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按符号左对齐定义

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按符号左对齐定义

我需要让输出中的定义左对齐，对齐方式为 1.5 厘米的制表符（因此不在符号下方）。当我使用\hangindent或 时flushleft，它会左对齐，但会丢失制表符。我刚开始使用 LaTeX。我甚至尝试使用\par，但无法弄清楚。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabto}
\begin{document}
\begin{itemize}  
  \item[] $\sigma_i$    \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm} Ionic conductivity [$\frac{mho}{m}$] for water, [15, p. 26].
  \item[] $\phi$    \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm} Phase advance associated with complex earth reflection coefficient used in (155).
  \item[] $\phi_{g,c}$  \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm} Phase shift [rad] of effective reflection coefficient for earth or counterpoise reflection, used in (156).
  \item[] $\phi_{kg,c}$ \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm} Knife-edge diffraction phase shift [rad] for earth or counterpoise reflection, from (138).
  \item[] $\phi_{Tg,c}$ \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm}Total phase shift [rad] of effective reflection coefficient for earth or counterpoise reflection, from (157).
  \item[] $\psi$ \linebreak \tabto{1.5cm} Grazing angle shown in Figures 8 and 9.
  \item[] $|_c$ \linebreak  \tabto{1.5cm} Expression evaluated for specific conditions such as climate or time block in (267).
\end{itemize}
\end{document}

答案1

以下示例将环境的左边距局部设置itemize为1.5cm。符号被放入 的可选参数中\item，但左对齐。

\samepage用于防止符号及其说明的行内出现分页符。允许在符号前出现分页符。这样，符号列表可以长达几页，并且分页符位于符号之间。

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}

\begingroup
  \setlength{\leftmargini}{1.5cm}
  \def\Item[#1]{%
    \par\nopagebreak[2]% 0 to 3
    \item[\hbox to \labelwidth{#1\hss}]\mbox{}\\%
  }
  \begin{itemize}
    \samepage
    \Item[$\sigma_i$]
      Ionic conductivity [$\frac{mho}{m}$] for water, [15, p. 26].
    \Item[$\phi$]
      Phase advance associated with complex earth reflection coefficient
      used in (155).
    \Item[$\phi_{g,c}$]
      Phase shift [rad] of effective reflection coefficient for earth or
      counterpoise reflection, used in (156).
    \Item[$\phi_{kg,c}$]
      Knife-edge diffraction phase shift [rad] for earth or counterpoise
      reflection, from (138).
    \Item[$\phi_{Tg,c}$]
      Total phase shift [rad] of effective reflection coefficient for earth
      or counterpoise reflection, from (157).
    \Item[$\psi$]
      Grazing angle shown in Figures 8 and 9.
    \Item[$|_c$]
      Expression evaluated for specific conditions such as climate or time
      block in (267).
  \end{itemize}
\endgroup

\end{document}

结果

评论：

  • 或者，可以使用环境description。但是，标签中的字体默认为粗体。可以通过添加 来覆盖\mdseries。

  • 可以将内联数学的美元添加到宏中\Item。然而，这会使 TeX 编辑器更难（实际上不可能）识别数学。

顺便说一句，不要使用硬编码的数字来引用图表和引文，而应该使用 LaTeX 命令，例如\label、\ref和\cite。这样，如果文本发生变化，数字就会自动更新。

答案2

tabularx我认为使用环境比使用环境更好itemize。

在此处输入图片描述

观察使用\si（包提供的宏siunitx）来格式化科学单位。

% !TEX TS-program = pdflatex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}  % for 'tabularx' env. and '\extrarowheight' macro
\usepackage{siunitx}   % for '\si' macro
\begin{document}
\noindent
\setlength\extrarowheight{1ex}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}lX@{}} % X column for descriptive material
$\sigma_i$   
   & Ionic conductivity [\si{mho\per\meter}] for water [15, p.~26].\\
$\phi$
   & Phase advance associated with complex earth reflection 
     coefficient used in (155).\\
$\phi_{\si{\gram},c}$
   & Phase shift [\si{\radian}] of effective reflection coefficient 
     for earth or counterpoise reflection, used in (156).\\
$\phi_{\si{\kilo\gram},c}$
   & Knife-edge diffraction phase shift [\si{\radian}] for earth or 
     counterpoise reflection, from (138).\\
$\phi_{\si{\tera\gram},c}$
   & Total phase shift [\si{\radian}] of effective reflection 
     coefficient for earth or counterpoise reflection, from (157).\\
$\psi$       
   & Grazing angle shown in Figures 8 and 9.\\
$|_c$        
   &  Expression evaluated for specific conditions such as climate 
      or time block in (267).\\
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

附录：如果左侧列的宽度必须正好是 1.5 厘米，我建议您在代码中替换l为：p{1.5cm}

\noindent
\begingroup
\setlength\extrarowheight{1ex}
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{p{1.5cm}X} % 1st col. exactly 1.5cm wide
$\sigma_i$   
   & Ionic conductivity [\si{mho\per\meter}] for water [15, p.~26].\\
... % remainder of tabular material
\end{tabularx}
\endgroup

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