更新 本网站成功了。首先，我添加了 pdfx（使用 a-2b 选项）和 hyperref 包并进行了编译。然后我使用网站将 PDF 转换为 PDFA。通过了这个验证器
我正在关注本教程为了转换我的硕士论文；他使用
\usepackage[a-2b]{pdfx}
\usepackage{hyperref}
我的大学建议这种方法，但结果非常模糊；简而言之，他们
-> Download Acrobat Pro
-> Open Thesis.pdf in latex (compiled without hyperref/pdfx packages}
-> Save as postscript
-> Use Adobe Distiller to go postscript to PDF/A
-> Use Acrobat Pro verification and fix to output final file (very blurry)
使用第一种方法，我使用 verapdf 编译后运行 A-1B/A-2B 验证。程序在 10 秒后停止运行。当我缩短我的 pdf 并重新运行时，我收到很多错误。例如，
Rule Status
Specification: ISO 19005-2:2011, Clause: 6.2.8, Test number: 3
If an Image dictionary contains the Interpolate key, its value shall be false. For an inline image, the I key shall have a value of false. Failed
9 occurrences Hide
PDXImage
Interpolate == false
root/document[0]/pages[10](220 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](221 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[34]/xObject[0](217 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](217 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[806]/xObject[0](235 0 obj PDXImage)/SMask[0](257 0 obj PDSMaskImage)
root/document[0]/pages[28](721 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](722 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[13]/xObject[0](707 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](707 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[10]/xObject[0](727 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[11](277 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](278 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[51]/xObject[0](270 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](270 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[14]/xObject[0](285 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](285 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[4]/xObject[0](291 0 obj PDXImage)/SMask[0](294 0 obj PDSMaskImage)
root/document[0]/pages[28](721 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](722 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[13]/xObject[0](707 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](707 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[40]/xObject[0](730 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[11](277 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](278 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[51]/xObject[0](270 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](270 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[14]/xObject[0](285 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](285 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[4]/xObject[0](291 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[10](220 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](221 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[34]/xObject[0](217 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](217 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[806]/xObject[0](235 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[28](721 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](722 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[13]/xObject[0](707 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](707 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[20]/xObject[0](728 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[11](277 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](278 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[51]/xObject[0](270 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](270 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[9]/xObject[0](284 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](284 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[4]/xObject[0](290 0 obj PDXImage)
root/document[0]/pages[28](721 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](722 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[13]/xObject[0](707 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](707 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[30]/xObject[0](729 0 obj PDXImage)
Specification: ISO 19005-2:2011, Clause: 6.2.11.5, Test number: 1
For every font embedded in a conforming file and used for rendering, the glyph width information in the font dictionary and in the embedded font program shall be consistent. Failed
2 occurrences Hide
Glyph
renderingMode == 3 || isWidthConsistent == null || isWidthConsistent == true
root/document[0]/pages[36](837 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](838 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[185]/usedGlyphs[0](VLXJBU+PazoMathBlackboardBold 67 0 0)
