使用 biblatex/biber (apa 样式) location+publisher+doi 修改参考书目

Question

我之前说过，但是为了其他读者的利益：尝试大量修改诸如biblatex-apa和biblatex-chicago之类的特殊样式通常是一个坏主意。这些样式是专门为符合权威样式指南的非常严格（有时很复杂且略有不一致）的规则而编写的。这意味着代码比标准样式复杂得多，标准样式是根据需要进行修改的。对于未来的项目，我强烈建议你根据标准风格（可能authoryear在本例中）\begin{advertising}或我的风格之一来构建你的定制风格biblatex-ext家庭 \end{advertising}

APA 格式的一个特点是，如果章节中存在 DOI，则删除location和，例如或。可以通过重新定义宏来关闭此功能。publisher@incollection@inbooklocation+publisher

和volume中的字段未显示，因为条目缺少字段。通常+一起使用，例如Castells_2010Foucault_2004maintitlemaintitlevolume

@book{Castells_2010,
  langid       = {english},
  location     = {Oxford},
  maintitle    = {The Information Age},
  mainsubtitle = {Economy, Society, and Culture},
  title        = {The Rise of the Network Society},
  volume       = {I},
  edition      = {2. Aufl.},
  isbn         = {978-1-4443-1951-4},
  volumes      = {III},
  publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  date         = {2010},
  author       = {Castells, Manuel},
  doi          = {10.1002/9781444319514}
}
@book{Foucault_2004,
  langid     = {ngerman},
  location   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  maintitle  = {Geschichte der Gouvernmentalit{\"a}t},
  volume     = {II},
  title      = {Die Geburt der Biopolitik},
  subtitle   = {Vorlesung am Coll{\`e}ge de France 1978\textendash{}1979},
  isbn       = {978-3-518-58393-7},
  shorttitle = {Die Geburt der Biopolitik},
  volumes    = {II},
  pagetotal  = {517},
  series     = {Taschenbuch Wissenschaft},
  publisher  = {Suhrkamp},
  date       = {2004},
  author     = {Foucault, Michel},
  editor     = {Sennelart, Michel},
  translator = {Brede-Konersmann, Claudia and Schr{\"o}der, J{\"u}rgen}
}

（请注意，我还在适当的地方将字段分成了...title和...subtitle）。

由于两个条目都只引用多卷项目中的一本（实体）书，因此@book是合适的条目类型。@mvbook例如，如果我想一次引用整个多卷作品，我只会使用

@mvbook{knuth:ct,
  author       = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  title        = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  date         = {1984/1986},
  volumes      = 5,
  publisher    = {Addison-Wesley},
  location     = {Reading, Mass.},
}

同样volumes（复数）只有在一部作品由多卷组成时才有意义，并且始终是 / @mvbook。@mvcollection但是，您的条目仅指一本书，因此volumes实际上没有必要（除非是第 2 卷（共 3 卷）之类的东西，我认为任何样式都不需要）。

两个代码级别的变化已用今天的日期标记，2018-09-24以便更容易发现。

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,toc=listof]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[left=3cm, right=2cm, bottom=3cm, top=2cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[english,ngerman]{babel} % Sprachpakete
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}         % Direkte Eingabe von Umlauten
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}            % Worttrennung bei Umlauten
\usepackage{microtype}              % Verbesserter Randausgleich
% Anführungszeichen
\usepackage[
 babel,
 german=quotes,
 german=guillemets
 ]{csquotes}

% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
% Bibliographie
% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

\usepackage[
    style           = apa,
    citestyle       = authoryear,
    citetracker     = false,    % immer Kurzform (= ab 3 Autoren et al.)
    uniquelist      = false,    % immer nur 1. Autor + et al.
    sorting         = nyt,
    sortcites       = true,
    autocite        = inline,
    maxbibnames     = 99,
    maxcitenames    = 2,
    backend         = biber,
    bibliography    = totoc,
    isbn            = false,
    doi             = true,
    urldate         = short
    ]{biblatex}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{german}{german-apa}
\DeclareFieldFormat{apacase}{#1}
\DefineBibliographyStrings{ngerman}{%
   andothers = {{et\,al\adddot}},             
}

% increase vertical space between bibliography items.
\setlength\bibitemsep{1.3ex}
\setlength\bibnamesep{1.0ex}

% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
% Zitation
% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

% remove comma in (Beadle and Tautum, 1941) This applies to citation only
\renewcommand*{\nameyeardelim}{\addspace}

% change delimiters
% since the delimiters use several contexts, some format clearing needs to happen
\DeclareDelimFormat*{multinamedelim}{\,/\,}
\DeclareDelimFormat*{finalnamedelim}{}
\DeclareDelimAlias{finalnamedelim}{multinamedelim}
\DeclareDelimFormat*{finalnamedelim:apa:family-given}{}
\DeclareDelimAlias{finalnamedelim:apa:family-given}{multinamedelim}

