我在 overleaf 中遇到了这个问题。我尝试编译其他文件，检查并重新检查是否缺少“，”或“}”，但事实并非如此。我甚至完全删除了该条目并再次输入。奇怪的是，即使 bib 条目被完全删除，也会出现相同的错误，就好像它仍然可以读取该条目，但未输入一样。
问题出在下面的参考书目文件中的三个参考文献上。
%BOOKS
@book{Versteeg:2009,
title = {\emph{An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics}},
author = {Versteeg, H. and Malalasekra, W.},
year = {2009},
publisher = {Pearson},
isbn = {9788131720486},
edition = {2nd Edition}
}
@BOOK{Moukalled:2016,
title = {\emph{The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics}},
publisher = {Springer},
author = {Moukalled, F. and Mangani, L. and Darwish, M},
year = {2016},
series = {Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications},
isbn = {9783319168739}
}
@BOOK{Wilcox:1993,
title = {\emph{Turbulence Modeling for CFD}},
publisher = {DCW Industries Inc.},
author = {Wilcox, C,D.},
year = {1993},
series = {},
isbn = {0963605100}
}
@BOOK{Anderson:1995,
title = {\emph{Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Applications}},
publisher = {McGraw-Hill Education - Europe},
author = {John Anderson},
year = {1995},
series = {},
isbn = {9780071132107}
}
@BOOK{Gersten:2017,
title = {\emph{Boundary-Layer Theory}},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg},
author = {Klaus Gersten, Hermann Schlichting(Deceased)},
year = {2017},
series = {},
isbn = {9783662529195}
}
@BOOK{Wiggert:2008,
title = {\emph{Schaum`s outline of Fluid Mechanics}},
publisher = {McGraw-Hill Education},
author = {Merle C. Potter and David C. Wiggert},
year = {2008},
series = {Schaum`s outlines},
isbn = {9780071487818}
}
@BOOK{Eckert:2007,
title = {\emph{The Dawn of Fluid Dynamics}},
publisher = {Wiley \& sons},
author = {Eckert, M.},
year = {2007},
isbn = {9783527610747}
}
@incollection{Holton:2004,
title = {Chapter 5 The planetary boundary layer},
editor = {James R. Holton},
series = {International Geophysics},
publisher = {Academic Press},
volume = {88},
pages = {115-138},
year = {2004},
booktitle = {An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology},
issn = {0074-6142},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(04)80039-1},
}
@BOOK{Lanchester:1907,
title = {Aerodynamics, constituting the first volume of a complete work on aerial flight},
author = {Frederick W. Lanchester},
year = {1907},
publisher = {London, A. Constable \& Co., Ltd.}
}
%ARTICLES
@ARTICLE{Viola:2020,
author = {~Otomo, S and Henne, S. and Mulleners, K and Ramesh, K and Viola, I,M.},
title = {\emph{Unsteady lift on a high-amplitude pitching aerofoil}},
journal = {Experiments in Fluids},
year = {2021},
volume = {62(6)},
pages = {},
number = {},
month = {},
publisher = {Springer}
}
@ARTICLE{Brunton:2012,
author = {Brunton, S,L. and Rowley, C,W.},
title = {\emph{Empirical State-Space Representations for Theodorsen's Lift Model}},
journal = {Journal of Fluids and Structures},
year = {2012},
volume = {},
pages = {},
number = {},
month = {},
publisher = {Springer}
}
@ARTICLE{Theodorsen:1933,
author = {Theodorsen, T. and Silverstein, A.},
title = {\emph{Experimental verification of the theory of wind-tunnel boundary interface}},
journal = {},
year = {1933},
volume = {},
pages = {},
number = {},
month = {},
publisher = {National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics}
}
@ARTICLE{Theodorsen:1935,
author = {Theodorsen, T.},
title = {\emph{General theory of aerodynamic instability and the mechanism of flutter}},
journal = {},
year = {1935},
volume = {},
pages = {},
number = {},
month = {},
publisher = {National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics}
}
@article{Wang:2013,
author = {Wang,Shizhao and Zhang,Xing and He,Guowei and Liu,Tianshu },
title = {A lift formula applied to low-Reynolds-number unsteady flows},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {25},
number = {9},
pages = {093605},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1063/1.4821520},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4821520}
}
@article{Narayan:2015,
author = {Narayanan,S. and Chaitanya,P. and Haeri,S. and Joseph,P. and Kim,J. W. and Polacsek,C. },
title = {Airfoil noise reductions through leading edge serrations},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {025109},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1063/1.4907798},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4907798}
}
@article{Chae:2013,
author = {Chae,Eun Jung and Akcabay,Deniz Tolga and Young,Yin Lu },
title = {Dynamic response and stability of a flapping foil in a dense and viscous fluid},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {25},
number = {10},
pages = {104106},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1063/1.4825136},
URL = { https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4825136}
}
