☰

如何处理大方程式？

tag-icon • tag-icon equations align nesting split gather
如何处理大方程式？

我有一个方程组，方程很大（一行是不够的）。我找到了这个解决方案（第二个，来自 egreg如何对齐一组很长的方程式）来解决“如何对齐长方程式？”问题，但我仍然遇到一些麻烦。

我的方程式“仅仅”是不同元素的总和，其中一些元素是大乘积（同样，一行是不够的）。

示例（如何显示此代码的结果？）

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
    \begin{split}
        A &= AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        &\qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & +\\
        &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
        & \times\\
        &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
    \end{split}
    \begin{split}
        A &= AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        &\qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & +\\
        &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
        & \times\\
        &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
    \end{split}
\end{align}
\end{document}

在这种情况下，惯例是什么？如果可能的话，我想将+and居中x，并可能为 (CCCC x CCCC) 添加括号，以表明它只是总和的一个元素。我想我必须将一个环境嵌套在另一个环境中，但我不知道是哪些环境。

我尝试了一些方法，但没有成功，但它可能会帮助你理解我的意思尝试 1

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
    \begin{split}
        A &= AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        &\qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & \center{+}\\
        \left\(\begin{split}
            &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
            & \center{\times}\\
            &\qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
        \end{split}\right\)
    \end{split}
\end{align}
\end{document}

尝试 2

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\begin{align}
    \begin{split}
        A &= AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        &\qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & \center{+}\\
        \left\(\begin{gather}
            \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
             \center{\times}\\
            \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
        \end{gather}\right\)
    \end{split}
\end{align}
\end{document}

编辑 ：

根据要求：以下是一些图片，以展示我的想法。这可能不是标准，如果是这样，请告诉我什么是“正确”的方法。

我想要的输出

这是一个真实等式的例子。

在此处输入图片描述

第一个没有乘法符号，而且项太长。但如果我添加符号并自动切分方程（对于大且多的方程式使用方程式和案例) 方程不太清楚。

编辑 2 根据要求：这是重现“真实”问题的代码（不是我展示的方程式）

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
    \begin{split}
        \dot{\text{R5P}} =& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
        +& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
        -& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
    \end{split}\\
    \begin{split}
        \dot{\text{R5P}} =& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
        +& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
        -& \nu_\text{maxVG6PDH}\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\cdot\frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \\
    \end{split}
\end{align}

\end{document}

答案1

很难从显示的代码中猜测预期的输出。下面的代码运行没有错误，并产生以下看起来有点奇怪的输出，希望这能给你一个正确的方向。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
        A &= AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        &\qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        &+\\
        &\left(\begin{gathered}
            CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
             \times\\
             CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
    \end{gathered}\right)
\end{align*}
\end{document}

答案2

我建议你使用breqn包，它是专门为排版长方程式而设计的，具有自动换行和改进对齐的功能。

我不清楚所需的输出，但我在下面提供了一个示例（以及背页)，使用dgroup*，带有dmath*子环境。您应该能够修改它以获得所需的效果：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

\usepackage{breqn}

\begin{document}
  \begin{dgroup*}
      \begin{dmath*}
          A = AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots
          \qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots
          +
          \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
          \times
          \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
      \end{dmath*}
      \begin{dmath*}
          A = AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots
          \qquad -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots
          +
          \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
          \times
          \qquad CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
      \end{dmath*}
  \end{dgroup*}
\end{document}

使用 pdflatex 编译上述代码的结果图像。

答案3

您至少可以将整个线宽用于单个术语：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

\begin{align}
    &A1 = \notag \\
    &\begin{aligned}
        & AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        & -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & +CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
        & \times CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
    \end{aligned} \\[1ex]
    &A2 = \notag \\
    &\begin{aligned}
        & AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA \cdots \\
        & -BBBBBBBBBBBB\cdots\\
        & +CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\\
        & \times CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
    \end{aligned} 
\end{align}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案4

这有帮助吗？我提出两种解决方案，第一种使用align和split，第二种使用multline。

align和的示例split：

示例1

例如multline：

示例2

生成两者的代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
You could use \texttt{align} with \texttt{split}.
\begin{align}
  \begin{split}
    \dot{R5P} =& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}
  \end{split} \\
  \begin{split}
    \dot{R5P} =& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
              +& v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}
  \end{split}
\end{align}
\newpage
Or you could use \texttt{multline} environment.
\begin{multline}
  \dot{R5P} = v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}
\end{multline}
\begin{multline}
  \dot{R5P} = v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}\\
            + v_{max} \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}} \cdot \frac{G6P}{K_{mG6P}^{VG6PDH}}
\end{multline}
\end{document}

请注意，如果您想要更多自定义，则需要方程的实际代码。我指的是页面中放不下的简单方程的代码。

相关内容