 & -5.397 & 2.916\two \\[1pt]
Variable 4 that has a long name & 2.654 & 2.924 & -1.482 & 9.295 & 1.992 & 0.878\three \\[1pt]
Variable 5 that has a long name & -3.412 & 1.422 & -5.768 & 8.929 & -0.813 & 0.898\two \\[1pt]
Variable 6 that has a long name & -0.250 & 4.382 & -11.357 & 7.473 & -0.190 & 0.747\three \\[1pt]
Variable 7 that has a long name & -0.308 & 0.809 & -2.726 & 4.120 & -0.243 & 4.937\one \\[1pt]
Variable 8 that has a long name & -3.741 & 11.595 & -24.379 & 28.456 & -3.782 & 0.943\three \\[1pt]
Variable 9 that has a long name & -1.152 & 1.469 & -9.872 & 5.253 & -0.217 & 0.991\two \\[1pt]
Variable 10 that has a long name & -0.409 & 2.580 & -13.600 & 11.498 & -0.565 & 0.896\three \\[1pt]
Variable 11 that has a long name & 0.018 & 2.811 & -4.874 & 5.996 & -5.003 & 1.997 \\[1pt]
Variable 12 that has a long name & 0.772 & 1.496 & -3.728 & 14.362 & 0.213 & 0.539\three \\[1pt]
\midrule
$N = 220$ & & & & & & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\vspace{-10pt}
\caption{Sample table}
\label{}
\end{footnotesize}
\end{table}
\end{document}
在上面的例子中，我将multirows 替换为。此外，我根据其内容分别\makecell更改了每列table-format单元格的。例如，对于“平均值”列，我选择了，因为您有带有S-1.3减最多有一 小数点分隔符前的数字，最多三分隔符后的数字。
上述 MWE 产生以下输出：（请注意，图像两侧的垂直线表示文本宽度。它们由 产生\usepackage{showframe}）。
这是摆脱脚注大小的文本的另一种方法。
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[cp1250]{inputenc}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage[
singlelinecheck=false % <-- important
]{caption}
\usepackage[detect-all]{siunitx}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\setlength\parindent{34pt}
\onehalfspacing
\usepackage{showframe}
\newcommand*{\SuperScriptSameStyle}[1]{%
\ensuremath{%
\mathchoice
{{}^{\displaystyle #1}}%
{{}^{\textstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptstyle #1}}%
{{}^{\scriptscriptstyle #1}}%
}%
}
\newcommand*{\one}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*}}
\newcommand*{\two}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{**}}
\newcommand*{\three}{\SuperScriptSameStyle{*{*}*}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\captionsetup{font=footnotesize}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{
@{}X S[table-format=-1.3]S[table-format=2.3]S[table-format=-2.3]S[table-format=2.3]S[table-format=-1.3]S[table-format=1.6,table-align-text-post=false]@{}}
\toprule
{\textbf{Variable}} & {\textbf{mean}} & {\textbf{st.dev}} & {\textbf{min}} & {\textbf{max}} & {\textbf{median}} & {\makecell{\textbf{Jarque-Bera} \\ \textbf{statistics}}} \\
\midrule
Variable 1 that has a long name & -2.198 & 0.948 & -4.273 & 2.356 & -1.085 & 0.989\one \\[1pt]
Variable 2 that has a long name & -4.140 & 4.432 & -16.019 & 6.289 & -2.846 & 1.919\three \\[1pt]
Variable 3 that has a long name & -0.899 & 0.592 & -3.980 & 1.320 & -5.397 & 2.916\two \\[1pt]
Variable 4 that has a long name & 2.654 & 2.924 & -1.482 & 9.295 & 1.992 & 0.878\three \\[1pt]
Variable 5 that has a long name & -3.412 & 1.422 & -5.768 & 8.929 & -0.813 & 0.898\two \\[1pt]
Variable 6 that has a long name & -0.250 & 4.382 & -11.357 & 7.473 & -0.190 & 0.747\three \\[1pt]
Variable 7 that has a long name & -0.308 & 0.809 & -2.726 & 4.120 & -0.243 & 4.937\one \\[1pt]
Variable 8 that has a long name & -3.741 & 11.595 & -24.379 & 28.456 & -3.782 & 0.943\three \\[1pt]
Variable 9 that has a long name & -1.152 & 1.469 & -9.872 & 5.253 & -0.217 & 0.991\two \\[1pt]
Variable 10 that has a long name & -0.409 & 2.580 & -13.600 & 11.498 & -0.565 & 0.896\three \\[1pt]
Variable 11 that has a long name & 0.018 & 2.811 & -4.874 & 5.996 & -5.003 & 1.997 \\[1pt]
Variable 12 that has a long name & 0.772 & 1.496 & -3.728 & 14.362 & 0.213 & 0.539\three \\[1pt]
\midrule
$N = 220$ & & & & & & \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{center}
\vspace{-10pt}
\caption{Sample table}
\label{}
\end{table}
\end{document}
这种方法对列的规范S与前面所述相同。为了去掉脚注大小的文本，同时仍使表格适合文本宽度，我使用了包X的可变宽度列tabularx。
下图显示了替代方法的输出：
答案2
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|p{4cm}|p{1.5cm}|p{1cm}|p{1.5cm}|p{1cm}|p{1cm}|p{1cm}|}\hline
Variable & Mean & St.Dev & Min & Max & Median & Jaqua Berra Statistics\\\hline
Variable 1 that has a long name & -2.198 & 0.948 & -4.273 & 2.356 & -1.085 & 0.989${}^{*}$ \\
Variable 2 that has a long name & -4.140 & 4.432 & -16.019 & 6.289 & -2.846 & 1.919${}^{***}$ \\
Variable 3 that has a long name & -0.899 & 0.592 & -3.980 & 1.320 & -5.397 & 2.916${}^{**}$ \\
Variable 4 that has a long name & 2.654 & 2.924 & -1.482 & 9.295 & 1.992 & 0.878${}^{***}$ \\
Variable 5 that has a long name & -3.412 & 1.422 & -5.768 & 8.929 & -0.813 & 0.898${}^{**}$ \\
Variable 6 that has a long name & -0.250 & 4.382 & -11.357 & 7.473 & -0.190 & 0.747${}^{***}$ \\
Variable 7 that has a long name & -0.308 & 0.809 & -2.726 & 4.120 & -0.243 & 4.937${}^{*}$ \\
Variable 8 that has a long name & -3.741 & 11.595 & -24.379 & 28.456 & -3.782 & 0.943${}^{***}$ \\
Variable 9 that has a long name & -1.152 & 1.469 & -9.872 & 5.253 & -0.217 & 0.991${}^{**}$ \\
Variable 10 that has a long name & -0.409 & 2.580 & -13.600 & 11.498 & -0.565 & 0.896${}^{***}$ \\
Variable 11 that has a long name & 0.018 & 2.811 & -4.874 & 5.996 & -5.003 & 1.997 \\
Variable 12 that has a long name & 0.772 & 1.496 & -3.728 & 14.362 & 0.213 & 0.539${}^{***}$ \\\hline
&&&&&&\\
N = 220 & & & & & & \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Sample Table}
\end{table}
\end{document}
我已经这样做了。这很简单，而且你不需要额外的包。