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tikz尺寸太大绘制色轮

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf
tikz尺寸太大绘制色轮

几年前我为我的学生画了一个彩色轮子。我很满意。

在此处输入图片描述

但是代码很丑陋，因为我没有使用 \foreach 命令，所以它很大而且很乱......例如：

\path[postaction={decoration={
                text along path,
                text={ jaune-vert},
                text align=center,
                reverse path
                        },
  decorate}]    (45:4.6) arc (45:75:4.6);

对于每种颜色...这不是最有效的方法！

这是我的新代码（更优雅的解决方案），仅适用于颜色名称

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.text}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\edef\ang{0}
\foreach \x/\text  in {0/orange, 30/jaune, 60/jaune-vert, 90/vert, 120/bleu-vert, 150/cyan, 180/bleu roi}
{
\pgfmathparse{\ang + 15}
\xdef\ang{\pgfmathresult}
\path[postaction={decoration={
text along path,
text={ \text},
text align=center,
reverse path},
decorate}](-15+\x:4.6) arc (-15+\x :\ang :4.6);
}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

我有一个尺寸过大的错误。谢谢你的帮助！

此致。

答案1

编辑： 现在从你的回答（你应该先编辑你的问题并添加缺失的信息），我可以完成我的回答：

在此处输入图片描述

    \documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
    \usepackage[french]{babel}
    \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

    \usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
    \usepackage{tikz}
    \usetikzlibrary{arrows, calc, decorations.text}

    \begin{document}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
    \foreach \x/\t [count=\xx from 0] in {%
        orange/orange,      jaune/yellow,    jaune-vert/LimeGreen, vert/green,
        bleu-vert/SeaGreen, cyan/Cyan,       bleu-rois/NavyBlue,   bleu/blue, violet/Violet,      magenta/magenta, rouge-rosé/RubineRed, rouge/red}
    {
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\angle}{30*\xx}
    \path[decoration={text along path,
                      text={\x},
                      text align=center,
                      reverse path},
          postaction={decorate},
          ] 
            \ifnum\xx<7
        (\angle-15:4) arc (\angle-15:\angle+15:4);
            \else
        (\angle+15:4.2) arc (\angle+15:\angle-15:4.2);
            \fi
    \draw[double=\t, semithick,
          double distance=5mm] (\angle-15:3.6) arc (\angle-15:\angle+15:3.6);
    \draw[semithick]    (\angle-15:3.35) -- (\angle-15:3.85);
    \draw[->]           (0,0) -- (\angle:3);
    }
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}

答案2

只是为了好玩，并受到示例和答案的启发，通过带有参数的定义进行安排：

\ColorWeel(<coordinate>)[<radius>][<pseudo-sharpness>]{Color_Name/Graphicx_name, Color_name/Color1!value(0-100)!color2, ...}

结果： 在此处输入图片描述

梅威瑟：

% By J. Leon V. Share as Beerware philosophy
\documentclass[border=20pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{kpfonts}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.text, arrows.meta}


\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
        % Environment Cfg
        >={Stealth[inset=0pt,length=10pt]}
        ]
        
        %Variables: 1:Position 2:Radio 3:pseudo sharpsness 4: Name/Color array
        \def\ColorWeel(#1)[#2][#3]#4{%
            \begin{scope}[shift={(#1)}] 
                %Drawing features separations.
                %\foreach \elements [count=\n]  in {#4}{} %[currently the variable does not leave the loop]
                \edef\Mycount{0}
                \foreach \elements [count=\n]  in {#4}{
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Mycount+1)}
                    \xdef\Mycount{\pgfmathresult}
                }
                \pgfmathparse{int(360/\Mycount)}
                \edef\Angle{\pgfmathresult}
                \foreach \text/\color [count=\i from 0] in {#4}{
                    \draw[fill=\color,thick](\Angle*\i:#2) 
                    arc (\Angle*\i:\Angle*\i+\Angle:#2) 
                    -- (\Angle*\i+\Angle:#2-0.5cm) arc (\Angle*\i+\Angle:\Angle*\i:#2-0.5cm) -- cycle;
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Angle*\i)}
                    \ifnum\pgfmathresult<180
                    \path[decoration={text along path,raise=-4pt,text={||\text},text align=center,reverse path},decorate]
                    (\Angle*\i:#2+0.5cm) arc (\Angle*\i:\Angle*\i+\Angle:#2+0.5cm); 
                    \fi
                    \ifnum\pgfmathresult>179
                    \path[decoration={text along path,text={||\text},text align=center},decorate]
                    (\Angle*\i:#2+0.5cm) arc (\Angle*\i:\Angle*\i+\Angle:#2+0.5cm); 
                    \fi
                }
                \clip (0,0) circle (#2-0.5cm);
                \foreach \text/\color [count=\j from 0] in {#4}{
                    \foreach \k in {1,2,...,20}{    
                        \path[fill=\color, opacity=#3](\Angle*\j+\Angle/2: #2-0.7cm) circle (\k*0.2);
                    }
                    \draw[thick, ->] (0,0) -- (\Angle*\j+\Angle/2: #2-1.2cm);       
                }
            \end{scope}
        }
        