@article{Durbin:1994,
author = {Durbin,P. A. and Mansour,N. N. and Yang,Z. },
title = {Eddy viscosity transport model for turbulent flow},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {1007-1015},
year = {1994},
doi = {10.1063/1.868334},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868334}
}
@article{Zhang:2004,
author = {Zhang,Qiang and Lee,Sang Woo and Ligrani,Phillip M. },
title = {Effects of surface roughness and freestream turbulence on the wake turbulence structure of a symmetric airfoil},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {16},
number = {6},
pages = {2044-2053},
year = {2004},
doi = {10.1063/1.1736676},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1736676}
}
@article{Fadhila:2017,
author = {Fadhila,H. and Medina,H. and Beechook,A. and Aleksandrova,S. and Benjamin,S. },
title = {Evaluation of transition-sensitive eddy-viscosity turbulence models for separated flow in OpenFOAM},
journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
volume = {1863},
number = {1},
pages = {030034},
year = {2017},
doi = {10.1063/1.4992187},
URL = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4992187}
}
@article{Adrian:2007,
author = {Adrian,Ronald J. },
title = {Hairpin vortex organization in wall turbulence},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {19},
number = {4},
pages = {041301},
year = {2007},
doi = {10.1063/1.2717527},
URL = { https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2717527},
}
@article{Merrett:2012,
author = {Merrett,Craig G. and Hilton,Harry H. },
title = {Highly flexible flight vehicle aeroelastic and aero-viscoelastic flutter issues},
journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
volume = {1493},
number = {1},
pages = {467-479},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1063/1.4765530},
URL = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4765530}
}
@article{Linyang:2019,
author = {Zhu,Linyang and Zhang,Weiwei and Kou,Jiaqing and Liu,Yilang },
title = {Machine learning methods for turbulence modeling in subsonic flows around airfoils},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {31},
number = {1},
pages = {015105},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1063/1.5061693},
URL = { https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5061693}
}
@article{Brzobohaty:2015,
author = {Brzobohatý,Tomáš and Říha,Lubomír and Karásek,Tomáš and Kozubek,Tomáš },
title = {Performance evaluation of OpenFOAM on many-core architectures},
journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
volume = {1648},
number = {1},
pages = {830004},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1063/1.4913030},
URL = {https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4913030}
}
@article{Eyink:2015,
author = {Eyink,Gregory L. },
title = {Turbulent flow in pipes and channels as cross-stream “inverse cascades” of vorticity},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {20},
number = {12},
pages = {125101},
year = {2008},
doi = {10.1063/1.3013635},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3013635}
}
@article{Wang:2014,
author = {Wang,S. and Zhou,Y. and Alam,Md. Mahbub and Yang,H. },
title = {Turbulent intensity and Reynolds number effects on an airfoil at low Reynolds numbers},
journal = {Physics of Fluids},
volume = {26},
number = {11},
pages = {115107},
year = {2014},
doi = {10.1063/1.4901969},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901969}
}
@article{Priyadarshini:2015,
author = {Priyadarshini, J,S. and Abhinav, AV,S. and Chandra, B.S. and Swathi, R,S.},
title = {Use of Aerodynamic Lift in increasing fuel efficiency of heavy vehicles},
journal = {Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {39-42},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.9790/1684-12413942},
URL = {https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/vol12-issue4/Version-1/F012413942.pdf}
}
@article{Brunton:2019,
author = {Brunton, Steven L. and Noack, Bernd R. and Koumoutsakos, Petros},
title = {Machine Learning for Fluid Mechanics},
journal = {Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics},
volume = {52},
number = {1},
pages = {477-508},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1146/annurev-fluid-010719-060214},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010719-060214}
}
@article{Vogt:2010,
author = {Vogt, J,W. and Barber, T,J},
title = {Ground effect phenomena about lift and downforce generating cambered aerofoils},
journal = {International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat \& Fluid Flow},
volume = {22},
number = {2},
pages = {153-174},
year = {2012},
doi = {10.1108/09615531211199809}
}
@article{Xu:2020,
author = {Xu, Yuncheng. and Liu, Xiaofeng},
