好的，这里是另一篇关于桌子的文章（也许我们应该做一个系列）。
因此，我们已将表格用括号整齐地组合在一起（感谢对先前的问题）。
点击链接获取代码。
新问题是关于在表格和 tex 等上覆盖注释（可能使用 tikz）。如下所示：
仅用一些淡淡的线条帮助读者追踪相邻表格中对应的值。这对于比较和对比相似点和不同点特别有用。
这里有几个简单的例子，展示了在仅有 tikz 的环境中绘制线条是多么容易。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,xcolor}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, rectangle,
minimum height=2.5em, text centered,
text width=1.9em]
\node[block, ] (A) {$A$};
\node[block, below=+1.000cm of A] (B) {$B$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of A] (C) {$C$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of B] (D) {$D$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of C] (E) {$E$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of D] (F) {$F$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of E] (G) {$G$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of F] (H) {$H$};
\draw[-,dotted,thick, color={black!40!white}] (A) -- (B);
\draw[-,dotted,thick, color={black!40!white}] (C) -- (D);
\draw[-,dotted,thick, color={black!40!white}] (E) -- (F);
\draw[-,dotted,thick, color={black!40!white}] (G) -- (H);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, rectangle,
minimum height=2.5em, text centered,
text width=1.9em]
\node[block, ] (A) {$A$};
\node[block, below=+1.000cm of A] (B) {$B$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of A] (C) {$C$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of B] (D) {$D$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of C] (E) {$E$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of D] (F) {$F$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of E] (G) {$G$};
\node[block, right=-0.015cm of F] (H) {$H$};
\draw[-,line width=+0.916cm,color={black!20!white}] (A) -- (B);
\draw[-,line width=+0.916cm,color={black!20!white}] (E) -- (F);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
或者简单来说：
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,xcolor}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw, rectangle,
minimum height=2.5em, text centered,
text width=1.9em]
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[block, ] (A) {$A$};
\node[block, below=1cm of A] (B) {$B$};
\draw[-,dotted,thick, color={black!40!white}] (A) -- (B);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[block, ] (A) {$A$};
\node[block, below=1cm of A] (B) {$B$};
\draw[-,line width=0.916cm,color={black!40!white}] (A) -- (B);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
也许我应该从一开始就在 tikz 中制作表格，但没关系，有时您已经准备好表格，或者出于某种原因您可能只是想/需要以某种方式制作表格。所以无论如何，问题在于将注释覆盖在页面上已有的内容上 - 而不是之前或之后。
答案1
我觉得你被骗了。我的答案基于的代码不可能是 David 的。它既不复杂，也没有任何z's。为了纠正这个问题，我添加了一些稍微复杂一点的东西，带有\Z。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark}
\usepackage{eso-pic}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
$\left\{
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.45\textwidth}%
\begin{center}
\tikzmarknode{tab1}{\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
\end{tabular}}
\end{center}
\caption{Table \#1}
\begin{center}
\tikzmarknode{tab2}{\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
\end{tabular}}%
\end{center}
\caption{Table \#2}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.45\textwidth}%
\begin{center}
\tikzmarknode{tab3}{\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
\end{tabular}}
\end{center}
\caption{Table \#3}
\begin{center}
\tikzmarknode{tab4}{\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
\hline
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
\hline
\end{tabular}}%
\end{center}
\caption{Table \#4}
\end{minipage}
\right\}$
\end{table}
\AddToShipoutPictureBG*{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
\foreach \Z in {1,3} {% <- this \Z is dedicated to David Carlisle
\path (tab\Z.south west) -- (tab\Z.south east) foreach \X in {0,...,8}
{coordinate[pos=\X/8] (p\Z-\X)};
\foreach \X in {0,2,4,6}
{\fill[gray!20] (p\Z-\X) rectangle
(p\Z-\the\numexpr\X+1\relax|-tab\the\numexpr\Z+1\relax.north);}
}
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{document}
这也只是为了好玩。如果你觉得手写1、2和a等很无聊b，你可以问 Ti钾Z 寻求帮助。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,matrix,backgrounds,decorations.pathreplacing}
\newcounter{dummy}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[mymat/.style={matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,
cells={nodes={draw,minimum width=1.8em,text height=1em,text
depth=0.5ex}},
