将 polyglossia 或 babel/bidi 与 LuaLatex 结合使用似乎会导致不同的问题。就我而言，我完全无能为力。我需要使用\texthebrew和\RL命令，但我无法运行它。
另外，我不知道为什么我无法将 babel-main-language 从 更改english为ngerman。
任何形式的帮助都将非常感激！
完整的标头相当复杂：
% arara: lualatex
% arara: makeglossaries
% arara: lualatex
% arara: biber
% arara: biber
% arara: lualatex
% arara: lualatex
% arara: lualatex
% arara: biber
% arara: lualatex
% arara: lualatex
\documentclass[10pt,twoside]{scrbook}
\KOMAoptions
{
fontsize=10pt,
paper=24cm:16cm,
pagesize=pdftex,
DIV=calc,
}
\usepackage{leading}
\leading{12pt}
\usepackage[%%%text={12cm,17.8cm},
paperwidth=17cm,
paperheight=23cm,
top=1.6cm,%%%3.45cm,
bottom=3.45cm,%%%8.04cm,
inner=2.7cm,%%%4.15cm,
outer=2.3cm,%%%4.85cm,
%%% marginparsep=7mm,
%%%marginparwidth=48mm,
]{geometry} %%% Seitenlayout
%%\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}
%%\usepackage[bmargin=2.25cm]{geometry}
%%zwei Bilder nebeneinander
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
%%\setheadsepline{0.4pt}
\setkomafont{pageheadfoot}{\normalfont\normalcolor\small}\setkomafont{pagenumber}{\normalfont}
%Formatierung der Kopfzeilen:
\addtokomafont{pagehead}{\normalfont}
\setkomafont{disposition}{\normalcolor\bfseries} %Schrift in Überschriften, Inhaltsverzeichnis
\clubpenalty=10000
\widowpenalty=10000
\widowpenalty10000
\displaywidowpenalty=10000
\usepackage[parfill]{parskip}
\usepackage[series={A,B,C}]{reledmac}
\usepackage{reledpar}
\makeatletter
%%\renewcommand*{\bodyfootmarkA}{%
%% \hbox{\normalfont\@nameuse{@thefnmarkA}}%
%%}
\renewcommand*{\footfootmarkA}{%
\@nameuse{@thefnmarkA}%
}
%%\renewcommand*{\bodyfootmarkB}{%
%% \hbox{\normalfont\@nameuse{@thefnmarkB}}%
%%}
\renewcommand*{\footfootmarkB}{%
\@nameuse{@thefnmarkB}%
}
\hangindentX{0.8em}
%%\Xhangindent{0.8em}
\makeatother
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{epigraph} %für Zitate
\usepackage{tipa} %%für IPA-Zeichen
%%%\Xendnumberonlyfirstinline
\Xendbeforepagenumber{S.\,}
\Xendafterpagenumber{:\,}
\Xendlineprefixsingle{Z.\,}
\setgoalfraction{0.85}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\lineation{section}
\linenummargin{left}%%right für Zeilennummern rechts
%\setRlineflag{}
\usepackage{pdflscape} %%Querformatiges Bild
\linenumincrement*{5}
\firstlinenum*{0} %Zahl hochsetzen, um Titelei unnummeriert zu haben
\maxchunks{10000}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{multicol,multirow, bigdelim}%%times RAUS
\usepackage{textcomp} %für \dag
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{fontspec}
%%MWE\usepackage{polyglossia, xunicode}
%%MWE \usepackage{libertine}
\usepackage[ngerman,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default]{hebrew}
\babelfont{rm}[Language=Default,Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\babelfont[hebrew]{rm}{EzraSIL}
\usepackage[xindy={language=hebrew,glsnumbers=false},counter=pageline,nosuper,nolong]{glossaries}
\glsSetCompositor{-}% Use - as separator
\pretocmd{\gls}{\doedindexlabel}{}{}% Call \doedindexlabel at the begining of \gls
\makeglossaries
\newglossarystyle{germanhebrew}
{% base it on the tree style:
\setglossarystyle{tree}%
% switch to german
\renewenvironment{theglossary}%
{\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}%
\setlength{\parskip}{0pt plus 0.3pt}%
\begin{german}
}%
{\end{german}}%
\renewcommand{\glossentry}[2]{%
\hangindent0pt\relax
\parindent0pt\relax
\glsentryitem{##1}\glstreenamefmt{\glstarget{##1}{%
\texthebrew{\glossentryname{##1}}}}%
\ifglshassymbol{##1}{\space(\glossentrysymbol{##1})}{}%
\glstreepredesc\glossentrydesc{##1}\glspostdescription\space##2\par
}%
}
%addsubsection definiert
\makeatletter
\newcommand*\addsubsec{\secdef\@addsubsec\@saddsubsec}
\newcommand*{\@addsubsec}{}
\def\@addsubsec[#1]#2{\subsection*{#2}\addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{#1}
\if@twoside\ifx\@mkboth\markboth\markright{#1}\fi\fi
}
\newcommand*{\@saddsubsec}[1]{\subsection*{#1}\@mkboth{}{}}
\makeatother
\input{glossaries.tex}
%%Header Neu
\usepackage[automark]{scrlayer-scrpage}
\DeclareNewLayer[
oddpage,
rightmargin,
height=1in+\voffset+\topmargin+\headheight,
contents={\usekomafont{pageheadfoot}\usekomafont{pagehead}%
\vfill%
\hspace{\marginparsep}\pagemark\hfill%
}
]{pagenumber.odd}
\DeclareNewLayer[
evenpage,
leftmargin,
height=1in+\voffset+\topmargin+\headheight,
contents={\usekomafont{pageheadfoot}\usekomafont{pagehead}%
\vfill%
\hfill\pagemark\hspace{\marginparsep}%
}
]{pagenumber.even}
\AddLayersToPageStyle{scrheadings}{pagenumber.odd, pagenumber.even}
\clearscrheadfoot
\chead{\headmark}
\automark[section]{chapter}
\renewcommand*{\sectionmarkformat}{}
\renewcommand*{\chaptermarkformat}{}
%HAMSA für Schirm
\newcommand{\dotplus}{\includegraphics[width=0.07in]{images/trefoil.png}}
\newcommand\einzugjid{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speaker[1]{\noindent{\textdir TLT #1} \einzugjid}
\newcommand\einzug{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speakerd[1]{\noindent
{\textsc{#1}} \einzug
}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}
\usepackage[german=guillemets]{csquotes}
\newcommand{\rot}[1]{{\color{red} #1}}
\newcommand{\hai}[1]{\textsf{#1}} %für Text in Arial
\newcommand{\qu}[1]{»#1«} % >> <<
\newcommand{\quji}[1]{»#1«} %jiddische (dt.) Anführungszeichen
\newcommand{\quein}[1]{›#1‹} %einfache > <
\newcommand{\quf}[1]{\frqq#1\flqq} %franz. Anführungszeichen
\newcommand{\qufs}[1]{\frq#1\flq} %einfache franz. Anführungszeichen
\newcommand{\sem}[1]{›#1‹} %‘#1' 69er anführungszeichen Bedeutungsangabe
\usepackage[style=authoryear,language=ngerman]{biblatex} \bibliography{LitGrobsdorfEdition}
\renewcommand*{\postnotedelim}{\addcolon\,}
\DeclareFieldFormat{postnote}{#1}
\DeclareFieldFormat{multipostnote}{#1}
\deffootnote[\normalparindent]
{0em}
{\normalparindent}
{\thefootnotemark\ \,}
\newlength{\normalparindent}
\AtBeginDocument{\setlength{\normalparindent}{\parindent}}
\deffootnote{1em}{1em}{\thefootnotemark\ \,} %%neu aus Ricarda-Diss
\wrapcontentX[A]{\texthebrew}
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\footnoteruleA}{\right@footnoterule}
\makeatother
\usepackage{gb4e}
\noautomath
是（不是）我们：
% arara: lualatex
\documentclass[10pt,twoside]{scrbook}