title = {An immersed boundary method with y + ‐adaptive wall function for smooth wall shear},
journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1002/fld.4960},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.4960}
}
@article{Schmitt:2007,
author = {Schmitt G, Fran\c{c}ois.},
title = {About Boussinesq’s turbulent viscosity hypothesis: historical remarks and a direct evaluation of its validity},
journal = {Comptes Rendus Mécanique},
volume = {335},
number = {9-10},
pages = {617-627},
year = {2007},
doi = {10.1016/j.crme.2007.08.004}
}
@article{Rodionov:2010,
title = {On the use of Boussinesq approximation in turbulent supersonic jet modeling},
journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer},
volume = {53},
number = {5},
pages = {889-901},
year = {2010},
issn = {0017-9310},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.11.035},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0017931009006358},
author = {Alexander V. Rodionov}
}
@article{Stokes:1845,
title = {On the theories of the internal friction of fluids in motion, and of the equilibrium and motion of elastic solids},
author = {Stokes G, G.},
journal = {Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society},
volume = {8},
pages = {287-305},
year = {1845}
}
@article{Stokes:1856,
title = {On the effect of the internal friction of fluids on the motion of pendulums},
author = {Stokes G, G.},
journal = {Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society},
volume = {9},
pages = {1-100},
year = {1856}
}
@article{Navier:1827,
title = {M´emoire sur les lois du mouvement des fluides},
author = {Navier, CLMH.},
year = 1827,
journal = {M´em. de l’Acad. d. Sci.},
volume = 6,
pages = {389--416}
}
@incollection{KUNDU:2016,
title = {Chapter 10 - Boundary Layers and Related Topics},
editor = {Pijush K. Kundu and Ira M. Cohen and David R. Dowling},
booktitle = {Fluid Mechanics (Sixth Edition)},
publisher = {Academic Press},
edition = {Sixth Edition},
address = {Boston},
pages = {469-532},
year = {2016},
isbn = {978-0-12-405935-1},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-405935-1.00010-1},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124059351000101},
author = {Pijush K. Kundu and Ira M. Cohen and David R. Dowling},
}
@article{Prandtl:1904,
title = {\"{U}ber Fl\"{u}ssikeitsbewegung bei sehr kleiner Reibung},
author = {Prandtl, L},
year = {1904}
}
@article{Prandtl:1918,
title = {Tragflügeltheorie},
author = {Prandtl, L},
year = {1918}
}
@article{JONES:1972,
title = {The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence},
journal = {International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {301-314},
year = {1972},
issn = {0017-9310},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(72)90076-2},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0017931072900762},
author = {W.P Jones and B.E Launder},
}
@article{LAUNDER:1974,
title = {The numerical computation of turbulent flows},
journal = {Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering},
volume = {3},
number = {2},
pages = {269-289},
year = {1974},
issn = {0045-7825},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(74)90029-2},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0045782574900292},
author = {B.E. Launder and D.B. Spalding},
}
@article{Wilcox:2008,
title = {Formulation of the $k-\omega$ Turbulence Model Revisited},
journal = {AIAA Journal},
volume = {46},
number = {11},
pages = {2823-2838},
year = {2008},
author = {Wilcox , D.C},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.2514/1.36541}
}
@article{Menter:1992,
title = {Influence of freestream values on $k-\omega$ turbulence model predictions},
journal = {AIAA Journal},
volume = {30},
number = {6},
year = {1992},
author = {Menter, FR},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.2514/3.11115}
}
%WEBPAGES OR SLIDES
@misc{YTFM101a:2021,
title = {\emph{The k - epsilon Turbulence Model}},
publisher = {Fluid Mechanics 101},
author = {Wimshurst, A.},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnJ8lIgfDbkrNyps1_36tNRRQ7hLzPFhV} \newline Date Accessed: 2021/01/10},
year = {2019}
}
@misc{CFD:2017,
title = {\emph{Reynolds stress model (RSM)}},
publisher = {cfd-online},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.cfd-online.com/Wiki/Reynolds_stress_model_(RSM)} Date Accessed: 2021/02/07}
}
@misc{NASA:2020,
title = {SSG/LRR Full Reynolds Stress Model},
publisher = {Langley Research Center},
author = {NASA},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://turbmodels.larc.nasa.gov/rsm-ssglrr.html} Date Accessed: 2021/01/11}
}
@misc{Mourada:2020,
title = {\emph{Derivation of the Navier-Stokes Equations}},
author = {Jousef Mourad},
