在一张长表格中，他们告诉我一个粒子实验，第一列是无线电数据，第二列是能量数据。在我的文档中，我需要随机调用表格中的一些条目，将一些数据放在文本和图表中……有人能帮我吗
这是我需要的一个例子
\documentclass[preview,varwidth ,multi,border=1pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[dvipsnames,svgnames,x11names,]{xcolor}
\usepackage{amsmath,mathtools,calculator}
\usepackage{pgf,tikz,tikz-3dplot,pgfplotstable}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage[american]{circuitikz}
\begin{filecontents}{data.txt}
0.474755603 -2.617688065
0.480207314 -2.617688065
0.498670832 -2.613546026
0.505624541 -2.613546026
0.531427103 -2.608245746
0.536149545 -2.608245746
0.556303011 -2.60379021
0.567304966 -2.60379021
0.594408618 -2.540699892
0.598532384 -2.540699892
0.631298237 -2.537487595
0.645293424 -2.537224219
0.658945477 -2.537224219
0.67676829 -2.534871304
0.701739581 -2.534863082
0.714640691 -2.533026806
0.738534607 -2.532913819
...
\end{filecontents}
\begin{document}
\preview
The radii of the first element is ¿data(1,1)? and the 165th is ¿data(165,1)?, and the plot shows....
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[xlabel={},ylabel={}, axis x line=bottom,
axis y line=center,
xmin=-75,
xmax=60,
ymin=-3.5,
ymax=2,
,axis line style={draw=none},
ticks=none
]
\addplot[Silver,mark=none] table[x index=0,y index=1,col sep=tab, restrict x to domain=-60:60 ] {Periodic_Well1.txt}; %this works fine
\addplot[DeepPink,mark=none, smooth, line width=0.8pt] table[x index=0,y index=2,col sep=tab, restrict x to domain=-60:60 ] {Periodic_Well1.txt}; %this works fine
\fill[Orange, opacity=0.5] (axis cs:-65,{-pi})-- (axis cs: -65,2)--(axis cs: -70,2)--(axis cs: -70,{-pi})--cycle; %energy scale
----->? \draw (axis cs:-65,data(2,1)) --(axis cs:-70,data(2,1)) node[right]{$data(2,1)$};
----->? \draw (axis cs:-65,data(2,74)) --(axis cs:-70,data(2,74)) node[right]{$data(2,74)$};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\endpreview
\end{document}
data(n,m) 表示它是第 n 行第 m 列的条目 谢谢...
答案1
element这是一个获取表元素的函数。语法是element(<row>,<column>)，其中和都row从column0 开始。
\documentclass[preview,varwidth ,multi,border=1pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[dvipsnames,svgnames,x11names,]{xcolor}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{filecontents}{data.txt}
0.474755603 -2.617688065
0.480207314 -2.617688065
0.498670832 -2.613546026
0.505624541 -2.613546026
0.531427103 -2.608245746
0.536149545 -2.608245746
0.556303011 -2.60379021
0.567304966 -2.60379021
0.594408618 -2.540699892
0.598532384 -2.540699892
0.631298237 -2.537487595
0.645293424 -2.537224219
0.658945477 -2.537224219
0.67676829 -2.534871304
0.701739581 -2.534863082
0.714640691 -2.533026806
0.738534607 -2.532913819
\end{filecontents}
\pgfmathdeclarefunction{element}{2}{\begingroup
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}%
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\myindex}{max(0,#1)}%
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\mycol}{#2}%
\pgfplotstablegetelem{\myindex}{[index]\mycol}\of\mydata%#1=row, #2=column
\edef\pgfmathresult{\pgfplotsretval}%
\pgfmathsmuggle\pgfmathresult
\endgroup}
\pgfplotstableread{data.txt}\mydata
\begin{document}
\preview
The radii of the first element is $\pgfmathparse{element(1,1)}
\mathtt{data(1,1)}=\pgfmathresult\simeq\pgfmathprintnumber\pgfmathresult$
and the 165th is \texttt{data(165,1)}, and the plot shows\dots
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[xlabel={},ylabel={}, axis x line=bottom,
axis y line=center,
% xmin=-75,
% xmax=60,
% ymin=-3.5,
% ymax=2,
,axis line style={draw=none},
ticks=none
]
\addplot[Silver,mark=none]
table[header=false,x index=0,y index=1,restrict x to domain=-60:60]
{data.txt}; %this works fine
% \addplot[DeepPink,mark=none, smooth, line width=0.8pt]
% table[x index=0,y index=1,col sep=tab, restrict x to domain=-60:60 ]
% {data.txt}; %this works fine
%\fill[Orange, opacity=0.5] (axis cs:-65,{-pi})-- (axis cs: -65,2)--(axis cs: -70,2)--(axis cs: -70,{-pi})--cycle; %energy scale
% ----->?
\draw (-1,{element(2,1)}) --(1,{element(2,1)}) coordinate (21);
\draw (-1,{element(5,1)}) --(1,{element(5,1)}) coordinate (51);
\end{axis}
\path (21-|current axis.east) node[right]{$\mathtt{data}(2,1)$}
(51-|current axis.east) node[right]{$\mathtt{data}(5,1)$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\endpreview
\end{document}
我不得不将其注释掉xmax等等，否则情节几乎看不见。