        \ColorWeel(0,0)[5cm][0.05]{
            Orange/orange,
            jaune/yellow,
            jaune-vert/lime,
            vert/green,
            bleu-vert/SeaGreen,
            cyan/Cyan,
            bleu roi/NavyBlue,
            bleu/blue,
            violet/violet,
            magenta/magenta,
            rouge-ros{\'e}/RubineRed,
            rouge/red}
        
        \ColorWeel(11,0)[3.5cm][0.08]{
            Blue/blue,
            Red/red,
            Yellow/yellow}
        
        \ColorWeel(7,-10)[4cm][0.08]{
            black/black,
            white/white,
            green-60-black/green!60!black,
            blue-50-green/blue!50!green,
            blue-50-red/blue!50!red}
        
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案3

使用您答案中的代码，我编写了整个代码。我保留了代码的结构，但有 3 个 foreach 循环，非常适合此处。

在每个 foreach 循环中，不需要增加两个变量，只需简单地计算颜色数量并计算角度即可。

为了使代码易于阅读和理解，我拼写出了变量名称（用法语）：\couleur表示颜色\angle，\n表示数字。

我把颜色的尖锐重音放在rouge-ros{é}括号之间，否则我会在编译时出错，即使使用 tikz babel 库也是如此\usetikzlibrary{babel}

inputenc 包现在包含在 LaTeX 中，不再需要加载它，所以我对其进行了评论。%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

要使用 geometry 包设置相同的边距，只需编写\usepackage[margin=2cm]{geometry}

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
%\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{kpfonts}
\usepackage[margin=2cm]{geometry}

\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.text}
\usetikzlibrary{babel}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
%draw names
\foreach \couleur  [count=\n from 0, evaluate= \n as \angle using \n*30-15] in {orange, jaune,jaune-vert ,vert,bleu-vert,cyan,bleu-roi}
{
\path[decoration={
        text along path,
        text={\couleur},
        text align=center,
        reverse path},
        postaction={decorate}]
         (\angle : 4.1) arc (\angle :\angle + 30 : 4.1);
}

%% draw names
\foreach \couleur [count=\n from 7,evaluate= \n as \angle using \n*30-15]  in {bleu, violet, magenta, rouge-ros{é}, rouge}
{
\path[decoration={
    text along path,
        text={\couleur},
    text align=center},
    postaction={decorate}]    (\angle:4.3) arc (\angle :\angle+30:4.3);
}

\foreach \couleur [count=\n from 0, evaluate= \n as \angle using \n*30-15]  in {orange, yellow,LimeGreen,green, SeaGreen,   Cyan, NavyBlue, blue, Violet, magenta, RubineRed, red}
    {
    \draw[double=\couleur, 
    semithick,
          double distance=5mm] (\angle:3.6) arc (\angle:\angle+30:3.6);
    \draw[->,thick] (0,0) -- (\angle-15:3);
 }
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

颜色

答案4

我可能会从这样的事情开始：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.text}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}

\foreach \x/\text  in
  {0/orange, 1/jaune, 2/jaune-vert, 3/vert, 4/bleu-vert, 5/cyan, 6/bleu}
{
  \path[postaction={decoration={text along path, text={\text},
        text align=center, reverse path}, decorate}]
    (30*\x - 15:6.6) arc (30*\x - 15:30*\x + 15:6.6);
}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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