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右侧表格 LaTeX 表格无法关闭

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右侧表格 LaTeX 表格无法关闭

我对 LaTeX 表格有问题，右侧的表格无法关闭

\documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian]{babel}
\usepackage{amsfonts, amssymb, amsmath, array}
\usepackage{shapepar, pifont, color, enumerate}
\usepackage{multirow}
\voffset-30mm
\hoffset-15mm
\textwidth175mm
\textheight260mm

\begin{document}       
 \begin{tabular}[t]{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
    \hline
        $x$ & $\left(-\infty;{0}\right)$  & $\left(0\right)$ & $\left(0;\frac{{4}}{3}\right)$ & $\frac{{4}}{3}$ & $\Big(\frac{{4}}{3};{\frac{8}{3}}\Big]$ & ${\frac{8}{3}}$  &   $\left(\frac{{8}}{3};+\infty\right)$ \\
    \hline
        $f'(x)$ & $-$ & $0$ & $+$ & $+$ & $0$ & $-$ & $-$  \\
    \hline
        $f''(x)$ & $+$ & 0 & {$-$}& {$-$} & 0 & $+$ & $+$  \\
    \hline
        {$f(x)$} & {$\searrow$} & $f_{max}=$  &\multicolumn{2}{c|} {\multirow{2}{*}{$\nearrow$}} & $f_{min}=$ & \multicolumn{2}{c|} {\multirow{2}{*}{$\searrow$}} \\
        & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\phantom{,}} & ${\frac{121}{81}}$ & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\phantom{,}} &  ${-\frac{5}{3}}$ \\
    \cline{2-8}
        &\multicolumn{3}{c|}{\multirow{2}{*}{{\Large $\smile$}}}  &Точка перегиба& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\multirow{2}{*}{{\Large $\frown$}}} \\
     & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\phantom{,}}      & \\
    \hline
    \end{tabular} \\
\end{document}

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答案1

为什么在使用 8 列时要声明 11 列？我简化了您的代码以使用环境array，将其替换\multirow为\makecell，这允许在标准单元格中换行，并为单元格添加了一些垂直填充。

无关：您指定布局参数的方式不正确（边注的空间溢出了纸张）。您应该使用geometry更直观的包。

\documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian]{babel}
\usepackage{amssymb, amsmath, array}
\usepackage{ makecell, bigstrut}
\voffset-30mm
\hoffset-15mm
\textwidth175mm
\textheight260mm

\begin{document}

\[ \setcellgapes{4pt}\makegapedcells
\begin{array}[t]{|*{8}{c|}}
    \hline
        x & (-\infty;{0} ) & (0 ) & \bigl(0;\frac{4}{3}\bigr) & \frac{4}{3} & \bigl(\frac{4}{3};{\frac{8}{3}}\bigr] & \frac{8}{3} & \bigl(\frac{{8}}{3};+\infty\bigr) \\
    \hline
        f'(x) & - & 0 & + & + & 0 & - & - \\
    \hline
        f''(x) & + & 0 & {-}& {-} & 0 & + & + \\
    \hline
        {f(x)} & {\searrow} &\makecell{f_\text{max}=\\ \frac{121}{81}} &\multicolumn{2}{c|} {\nearrow} & \makecell{f_\text{min}= \\ -\frac{5}{3}} & \multicolumn{2}{c|} {\searrow} \\
    \cline{2-8}
        &\multicolumn{3}{c|}{\text{\Large $ \smile $}} & \bigstrut[t]\text{Точка перегиба}& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\text{\Large $ \frown $}} \\
    \hline
    \end{array} \]

\end{document}

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答案2

使用包makecell和tabularx，由包决定的页面布局geometry：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{article}
\usepackage[margin=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian]{babel}
\usepackage{amssymb,
            nccmath} % for midsize fraction \mfrac{}{}. it also call amsmath
\usepackage{makecell, tabularx}

%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%


\begin{document}

\begingroup
\centering
\setcellgapes{4pt}\makegapedcells
\setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}[t]{|>{\centering\arraybackslash $}l<{$}|
                            *{7}{>{\centering\arraybackslash $}X<{$}|}}
    \hline
        x & (-\infty;{0} ) & (0 ) & \Bigl(0;\mfrac{4}{3}\Bigr) & \mfrac{4}{3} & \Bigl(\mfrac{4}{3};{\mfrac{8}{3}}\Bigr] & \mfrac{8}{3} & \Bigl(\mfrac{{8}}{3};+\infty\Bigr) \\
    \hline
        f'(x) & - & 0 & + & + & 0 & - & - \\
    \hline
        f''(x) & + & 0 & {-}& {-} & 0 & + & + \\
    \hline
        {f(x)} & {\searrow} &\makecell{f_\text{max}=\mfrac{121}{81}} &\multicolumn{2}{c|}{$\nearrow$}
        & \makecell{f_\text{min}=-\mfrac{5}{3}} & \multicolumn{2}{c|} {$\searrow$} \\
    \cline{2-8}
        & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\text{\Large $\smile $}}
        & \makecell{\text{Точка}\\ \text{перегиба}}
        & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\text{\Large $\frown $}} \\
    \hline
    \end{tabularx}
\end{document}

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