root/document[0]/pages[36](837 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](838 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[202]/usedGlyphs[0](VLXJBU+PazoMathBlackboardBold 82 0 0)
Specification: ISO 19005-2:2011, Clause: 6.2.11.3, Test number: 2
ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.4, Table 117 requires that all embedded Type 2 CIDFonts in the CIDFont dictionary shall contain a CIDToGIDMap entry that shall be a stream mapping from CIDs to glyph indices or the name Identity, as described in ISO 32000-1:2008, 9.7.4, Table 117. Failed
2 occurrences Hide
PDCIDFont
Subtype != "CIDFontType2" || CIDToGIDMap != null
root/document[0]/pages[36](837 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](838 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[231]/xObject[0](834 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](834 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[406]/font[0](WQQTJP+LucidaSansUnicode)/DescendantFonts[0](WQQTJP+LucidaSansUnicode)
root/document[0]/pages[36](837 0 obj PDPage)/contentStream[0](838 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[231]/xObject[0](834 0 obj PDXForm)/contentStream[0](834 0 obj PDContentStream)/operators[418]/font[0](XPXPKK+Verdana)/DescendantFonts[0](XPXPKK+Verdana)
这是我的 Thesis.tex 文件。
\documentclass[titlepage, openany, 11pt]{report} % for longer reports containing several chapters. Draft copy, with detached titlepage, chapter start on any page
\usepackage{float} % to ensure tables and figures cannot be split across pages
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usepackage{mathpazo}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage[toc, page]{appendix}
\graphicspath{{fig/}}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\fontfamily{georgia}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage[toc,page]{appendix}
\newcommand{\norm}[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert}
\newcommand{\hl}[1]{\textcolor{red}{#1}}
\emergencystretch 3em
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{framed}
\usepackage[a-2b]{pdfx}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\include{abbr}
\DeclarePairedDelimiter\abs{\lvert}{\rvert}%
\definecolor{dkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\definecolor{gray}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
\definecolor{mauve}{rgb}{0.58,0,0.82}
\lstset{frame=tb,
language=Python,
aboveskip=3mm,
belowskip=6mm,
showstringspaces=false,
columns=flexible,
basicstyle={\small\ttfamily},
numbers=none,
numberstyle=\tiny\color{gray},
keywordstyle=\color{blue},
commentstyle=\color{dkgreen},
stringstyle=\color{mauve},
breaklines=true,
breakatwhitespace=true,
tabsize=4
}
%\pagestyle{plain} % page numbers at the bottom in the middle of the footer section
\includeonly{titlepage, abstract, preface, acknowledgements, blankpage, 1introduction, 2relatedwork, 3background, 4experimentalresultsandanalysis, 5simulationapproximationmethodology, 6conclusion, appendices, abbr}
%TEX WILL MAKE 'OVERFULL' LINES IF IT'S ALGORITHM CANNOT NICELY FORMAT A LINE. RESULTS IN BLACK BOX AT END OF LINE
\begin{document}
\onehalfspacing
\pagenumbering{roman}
\include{titlepage}
\doublespacing
\include{abstract}
\onehalfspacing
% \include{preface}
\include{acknowledgements}
\tableofcontents
\listoffigures
\listoftables
\printglossary[type=\acronymtype,title=Abbreviations, nonumberlist]
\printglossary[title=Symbols, nonumberlist]
\glsresetall % reset glossary so abbreviations (ABBR) are re-defined in chapters
\include{1introduction}
\include{2relatedwork}
\include{3background}
\include{4experimentalresultsandanalysis}
\include{5simulationapproximationmethodology}
\include{6conclusion}
\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran} % sorting bibliography alphebetically
\bibliography{masters, IEEEabrv}
% \include{appendices}
\end{document}
- 我尝试使用 lualatex看看 pdflatex 是否抑制了错误... 没有
- 我尝试在谷歌上搜索错误，但没有一条建议可以在两天内实施
If an Image dictionary contains the Interpolate key, its value shall be false. For an inline image, the I key shall have a value of false.
For every font embedded in a conforming file and used for rendering, the glyph width information in the font dictionary and in the embedded font program shall be consistent.
有人在我的 Thesis.tex 文件中发现明显问题吗？或者任何建议都非常感谢。此外，如果有我可以付费的服务/人员来处理这个问题，我会很感兴趣。
答案1
使用在线转换器并不能真正解决问题。您在问题中链接的 Peter Selingers 网站很好地解释了原因。
出于同样的原因，贵大学提出的工作流程已经不再是最新的。
自 2020 年起，您可以直接使用 pdfLaTeX 或 LuaLaTeX（N 为 1、2 或 3）创建 PDF/A-Nb 文档。请参阅此PDF/A 最小工作示例。
正如 Ulrike 所说，您所包含的文档最好是 PDF/A。
答案2
遇到过类似的问题，我遇到的解决方案是将嵌入光栅图像（即ggplot2热图）的特定 PDF 图形转换为 JPG 或 PNG 格式。对于那些在谷歌搜索时偶然发现此帖子的人，我建议逐一删除每个图像，生成不包含每个图像的 PDF 文件，然后对每个图像运行 PDF/A 验证，以查明哪个图形导致了问题。