我怎样才能在 LaTeX 中绘制这个模式？

Question

我怎样才能在 LaTeX 中绘制这些模式？

Answer 1

我会用森林来实现这一点。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
for tree={draw,edge={-latex},parent anchor=south,align=left}
[Ontological models and languages\\ 
for mathematical knowledge management\\ 
on the Semantic Web 
 [Terminological Ressources\\ and Symbolic Notation\\ for Mathematical domain
  [Terminological Ressources
   [Vocabularies
    [The Online Encyclopedia\\ of Integer Sequences]
   ]
   [pft112
    [pft1121]
    [pft1122]
   ]  
  ]
  [pft12
   [pft121
    [pft1211]
   ]
   [pft122
    [pft1221]
   ]  
   [pft123
    [pft1231]
   ]  
  ]
 ]
 [pft2
  [pft21
   [pft211]
   [pft212]  
  ]
  [pft22]
 ]
]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

这是一个带有标题并使用的版本Zarko 的建议对于tiers。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
for tree={draw,edge={-latex},parent anchor=south,align=left,
tier/.option=level% <-from Zarko's comment
}
[Ontological models and languages\\ 
for mathematical knowledge management\\ 
on the Semantic Web,alias=root 
 [Terminological Ressources\\ and Symbolic Notation\\ for Mathematical domain
  [Terminological Ressources
   [Vocabularies
    [The Online Encyclopedia\\ of Integer Sequences]
   ]
   [pft112
    [pft1121]
    [pft1122]
   ]  
  ]
  [pft12
   [pft121
    [pft1211]
   ]
   [pft122
    [pft1221]
   ]  
   [pft123
    [pft1231]
   ]  
  ]
 ]
 [pft2
  [pft21
   [pft211]
   [pft212]  
  ]
  [pft22]
 ]
]
\node[above=0.5em of current bounding box,font=\large\bfseries]{My title};
\end{forest}
\end{document}

Answer 2

你可以从这里开始

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]
\node[draw] (1) {Blah blah level 1};
\node[draw,below left=1cm and 2cm of 1.south] (2-1) {Level 2 first thing};
\node[draw,below right=1cm and 2cm of 1.south] (2-2) {Level 2 second thing};
\draw[->] (1) -- (2-1);
\draw[->] (1) -- (2-2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

抱歉，但我们不想从头开始绘制所有内容。您必须根据我们的答案自己动手。