publisher = {Jousef Mourad},
howpublished = {Avalaible at \url{https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-K7XxqaUNye0co-PFb-YJLfrFpvbYU33} Date Accessed: 2021/04/29}
}
@misc{Mouradb:2020,
title = {\emph{Derivation of the Mass Continuity Equation}},
author = {Jousef Mourad},
publisher = {Jousef Mourad},
howpublished = {Avalaible at \url{https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-K7XxqaUNye0co-PFb-YJLfrFpvbYU33} Date Accessed: 2021/04/26}
}
@misc{Mouradc:2020,
title = {\emph{Derivation of the Energy Equation}},
author = {Jousef Mourad},
publisher = {Jousef Mourad},
howpublished = {Avalaible at \url{https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-K7XxqaUNye0co-PFb-YJLfrFpvbYU33} Date Accessed: 2021/05/03}
}
@misc{Comsol:2017,
title = {\emph{The Boussinesq Approximation}},
publisher = {Comsol inc.},
author = {Comsol},
year = {2017},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.comsol.com/multiphysics/boussinesq-approximation#:~:text=The%20Boussinesq%20approximation%20is%20a,of%20the%20Navier%2DStokes%20equations.&text=It%20assumes%20that%20variations%20in,give%20rise%20to%20buoyancy%20forces.} Date Accessed: 2021/05/12}
}
@misc{StokesB:2021,
title = {Sir George Gabriel Stokes, 1st Baronet.},
author = {Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia},
publisher = {Encyclopedia Britannica},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-George-Gabriel-Stokes-1st-Baronet} Date Accessed: 2021/05/01}
}
@misc{ReynoldsB:2021,
title = {Osborne Reynolds},
author = {Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia.},
publisher = {Encyclopaedia Britannica},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Availabe at \url{https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osborne-Reynolds} Date Accessed: 2021/05/14}
}
@misc{BruntonY1:2021,
title = {Turbulence: Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (Part 1, Mass Continuity Equation)},
author = {Steve L. Brunton},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDt-HJEXK6g} Date Accessed: 2021/05/15}
}
@misc{BruntonY2:2021,
title = {Turbulence: Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) Equations (Part 2, Momentum Equation)},
author = {Steve L. Brunton},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pe6AxHpvBJU} Date Accessed: 2021/05/15}
}
@misc{NASA:2021,
title = {Langley Research Center Turbulence Modeling Resource},
author = {Christopher, Rumsey},
publisher = {NASA},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Available at \url{https://turbmodels.larc.nasa.gov/} Date Accessed: 2021/05/16}
}
@misc{Prandtl:2021,
title = {Ludwig Prandtl},
author = {Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia.},
publisher = {Encyclopaedia Britannica},
year = {2021},
howpublished = {Availabe at \url{https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ludwig-Prandtl} Date Accessed: 2021/05/17}
}
问题在于Versteeg:2009、Navier:1827和Mouradb:2020。文件仍可编译，但我想删除这些错误。我甚至尝试在主条目内的所有条目周围放置花括号，即，
@misc{
title = {},
year = {},
author = {},
and so on
}
以下是 MWE 的其他文件。
主文本
\documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{report}
\usepackage[a4paper,width=150mm,top=25mm,bottom=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage[sectionbib, square, numbers, super, sort]{natbib}
\usepackage{chapterbib}
%\usepackage{filecontents}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{tgschola}
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[makeroom]{cancel}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage{xurl}
\usepackage{url}
\newcommand\citeAYS[1]{(\citeauthor{#1}, \citeyear{#1})~\cite{#1}}
\begin{document}
\include{Chapter02/Chapter02}
\end{document}
进而Chapter02.tex
\chapter{Experimental setup}
\section{The models in c++}
%\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{The models in c++}
Mention source code and maybe give listings of source code of models or mention them in an appendix and reference it here. \citeAYS{Brunton:2012} , \citeAYS{Adrian:2007}, \citeAYS{Versteeg:2009}, \citeAYS{Navier:1827}, \citeAYS{Mouradb:2020}.\\
\bibliographystyle{chicago}
\bibliography{References/References.bib}
答案1
（评论太长，因此作为答案发布）
article如果我通过使用文档类、natbib和xurl包以及参考书目样式使您的代码片段可编译，则无法重现您所说的您遇到的问题。unsrtnat但是，BibteX 日志文件确实包含以下警告：
Warning--empty author in Holton:2004
Warning--empty journal in Theodorsen:1933
Warning--empty journal in Theodorsen:1935
Warning--empty journal in Prandtl:1904
Warning--empty journal in Prandtl:1918
Warning--empty year in CFD:2017
Warning--empty year in NASA:2020
Warning--empty year in Mourada:2020
Warning--empty year in Mouradb:2020
Warning--empty year in Mouradc:2020
我认为尽快修复这些问题是个好主意。（对于 Holton:2004 条目，可能是您使用了错误的条目类型。我建议您将其替换@incollection为@inbook--，或者提供缺失的author字段。）