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从tikz中的虚线箭头中删除起点

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从tikz中的虚线箭头中删除起点

我想从我绘制的从坐标到节点的虚线箭头中删除起始“头部”。用to代替edge它们不会出现，但我无法将它们变成虚线。有什么想法吗？

\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\newcommand{\mym}{\mkern-1.5mu-\mkern-3mu 1}    % small minus for subscripts

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
[   cnode/.style={draw=black,fill=#1,minimum width=3mm,circle},
]
    % draw 3 timesteps
    \foreach \x in {1,...,3}
    {   
        % nodes input hidden and output
        \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\x}$] (x-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},0) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\x}$] (p-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},2) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\x}$] (q-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},4) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\x}$] (r-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},6) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\x}$] (h-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},8) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\x}~$] (g-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},10) {};
        \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\x}$] (s-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},13) {};
        % cords for nowhere arrows
        \coordinate[left of=r-\x] (n-\x);
        \coordinate[right of=h-\x] (m-\x);
        \draw [->](q-\x) edge [dotted, bend left=30] (n-\x); 
        \draw [->](m-\x) edge [dotted, bend right=30] (g-\x); 
        % draw weights
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-\x);    
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-\x);          
        \draw [->](p-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-\x);            
        \draw [->](h-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-\x);
        \draw [->](g-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-\x);   
        \node at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},7.4) {$\vdots$};
    }
    % add last input \tau
    \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\tau}$] (x-4) at (14,0) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (p-4) at (14,2) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (q-4) at (14,4) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\tau}$] (r-4) at (14,6) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}$] (h-4) at (14,8) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}~$] (g-4) at (14,10) {};
    \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\tau}$] (s-4) at (14,13) {};
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-4);        
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-4);        
    \draw [->](p-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-4);
    \draw [->](h-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-4);    
    \draw [->](g-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-4);  
    \node at (12,2) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,4) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,6) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,8) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,10) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (14,7.4) {$\vdots$};   
   % draw recurrent weights
    \foreach[evaluate=\x as \xnext using int(\x+1)] \x in {1,2}
    {
        \draw [->](p-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(1)}$} (p-\xnext);   
        \draw [<-](q-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(1)}$} (q-\xnext);  
        \draw [->](r-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(2)}$} (r-\xnext);   
        \draw [->](h-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(n\mym)}$} (h-\xnext); 
        \draw [<-](g-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(n\mym)}$} (g-\xnext);     
    }
    % dotted arrows for last timestep
    \coordinate[left of=r-4] (n-4);
    \coordinate[right of=h-4] (m-4);
    \draw [->](q-4) edge [dotted, bend left=30] (n-4); 
    \draw [->](m-4) edge [dotted, bend right=30] (g-4); 

\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑： 附加问题：如何将这些箭头的起点稍微向上或向下移动？

使用@SchrödingersCat 的提示，可以通过为每个起点使用两个坐标来实现，如下所示：

\coordinate[left= 0.8 of r-\x] (N-\x);
\coordinate[right= 0.8 of h-\x] (M-\x);
\coordinate[above= 0.3 of N-\x] (n-\x);
\coordinate[below= 0.3 of M-\x] (m-\x);
\draw (q-\x) edge [dotted, bend left=30, ->] (n-\x); 
\draw (m-\x) edge [dotted, bend right=30, ->] (g-\x);

答案1

一条边开始一条单独的路径。因此，如果说

 \draw [->](q-4) edge [dotted, bend left=30] (n-4);

钛钾Z 看到两条路径，一条只是点(q-4)，另一条是边，箭头会应用于这两条路径。有两种方法可以解决这个问题：要么将上面的替换为

 \draw q-4) edge [dotted, bend left=30,->] (n-4);

即将箭头移到边缘，或替换edge为to

 \draw [dotted, ->](q-4) to[bend left=30] (n-4);

如您所见，在这种情况下您还需要转到dotted选项\draw。

我个人不太喜欢edges 或quotes，所以我会选择第二种选择。（为什么我不喜欢？这是因为路径可以用于交叉点，用save path和use path等回收，但用edges这个更复杂。）

\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\newcommand{\mym}{\mkern-1.5mu-\mkern-3mu 1}    % small minus for subscripts

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
[   cnode/.style={draw=black,fill=#1,minimum width=3mm,circle},
]
    % draw 3 timesteps
    \foreach \x in {1,...,3}
    {   
        % nodes input hidden and output
        \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\x}$] (x-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},0) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\x}$] (p-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},2) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\x}$] (q-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},4) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\x}$] (r-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},6) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\x}$] (h-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},8) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\x}~$] (g-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},10) {};
        \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\x}$] (s-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},13) {};
        % cords for nowhere arrows
        \coordinate[left of=r-\x] (n-\x);
        \coordinate[right of=h-\x] (m-\x);
        \draw [dotted,->](q-\x) to[bend left=30] (n-\x); 
        \draw [dotted,->](m-\x) to[bend right=30] (g-\x); 
        % draw weights
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-\x);    
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-\x);          
        \draw [->](p-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-\x);            
        \draw [->](h-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-\x);
        \draw [->](g-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-\x);   
        \node at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},7.4) {$\vdots$};
    }
    % add last input \tau
    \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\tau}$] (x-4) at (14,0) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (p-4) at (14,2) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (q-4) at (14,4) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\tau}$] (r-4) at (14,6) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}$] (h-4) at (14,8) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}~$] (g-4) at (14,10) {};
    \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\tau}$] (s-4) at (14,13) {};
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-4);        
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-4);        
    \draw [->](p-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-4);
    \draw [->](h-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-4);    
    \draw [->](g-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-4);  
    \node at (12,2) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,4) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,6) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,8) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,10) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (14,7.4) {$\vdots$};   
   % draw recurrent weights
    \foreach[evaluate=\x as \xnext using int(\x+1)] \x in {1,2}
    {
        \draw [->](p-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(1)}$} (p-\xnext);   
        \draw [<-](q-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(1)}$} (q-\xnext);  
        \draw [->](r-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(2)}$} (r-\xnext);   
        \draw [->](h-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(n\mym)}$} (h-\xnext); 
        \draw [<-](g-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(n\mym)}$} (g-\xnext);     
    }
    % dotted arrows for last timestep
    \coordinate[left of=r-4] (n-4);
    \coordinate[right of=h-4] (m-4);
    \draw [dotted,->](q-4) to[ bend left=30] (n-4); 
    \draw [dotted,->](m-4) to[ bend right=30] (g-4); 