% Umbrüche in URL und DOI bei Zahlen zulassen
\setcounter{biburlnumpenalty}{100}  % allow breaks at numbers

% Reihen in Bibliographie
\DeclareFieldFormat{number}{\bibstring{number}~#1}

% name sort always last, first
\DeclareNameAlias{editor}{family-given}


% Anpassungen um Schriftenreihe mit Nummer vor Ort und Verlag zu platzieren
\renewbibmacro*{addinfo}{%
  \ifthenelse{\iffieldundef{edition}\AND%
              \iffieldundef{chapter}\AND%
              \iffieldundef{volumes}\AND%
              \iffieldundef{pages}\AND%
              \(\iffieldundef{volume}\OR\boolean{bbx:volseen}\)}
  {}
  {\printtext{\bibopenparen}%
   \printfield{edition}%
   \setunit*{\addcomma\addspace}%
   \printfield{chapter}%
   \setunit*{\addcomma\addspace}%
   \notbool{bbx:volseen}%
     {\iffieldundef{volume}{}{\global\booltrue{bbx:volseen}}%
      \printfield{volume}%
      \iffieldundef{part}{}{\printfield{part}}}{}%
   \setunit*{\addcomma\addspace}%
   \printfield{volumes}%
   \setunit*{\addcomma\addspace}%
   \printfield{pages}%
   \setunit{}%
   \printtext{\bibcloseparen}%
   \newunit}}

\renewbibmacro*{maintitle+title}{%
  \iffieldsequal{maintitle}{title}
    {\clearfield{maintitle}%
     \clearfield{mainsubtitle}%
     \clearfield{maintitleaddon}}
    {\iffieldundef{maintitle}
      {}
      {\usebibmacro{maintitle}%
       \newunit\newblock
           \iffieldundef{volume}
         {}
         {\setunit{\global\booltrue{bbx:volseen}}%
          \printfield{volume}%
          \printfield{part}%
          \setunit{\adddot\space}}}}%
  \usebibmacro{title}%
  \newunit}

\renewbibmacro*{maintitle+booktitle}{%
  \ifthenelse{\iffieldundef{maintitle}\AND\iffieldundef{booktitle}}
    {}
    {\usebibmacro{in}%
     \iffieldundef{maintitle}
      {}
      {\usebibmacro{maintitle}%
   \newunit\newblock
   \iffieldundef{volume}
     {}
     {\setunit{\addspace\global\booltrue{bbx:volseen}}%
      \printfield{volume}%
      \printfield{part}%
      \setunit{\adddot\addspace}}}%
\usebibmacro{booktitle}}}

\renewbibmacro*{series+number}{%
  \printfield{series}%
  \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{number}%
  \newunit}

\usepackage{xpatch}

\xpatchbibdriver{book}
  {\printfield{series}}
  {\usebibmacro{series+number}}
  {}{}
\xpatchbibdriver{inbook}
  {\printfield{series}}
  {\usebibmacro{series+number}}
  {}{}
\xpatchbibdriver{incollection}
  {\printfield{series}}
  {\usebibmacro{series+number}}
  {}{}

\xpatchbibdriver{collection}
  {\printfield{number}}
  {}
  {}{}
\xpatchbibdriver{collection}
  {\printfield{series}}
  {\usebibmacro{series+number}}
  {}{}
% * * *

% 2018-09-24:1
\renewbibmacro*{location+publisher}{%
  \printlist[default][1-1]{location}%
  \setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
  \printlist{publisher}%
  \newunit}

% Eintragsart Bericht (report) Anpassung
\DeclareFieldFormat[report]{number}    {\bibcpstring{number}~\apanum{#1}}
\renewbibmacro*{apa:reportnum}{%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{type}%
  \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%
  \printfield{number}}

\xpatchbibdriver{report}
  {\printlist{institution}}
  {}
  {}{}
\newbibmacro*{location+institution}{%
  \printlist[default][1-1]{location}%
  \setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
  \printlist{institution}%
  \newunit}
\xpatchbibdriver{report}
  {\usebibmacro{location+publisher}}
  {\usebibmacro{location+institution}}
  {}{}

% bei allen Eintragsarten andere Editortypen missachten
\AtEveryBibitem{
  \iffieldequalstr{editortype}{redactor}
    {\global\clearname{editor}\typeout{delete editor (type: redactor) in \thefield{citekey}}}{}%
  \iffieldequalstr{editoratype}{redactor}
    {\global\clearname{editora}\typeout{delete editora (type: redactor) in \thefield{citekey}}}{}%
  \iffieldequalstr{editorbtype}{redactor}
    {\global\clearname{editorb}\typeout{delete editorb (type: redactor) in \thefield{citekey}}}{}%
  \iffieldequalstr{editorctype}{redactor}
    {\global\clearname{editorc}\typeout{delete editorc (type: redactor) in \thefield{citekey}}}{}%
}