\KOMAoptions
{
fontsize=10pt,
paper=24cm:16cm,
pagesize=pdftex,
DIV=calc,
}
\usepackage[parfill]{parskip}
\usepackage[series={A,B,C}]{reledmac}
\usepackage{reledpar}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage[english,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import,main]{hebrew}
\babelfont{rm}[Language=Default,Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\babelfont[hebrew]{rm}{Linux Libertine O}
\newcommand\einzugjid{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speaker[1]{\noindent{\textdir TLT #1} \einzugjid}
\newcommand\einzug{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speakerd[1]{\noindent
{\textsc{#1}} \einzug
}
\begin{document}
\begin{pages}
\begin{Leftside} \selectlanguage{hebrew}
\beginnumbering
\pstart {\texthebrew{\speaker{יוקב.}
דאַס זינגט דער באָססע מעכער.}}
\pend
\pstart {\texthebrew{\speaker{בויער.}
וואָהס טויט דאַן דער רעבינער?}}
\pend
\endnumbering
\end{Leftside}
\begin{Rightside}
\selectlanguage{english}
\beginnumbering
\pstart \speakerd{First.} Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed? Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed! \pend
\pstart \speakerd{Second.} Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed. \pend
\endnumbering
\end{Rightside}
\end{pages}
\Pages
\end{document}
（顺便说一句：看起来我被迫使用 LuaLatex，使用 Xelatex 一切都没有问题；所以请避免朝这个方向解决）
答案1
babel不提供\texthebrew命令（尽管您可以使用 创建一个命令\babeltags）。相反，您可以使用 选择内联希伯来语\foreignlanguage{hebrew}{…}。但您实际上不需要在您的示例中这样做，因为您正在处理以 开头的整个希伯来语块\selectlanguage{hebrew}。
babel为您处理文本方向，因此您不需要使用 明确设置它\textdir TLT。
要将主要语言更改为，ngerman您可以将其ngerman作为选项包含在内并在选项中babel删除：main\babelprovidehebrew
\usepackage[ngerman,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import]{hebrew}
在您的示例中，您不需要明确定义希伯来语字体，因为您的 Linux Libertine O 主字体已经支持希伯来语。您可以fontspec通过将希伯来语文本的语言设置为默认而不是希伯来语来隐藏警告\babelprovide[import,language=Default]{hebrew}。
您不必明确加载，fontspec因为babel当您使用时它会自动加载\babelfont。
完整 MWE
我也整理了一下代码。
\documentclass[10pt,twoside]{scrbook}
\KOMAoptions
{
fontsize=10pt,
paper=24cm:16cm,
pagesize=pdftex,
DIV=calc,
}
\usepackage[parfill]{parskip}
\usepackage[series={A,B,C}]{reledmac}
\usepackage{reledpar}
\usepackage[ngerman,bidi=basic]{babel}
\babelprovide[import,language=Default]{hebrew}
\babelfont{rm}[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newcommand\einzugjid{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speaker[1]{\noindent #1\einzugjid}
\newcommand\einzug{\hangindent=5mm\hangafter=1}
\newcommand\speakerd[1]{\noindent\textsc{#1}\einzug}
\begin{document}
\begin{pages}
\begin{Leftside}
\selectlanguage{hebrew}
\beginnumbering
\pstart
\speaker{יוקב.}
דאַס זינגט דער באָססע מעכער.
\pend
\pstart
\speaker{בויער.}
וואָהס טויט דאַן דער רעבינער?
\pend
\endnumbering
\end{Leftside}
\begin{Rightside}
\selectlanguage{ngerman}
\beginnumbering
\pstart
\speakerd{First.}
Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed? Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed!
\pend
\pstart
\speakerd{Second.} Lorem Ipsum dolor sit amed.
\pend
\endnumbering
\end{Rightside}
\end{pages}
\Pages
\end{document}