\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

所有这些都记录在哪里？在pgfmanual。当然， 确实不是pgfmanual很短，所以你可以在这里提问，或者只是浏览一下问题。你的问题已经被问过了，例如这里，但我承认，只有当您已经知道答案时，才容易找到它。如果有人想将此作为重复关闭，我很乐意删除此帖子。

答案2

我引用了 TikZ 3.1.4b 手册第 253-254 页

这边缘操作就像到在绘制主路径后添加的操作，就像在绘制主路径后添加节点一样。这允许每个边缘以具有不同的外观。作为节点操作，边缘暂时停止当前路径的构建，并构建一条新路径 p。这条新路径 p 将在主路径绘制完成后绘制。请注意，p 的选项可能与主路径完全不同。

\draw因此，用最终只会跟踪一次路径的操作替换该操作就足够了\path。它构建了两次，但只跟踪了一次。

% replace draw by path
        \path [->,blue](m-\x) edge [dotted, bend right=30] (g-\x);

截屏

\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\newcommand{\mym}{\mkern-1.5mu-\mkern-3mu 1}    % small minus for subscripts

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
[   cnode/.style={draw=black,fill=#1,minimum width=3mm,circle},
]
    % draw 3 timesteps
    \foreach \x in {1,...,3}
    {   
        % nodes input hidden and output
        \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\x}$] (x-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},0) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\x}$] (p-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},2) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\x}$] (q-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},4) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\x}$] (r-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},6) {};
        \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\x}$] (h-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},8) {};
        \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\x}~$] (g-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},10) {};
        \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\x}$] (s-\x) at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},13) {};
        % cords for nowhere arrows
        \coordinate[left of=r-\x] (n-\x);
        \coordinate[right of=h-\x] (m-\x);
        \draw [->](q-\x) edge [dotted, bend left=30] (n-\x); 

        % replace draw by path
        \path [->,blue](m-\x) edge [dotted, bend right=30] (g-\x); 
        % draw weights
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-\x);    
        \draw [->](x-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-\x);          
        \draw [->](p-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-\x);            
        \draw [->](h-\x) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-\x);
        \draw [->](g-\x) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-\x);   
        \node at ({3.3*\x-div(\x,4)},7.4) {$\vdots$};
    }
    % add last input \tau
    \node[cnode=blue,label=180:$ x_{\tau}$] (x-4) at (14,0) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (p-4) at (14,2) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$ r^{(1)}_{\tau}$] (q-4) at (14,4) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(2)}_{\tau}$] (r-4) at (14,6) {};
    \node[cnode=orange,label=90:$~~r^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}$] (h-4) at (14,8) {};
    \node[cnode=gray,label=90:$ v^{(n\mym)}_{\tau}~$] (g-4) at (14,10) {};
    \node[cnode=red, label=90:$ x^{(n)}_{\tau}$] (s-4) at (14,13) {};
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.6] {$ \omega_v^{(1)}$} (p-4);        
    \draw [->](x-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(1)}$} (q-4);        
    \draw [->](p-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.75] {$ \omega_v^{(2)}$} (r-4);
    \draw [->](h-4) to [bend left=45] node[left,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_r^{(n)}$} (s-4);    
    \draw [->](g-4) to [bend right=45] node[right,pos=0.7] {$ \omega_v^{(n)}$} (s-4);  
    \node at (12,2) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,4) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,6) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,8) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (12,10) {$\cdots$};
    \node at (14,7.4) {$\vdots$};   
   % draw recurrent weights
    \foreach[evaluate=\x as \xnext using int(\x+1)] \x in {1,2}
    {
        \draw [->](p-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(1)}$} (p-\xnext);   
        \draw [<-](q-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(1)}$} (q-\xnext);  
        \draw [->](r-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(2)}$} (r-\xnext);   
        \draw [->](h-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.55] {$ \nu_r^{(n\mym)}$} (h-\xnext); 
        \draw [<-](g-\x) -- node[above,pos=0.4] {$ \nu_v^{(n\mym)}$} (g-\xnext);     
    }
    % dotted arrows for last timestep
    \coordinate[left of=r-4] (n-4);
    \coordinate[right of=h-4] (m-4);
    \draw [->](q-4) edge [dotted, bend left=30] (n-4); 
    % replace draw by path
    \path [->](m-4) edge [dotted, bend right=30] (g-4); 
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

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