使用自定义计数器和环境时使用 \ref 获取正确的参考编号

Question

我正在尝试创建一个具有自己的计数器的可引用环境，稍后我会在文本中引用它。我希望我的环境的计数器具有 Chapter.Number 样式。我已经能够使用此代码使其在新环境和新计数器中工作（问题末尾的 MWE）：

\newcounter{code}[chapter]

\definecolor{bg}{rgb}{0.975,0.95,1.0}

\newenvironment{code}[3][hbp]
{\VerbatimEnvironment \refstepcounter{code}
  \begin{listing}[#1]
  \label{#3}
  \textbf{Code~\arabic{chapter}.\arabic{code}} #2
  \centering
  \begin{minted}[bgcolor =bg, frame=lines,framesep=2mm,linenos]{julia}}
{\end{minted}\end{listing}}

（请注意， 的使用可能不正确\label）

在我的文档中我使用如下环境：

It is possible to compute this histogram with a naive approach. 
This is shown in Code~\ref{code1}.
A much smarter approach is instead presented in Code~\ref{code2}.

\begin{code}{Naive calculation}{code1}
function naivehist(data, ε)
   Δ += sin(ε) # lalala
   m = rand(1000,1000)
end
\end{code}

一切似乎都运行良好，除了引用代码块时：

我怀疑我\label在自定义环境中对 的使用可能不正确。如何才能做到这一点，以便在使用时\ref{...}我能正确获得数字2.1而不是1？

平均能量损失

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{minted} % for making code snippets
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\chapter{Title of chapter.}

\newcounter{code}[chapter]

\definecolor{bg}{rgb}{0.975,0.95,1.0}

\newenvironment{code}[3][hbp]
{\VerbatimEnvironment \refstepcounter{code}
  \begin{listing}[#1]
  \label{#3}
  \textbf{Code~\arabic{chapter}.\arabic{code}} #2
  \centering
  \begin{minted}[bgcolor =bg, frame=lines,framesep=2mm,linenos]{julia}}
{\end{minted}\end{listing}}

the histogram equation:
\begin{equation}
    \label{eq1}
     p = \sum p_i + \int_0^1 \omega d\epsilon 
\end{equation}
It is possible to compute this histogram with a naive approach. This is shown in Code~\ref{code1}.

\begin{code}{Naive, memory-inefficient calculation of eq.~\eqref{eq1}.}{code1}
function naivehist(data, a)
   x += sin(a) # lalala
   m = rand(1000,1000)
end
\end{code}

\end{document}

Answer 1

重新定义 \thecode 以提供正确的输出：

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{minted} % for making code snippets
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
\chapter{Title of chapter.}

\newcounter{code}[chapter]
\renewcommand\thecode{\thechapter.\arabic{code}}
\definecolor{bg}{rgb}{0.975,0.95,1.0}

\newenvironment{code}[3][hbp]
{\VerbatimEnvironment \refstepcounter{code}\label{#3}%
  \begin{listing}[#1]
  \textbf{Code~\thecode} #2
  \centering
  \begin{minted}[bgcolor =bg, frame=lines,framesep=2mm,linenos]{julia}}
{\end{minted}\end{listing}}

the histogram equation:
\begin{equation}
    \label{eq1}
     p = \sum p_i + \int_0^1 \omega d\epsilon
\end{equation}
It is possible to compute this histogram with a naive approach. This is shown in Code~\ref{code1}.

\begin{code}{Naive, memory-inefficient calculation of eq.~\eqref{eq1}.}{code1}
function naivehist(data, a)
   x += sin(a) # lalala
   m = rand(1000,1000)
end
\end{code}

\end{document}