我有一段代码，显示写入外部文件中的数据。但是，读取图表并不简单。因此，我希望得到一个 y 刻度上的距离不相同的图表（例如，0.6-0.7 为 1cm，0.7-0.8 为 0.2cm）。我怎样才能获得这个结果？提前致谢。
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
xlabel={Iterations},
ylabel={$y$},
ymin = 0.55,
ymax = 0.85,
]
\addplot[color=red,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{1}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=blue,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{2}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=orange,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{3}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=black,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{4}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=yellow,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{5}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=green,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{6}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\addplot[color=cyan,mark=none]
table [x expr=\thisrowno{0}, y expr=\thisrowno{7}, col sep=space] {dataTeX.txt};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
因此，我在手册中找不到适合您的方法的命令，因此我尝试从评论中“采用我的方法”。
\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{test1.dat}
x y
1.7875787578757922 0.5934645808080006
2.8136813681368196 0.6023671693011997
4.231568611406601 0.6058869656117807
5.276327632763277 0.6196892161126224
5.481548154815485 0.6406480985177169
5.686768676867693 0.6530676550801147
5.8919891989198945 0.6657459790922912
7.12331233123313 0.6803704159997205
9.175517551755178 0.681567800974854
10.201620162016205 0.6871967758573609
10.406840684068413 0.6939234485246277
10.612061206120615 0.7009088886416731
10.817281728172823 0.7078943287587185
11.330333033303333 0.7168832950710801
12.151215121512159 0.7228298223080735
13.690369036903697 0.7301539193755943
15.537353735373543 0.7309691017255818
16.46084608460847 0.7398168805644609
16.87128712871288 0.7487417955278673
17.48694869486949 0.7557893654533993
19.026102610261034 0.7600435395940002
21.28352835283529 0.7606175561376362
23.540954095409546 0.760603464840866
25.798379837983802 0.760589373544096
28.055805580558058 0.7605752822473258
30.313231323132328 0.7605611909505556
32.570657065706584 0.7605470996537855
34.82808280828084 0.7628383910914074
36.26462646264628 0.7668207157794431
36.982898289828995 0.7742989242744499
38.009000900090015 0.7796619437224621
39.75337533753377 0.7856262306516657
42.010801080108024 0.785847382491058
44.26822682268228 0.7858332911942879
46.525652565256536 0.7858191998975178
48.78307830783079 0.7872636160449549
51.04050405040505 0.7899548208140528
52.579657965796585 0.7936738168198842
53.2979297929793 0.7990603217625133
53.81098109810982 0.8042755960989357
57.81278127812783 0.8069676742955194
60.070207020702085 0.8069535829987493
62.32763276327634 0.8069394917019791
64.5850585058506 0.806925400405209
66.84248424842485 0.8069113091084389
69.09990999099911 0.8068972178116688
71.35733573357338 0.8068831265148987
73.61476147614763 0.8068690352181285
75.87218721872189 0.8068549439213584
78.12961296129615 0.8068408526245883
80.3870387038704 0.8068267613278182
82.64446444644466 0.806812670031048
84.90189018901893 0.8067985787342778
87.15931593159317 0.8067844874375077
89.41674167416744 0.8067703961407376
91.67416741674168 0.8067563048439674
93.93159315931595 0.8067422135471973
96.18901890189022 0.8067281222504272
98.44644464446446 0.8067140309536571
100.70387038703873 0.806699939656887
102.96129612961298 0.8066858483601168
105.21872187218725 0.8066717570633467
107.47614761476149 0.8066576657665766
109.73357335733576 0.8066435744698065
111.99099909991 0.8066294831730363
114.24842484248427 0.8066153918762662
116.50585058505854 0.8066013005794961
118.76327632763278 0.806587209282726
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{test2.dat}
x y
2.095409541 0.726062494
3.531953195 0.738862515
4.352835284 0.749898136
5.071107111 0.752179431
5.276327633 0.757871034
5.481548155 0.764080172
5.686768677 0.77028931
7.03210321 0.781005385
8.765076508 0.782432165
9.585958596 0.790190064
10.86288629 0.797772605
13.27992799 0.797930029
15.61431143 0.798788797
17.79477948 0.805923637
20.05220522 0.806168313
22.30963096 0.806154222
24.56705671 0.806140131
26.82448245 0.80612604
29.08190819 0.806111948
31.33933393 0.806097857
33.59675968 0.806083766
35.85418542 0.806069674
38.11161116 0.806055583
40.3690369 0.806041492
42.62646265 0.8060274
