☰

Tikz 箭头覆盖文本

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf nodes tikz-matrix
Tikz 箭头覆盖文本

下面链接的图片显示了我想要做的事情和我得到的结果。我对 Tikz 完全陌生。我做错了什么？

       \text{det}\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
                a_{11}\tikzmark{a11} & a_{12}\tikzmark{a12} & a_{13}\tikzmark{a13} \\
                a_{21} & a_{22}\tikzmark{a22} & a_{23}\tikzmark{a23} \\
                a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}\tikzmark{a33} \\
       \end{array}\right]
       \begin{array}{cc}
                a_{11} & a_{12} \\
                a_{21}\tikzmark{a21} & a_{22} \\
                a_{31}\tikzmark{a31} & a_{32}\tikzmark{a31} \\
       \end{array} =(a_{11}a_{22}a_{33}+a_{12}a_{23}a_{31}+a_{13}a_{21}a_{32}) - (a_{13}a_{22}a_{31}+a_{11}a_{23}a_{32}+a_{12}a_{21}a_{33}).
       \end{equation}

       \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay, remember picture]
            \draw [-] ({pic cs:a11}) to ({pic cs:a22});
            \draw [-] ({pic cs:a22}) to ({pic cs:a33});
            \draw [-] ({pic cs:a12}) to ({pic cs:a23});
       \end{tikzpicture}

在此处输入图片描述

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

一个简单的解决方案是pstricks，使用blkarray：每个元素定义为\Rnode。接下来，每对相关节点都与节点连接相连：

\documentclass[svgnames]{article}
\usepackage{blkarray, bigstrut}
\usepackage{pst-node}

\begin{document}

    \[ \begin{blockarray}{r@{\enspace}[ccc]cc}
        & \Rnode{A11}{a_{11}} & \Rnode{A12}{a_{12}} & \Rnode{A13}{a_{13}} & \Rnode{B11}{a_{11}} & \Rnode{B12}{a_{12}}\\
       \det{} & a_{21} & \Rnode{A22}{a_{22}} & \Rnode{A23}{a_{23}} & \Rnode{A21}{a_{21}} & a_{22}\\
         & \Rnode{B31}{a_{31}} & \Rnode{B32}{a_{32}} & \Rnode{A33}{a_{33}} \bigstrut[b] & \Rnode{A31}{a_{31}} & \Rnode{A32}{a_{32}}
        \end{blockarray} \]
        \psset{nodesep=0.5pt, linewidth=0.5pt, arrowinset=0.2, linejoin=1}
     \foreach \s \t in{A11/A22, A22/A33, A12/A23, A23/A31, A13/A21, A21/A32}%
     {\ncline[linecolor=Lavender]{->}{\s}{\t}}
     \foreach \s \t in{B31/A22, A22/A13, B32/A23, A23/B11, A33/A21, A21/B12}%
     {\ncline[linecolor=Moccasin]{->}{\s}{\t}}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

Nicematrix这是我认为非常优雅的 解决方案：使用 nicematrix 进行 det

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix,tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\tikzset{
    arp/.style={cyan,line width=1pt,opacity=0.5,->},
    arm/.style={orange,line width=1pt,opacity=0.5,->}}

\begin{document}
    
    \def\r{.5} % ratio for arrows outer length
    
    \NiceMatrixOptions{cell-space-limits=5pt}
    $\det%
    \begin{NiceArray}{[*{3}{W{c}{15pt}}]*{2}{W{c}{15pt}}}
        a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & a_{11} & a_{12}\\
        a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{21} & a_{22}\\
        a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} & a_{31} & a_{32}\\
        
    \CodeAfter
    \tikz 
        \foreach \i [count=\j from 3] in {1,2,3} \draw[arp] ($(1-\i)!-\r!(3-\j)$) -- ($(3-\j)!-\r!(1-\i)$) node[pos=1.1] {\Large $\oplus$};
    \CodeAfter
    \tikz 
        \foreach \i [count=\j from 3] in {1,2,3} \draw[arm] ($(1-\j)!-\r!(3-\i)$) -- ($(3-\i)!-\r!(1-\j)$) node[pos=1.1] {\Large $\ominus$};
    \end{NiceArray}%
    \quad=\quad\dots$\\ 
    
\end{document}

相关内容