% Angabe "S." vor Seitenzahlen bei Journals
\DeclareFieldFormat*{pages}{\mkpageprefix[bookpagination]{#1}}

% 2018-09-24:2
% Subtitel nach Titel mit "––"
\renewcommand*{\subtitlepunct}{\addspace\textemdash\space}
\DeclareFieldFormat{volumes}{#1 \bibstring{volumes}}
\renewbibmacro*{maintitle}{%
  \ifthenelse{\iffieldundef{maintitle}\AND\iffieldundef{mainsubtitle}}
    {}
    {\printtext[maintitle]{%
       \printfield[apacase]{maintitle}%
       \setunit{\subtitlepunct}%
       \printfield[apacase]{mainsubtitle}}%
    \setunit{\addspace}}
  \printfield{maintitleaddon}%
  \addcolon\space}


% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
% Quellen
% ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@book{Backhaus.etal_2016,
  langid    = {ngerman},
  location  = {Berlin},
  title     = {Multivariate Analysemethoden},
  subtitle  = {Eine anwendungsorientierte Einf{\"u}hrung},
  edition   = {14., {\"u}berarb. u. akt. Aufl.},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-46075-7},
  publisher = {Springer Gabler},
  date      = {2016},
  author    = {Backhaus, Klaus and Erichson, Bernd and Plinke, Wulff and Weiber, Rolf},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-46076-4}
}
@report{Revelle_2017b,
  langid      = {english},
  location    = {Evanston, IL},
  title       = {How To: {Use} the psych package for Factor Analysis and data reduction},
  url         = {http://personality-project.org/r/psych/HowTo/factor.pdf},
  institution = {Department of Psychology, Northwestern University},
  urldate     = {2018-07-01},
  date        = {2017},
  author      = {Revelle, William}
}
@incollection{Revelle.Condon_2018,
  langid       = {english},
  location     = {Chichester},
  title        = {Reliability},
  volume       = {II},
  isbn         = {978-1-118-48977-2},
  booktitle    = {The Wiley Handbook of Psychometric Testing},
  booksubtitle = {A Multidisciplinary Reference on Survey, Scale and Test Development},
  publisher    = {J.~Wiley \& Sons},
  date         = {2018},
  pages        = {709-749},
  author       = {Revelle, William and Condon, David M.},
  editor       = {Irwing, Paul and Booth, Tom and Hughes, David J.},
  doi          = {10.1002/9781118489772.ch23}
}
@article{Wright.Herrington_2011,
  langid       = {english},
  title        = {Problematic Standard Errors and Confidence Intervals for Skewness and Kurtosis},
  volume       = {43},
  issn         = {1554-3528},
  doi          = {10.3758/s13428-010-0044-x},
  number       = {1},
  journaltitle = {Behavior Research Methods},
  date         = {2011},
  pages        = {8-17},
  author       = {Wright, Daniel B. and Herrington, Joshua A.}
}
@book{Castells_2010,
  langid       = {english},
  location     = {Oxford},
  maintitle    = {The Information Age},
  mainsubtitle = {Economy, Society, and Culture},
  title        = {The Rise of the Network Society},
  volume       = {I},
  edition      = {2},
  isbn         = {978-1-4443-1951-4},
  publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  date         = {2010},
  author       = {Castells, Manuel},
  doi          = {10.1002/9781444319514}
}
@book{Foucault_2004,
  langid     = {ngerman},
  location   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  maintitle  = {Geschichte der Gouvernmentalit{\"a}t},
  volume     = {II},
  title      = {Die Geburt der Biopolitik},
  subtitle   = {Vorlesung am Coll{\`e}ge de France 1978\textendash{}1979},
  isbn       = {978-3-518-58393-7},
  shorttitle = {Die Geburt der Biopolitik},
  pagetotal  = {517},
  series     = {Taschenbuch Wissenschaft},
  publisher  = {Suhrkamp},
  date       = {2004},
  author     = {Foucault, Michel},
  editor     = {Sennelart, Michel},
  translator = {Brede-Konersmann, Claudia and Schr{\"o}der, J{\"u}rgen}
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
% ******************* T E X T *******************%
\begin{document}
Source 1: \cite[8]{Wright.Herrington_2011}\par
Source 2: \cite{Revelle_2017b}\par
Source 3: \cite{Backhaus.etal_2016}\par
Source 4: \cite{Castells_2010}\par
Source 5: \cite{Revelle.Condon_2018}\par
Source 6: \cite{Foucault_2004}

\printbibliography[title=Literaturverzeichnis]
\end{document}

Answer 1