column sep=-\pgflinewidth,row sep=-\pgflinewidth,
row 1/.style={nodes={execute at begin node={%
\setcounter{dummy}{\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn}\alph{dummy}}}},
row 2/.style={nodes={execute at begin node={%
\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn}}},
row 3/.style={nodes={execute at begin node={%
\setcounter{dummy}{\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn}\alph{dummy}}}}}]
\node[mymat] (mat1){
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
};
\node[below=1ex of mat1,text width=10em] (cap1) {\caption{Table \#1.}};
\node[mymat,below=6em of mat1] (mat2){
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
};
\node[below=1em of mat2,text width=10em] (cap2) {\caption{Table \#2.}};
\node[mymat,right=4em of mat1] (mat3){
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
};
\node[below=1ex of mat3,text width=10em] (cap3) {\caption{Table \#3.}};
\node[mymat,below=6em of mat3] (mat4){
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
& & & & & & & \\
};
\node[below=1em of mat4,text width=10em] (cap4) {\caption{Table \#4.}};
\draw[thick,decoration={brace,mirror},decorate] (mat1.north west) --
(mat2.west|-cap2.south);
\draw[thick,decoration={brace},decorate] (mat3.north east) --
(mat4.east|-cap4.south);
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\foreach \X in {1,3,5,7}
{\fill[gray!20] (mat1-3-\X.south west) rectangle (mat2-1-\X.north east);
\fill[gray!20] (mat3-3-\X.south west) rectangle (mat4-1-\X.north east);}
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[hscale=0.65]{geometry} % enlarge margins a little bit for the example
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, fit, matrix, positioning}
\newdimen\mytableswidth
\tikzset{my matrix of nodes/.style={
inner sep=0, row sep=-\pgflinewidth, column sep=-\pgflinewidth,
execute at begin cell=\node\bgroup\strut,
execute at end cell=\egroup;,
nodes={draw, anchor=base,
minimum width=
\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/matrix separator/minimum width},
minimum height=1cm}
},
matrix separator/.style={
every node/.style={
minimum width=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/matrix separator/minimum width},
minimum height=2.5cm
},
every odd column/.style={nodes={draw=white, fill={gray!30}}},
every even column/.style={nodes={draw=white}},
execute at empty cell={\node {};}
}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[matrix separator/minimum width/.initial=0.7cm]
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=A, matrix anchor=south]
{
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
};
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=sep, below, matrix separator]
{ & & & & & & & \\};
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=B, below=0pt of sep]
{
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
};
% This:
\path let \p1=($(A.east)-(A.west)$) in \pgfextra{\global\mytableswidth=\x1};
% or \global\mytableswidth=10cm to manually set the width of the caption boxes
\node[text width=\mytableswidth] (caption1) at ([yshift=-\baselineskip]A.south)
{\caption{Table \#1}};
\node[text width=\mytableswidth] (caption2) at ([yshift=-\baselineskip]B.south)
{\caption{Table \#2}};
\coordinate (lpadding) at ([xshift=-0.7em]sep.west);
\node[inner sep=0, fit=(A) (sep) (B) (lpadding) (caption1) (caption2),
left delimiter=\{] {};
\end{tikzpicture}%
%
\hfill
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[matrix separator/minimum width/.initial=0.7cm]
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=A, matrix anchor=south]
{
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
};
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=sep, below, matrix separator]
{ & & & & & & & \\};
\matrix[my matrix of nodes, name=B, below=0pt of sep]
{
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 8\\
a & b & c & d & e & f & g & h\\
};
\path let \p1=($(A.east)-(A.west)$) in \pgfextra{\global\mytableswidth=\x1};
\node[text width=\mytableswidth] (caption1) at ([yshift=-\baselineskip]A.south)
{\caption{Table \#3}};
\node[text width=\mytableswidth] (caption2) at ([yshift=-\baselineskip]B.south)
{\caption{Table \#4}};
\coordinate (rpadding) at ([xshift=0.7em]sep.east);
\node[inner sep=0, fit=(A) (sep) (B) (rpadding) (caption1) (caption2),
right delimiter=\}] {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{table}
\end{document}