44.88388839 0.806013309
47.14131413 0.805999218
49.39873987 0.805985127
51.65616562 0.805971035
53.91359136 0.805956944
56.1710171 0.805942853
58.42844284 0.805928761
60.68586859 0.80591467
62.94329433 0.805900579
65.20072007 0.805886488
67.45814581 0.805872396
69.71557156 0.805858305
71.9729973 0.805844214
74.23042304 0.805830122
76.48784878 0.805816031
78.74527453 0.80580194
81.00270027 0.805787848
83.26012601 0.805773757
85.51755176 0.805759666
87.7749775 0.805745575
90.03240324 0.805731483
92.28982898 0.805717392
94.54725473 0.805703301
96.80468047 0.805689209
99.06210621 0.805675118
101.319532 0.805661027
103.5769577 0.805646935
105.8343834 0.805632844
108.0918092 0.805618753
110.3492349 0.805604662
112.6066607 0.80559057
114.8640864 0.805576479
117.1215122 0.805562388
119.0711071 0.805550218
\end{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents}[overwrite]{test3.dat}
x y
1.6849684968496845 0.7640715251300411
2.91629162916292 0.7730236619167534
4.681188118811882 0.775988470757188
5.3546354635463445 0.7799611140889371
5.626012601260122 0.7853106855629384
6.558955895589563 0.7913611390031459
7.283168316831755 0.7941377036580062
7.671467146714782 0.797079781011809
8.32043204320432 0.8004138553680586
9.175517551755178 0.8005433239953208
11.43294329432944 0.8005292326985507
13.804380438043808 0.8009169568642257
14.716471647164724 0.802084688404635
16.39333933393339 0.8029343973212438
18.205220522052215 0.8028975818930207
20.46264626462647 0.8028834905962506
22.720072007200727 0.8024948674642745
24.977497749774983 0.8024807761675044
27.23492349234924 0.8024666848707342
29.492349234923495 0.8024525935739641
31.749774977497765 0.8024385022771939
34.00720072007202 0.8024244109804238
36.26462646264628 0.8024103196836537
38.52205220522053 0.802623630085174
40.77947794779479 0.8038369301690128
43.036903690369044 0.8067211581219409
45.2943294329433 0.8070458169412447
47.551755175517556 0.8070317256444746
49.809180918091826 0.8070176343477043
52.06660666066608 0.8070035430509342
54.32403240324034 0.8069894517541641
56.581458145814594 0.8074928953569513
58.83888388838885 0.8079963389597387
61.096309630963106 0.8080410584470091
63.446084608460865 0.8138397851021056
65.61116111611163 0.8139057164143381
67.86858685868589 0.8138916251175679
70.12601260126014 0.8138775338207977
72.3834383438344 0.8138634425240276
74.64086408640865 0.8138493512272575
76.89828982898291 0.8138352599304874
79.15571557155717 0.8138211686337172
81.41314131413144 0.8138070773369471
83.67056705670569 0.813792986040177
85.92799279927993 0.8137788947434069
88.1854185418542 0.8137648034466367
90.44284428442847 0.8137507121498666
92.70027002700272 0.8135876335335269
94.8721872187219 0.8141891473791574
97.21512151215123 0.8139651834437784
99.4725472547255 0.8140670216153382
101.72997299729974 0.813680255666016
103.98739873987401 0.8136661643692459
106.24482448244828 0.8136520730724758
108.50225022502252 0.8136379817757056
110.75967596759679 0.8136238904789355
113.01710171017103 0.8136097991821654
115.2745274527453 0.8135957078853953
117.53195319531955 0.813581616588625
119.37893789378941 0.8135700873458132
\end{filecontents}
\def\ycut{0.75}
\def\height{8cm}
\def\fac{0.25}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[% only for the axis labels
width=8cm,
height=\height,
scale only axis=true,
axis line style={draw=none},
tick style={draw=none},
xticklabel style={text opacity=0},
yticklabel style={text opacity=0},
xlabel={Iterations},
ylabel={$y$},
]
addplot[
draw=none,
]
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
name=a,
width=8cm,
height=\fac*\height,
scale only axis=true,
xmin=0,
xmax=120,
ymin=0.55,
ymax=\ycut,
enlarge x limits=0.1,
minor y tick num=4,
enlarge y limits={value=0.1, lower},
ytick distance=0.1,
axis x line*=left
]
\addplot[
red
] table {test1.dat};
\addplot[
blue,
] table {test2.dat};
\addplot[
orange,
] table {test3.dat};
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
at={($(a.north)$)},
anchor=south,
width=8cm,
height=(1-\fac)*\height,
scale only axis=true,
xmin=0,
xmax=120,
ymin=\ycut,
ymax=0.85,
enlarge x limits=0.1,
enlarge y limits={value=0.1, upper},
ytick distance=0.1,
minor y tick num=4,
axis x line*=right,
xticklabels={,,},
]
\addplot[
red
] table {test1.dat};
\addplot[
blue,
] table {test2.dat};
\addplot[
orange,
] table {test3.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
您可以尝试使用这两个图表的height因子\fac以及\ycut我定义的值（如果它适合您的需要）。