答案1
这就像你想要的吗?
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath, bigstrut}
\begin{document}
\[ \setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}%\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt}
\left(\begin{array}{@{}c@{}c@{}c@{\mkern-5mu}c@{\,}cc*{2}{@{\;}c}@{}}%
\noalign{\vskip 1.5ex}
\fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,}
\\[-0.4pt]
& \hskip-0.4pt\fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,}\\[-0.5ex]
& & \;\ddots \\[-2.2ex]
& & & \;\ddots \\[-0.5ex]
& & & & \fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,}\\
& & & & &0 \\[-1.5ex]
& & & & & & \ddots \\[-1ex]
& & & & & & & 0 \bigstrut[b]
\end{array}\right)
\]
\end{document}
编辑:或者甚至是这个变体:
\[ \setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}%\setlength{\arraycolsep}{0pt}
\left(\begin{array}{@{}c@{}l@{}c@{\mkern-5mu}c@{\,}rc*{2}{@{\;}c}@{}}%
\noalign{\vskip 1.5ex}
\fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,}
\\[-0.4pt]
& \hskip-0.4pt\fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,} & & & \text{\LARGE 0} \\[-0.5ex]
& & \;\ddots \\[-2.2ex]
& & & \;\ddots \\[-0.5ex]
&\text{\LARGE 0} & & & \fbox{\,$\begin{matrix}
0 & 1 \\
-1 & 0
\end{matrix}$\,}\\
&& & & &0 \\[-1.5ex]
& & & & & & \ddots \\[-1ex]
& & & & & & & 0 \bigstrut[b]
\end{array}\right)
\]
答案2
您是否只需要这样的东西,或者您还想要围绕积木的盒子?
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 1 & & & & & & &\\
-1 & 0 & & & & & & &\\
& & 0 & 1 & & & & & \\
& & -1 & 0 & & & & & \\
& & & & \ddots & & & \\
& & & & & 0 & 1 & & & \\
& & & & & -1 & 0 & & & \\
& & & & & & & 0 & & \\
& & & & & & & & \ddots & \\
& & & & & & & & & 0\\
\end{bmatrix}
\end{equation}
\end{document}