由于我的文档中有许多复杂的图表（PGFPlots）以及 Tikz 图像，因此我遇到了 Tikzexternalize 的限制。如果我一次更改两个以上的 tikzpictures，则需要很长时间才能编译文档——至少 15 分钟。
这是因为 tikzexternalize 会读取整个文档并尝试排版每个文本和图形元素。因此，其他 tikzpicture 环境也会被读取和处理，这是不必要的。我想知道，在 tikzpicture 环境中使用 读取之前，是否可以通过一个简单的查询来优化这一点\tikzexternal@nextfile。
看看我的第一次尝试（MWE-无法编译）。基本上，verbatim当作业名称不等于 tikzexternal 名称时，我尝试使用环境动态注释掉 tikz 代码。因此，我想在创建特定的外部 tikzpicture 时跳过所有其他 tikzpicture。也许有人知道更好的解决方案或者可以使用和优化我的 mwe。
谢谢您的建议！
您需要在 latex 项目中创建文件夹“tikz”——或者调整前缀。还可以使用--shell-escape选项进行编译
\documentclass[
titlepage=true,
fontsize=11pt,
]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
\tikzexternalize[mode=convert with system call,optimize=false]
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{etoolbox} % for ifstrequal
% First adapt tikzexternal@nextfile and define valso mytikznext
\makeatletter
\def\tikzsetnextfilename#1{\gdef\tikzexternal@nextfile{#1}\gdef\mytikznext{#1}}
\makeatother
% New if condition states (ifshowtikztrue / ifshowtikzfalse)
\newif\ifshowtikz
% Adapt tikzpicture enviroment and make use of verbatim
\let\oldtikzpicture\tikzpicture
\let\oldendtikzpicture\endtikzpicture
\renewenvironment{tikzpicture}{%
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{\mytikznext}{\showtikztrue}{\showtikzfalse}
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{main}{\showtikztrue}{nope}
\ifshowtikz\expandafter\oldtikzpicture%
\else\expandafter\comment%
\fi
}{%
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{\mytikznext}{\showtikztrue}{\showtikzfalse}
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{main}{\showtikztrue}{nope}
\ifshowtikz\expandafter\oldendtikzpicture%
\else\expandafter\endcomment%
\fi
}
\begin{document}
\typeout{=== JOB: {\jobname} ===}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\tikzsetnextfilename{test_1}
\typeout{=== TIKZ: {\mytikznext} ===}
\tikzset{partial ellipse/.style args =
{#1:#2:#3}{insert path={+ (#1:#3) arc (#1:#2:#3)}}}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]
% ellipses
\draw [fill=white!90!red] (3,-1.8) ellipse (4cm and 1 cm);
\draw [fill=yellow!90!green] (3,-1.8) ellipse (3cm and 0.75 cm);
\draw [fill=white!90!green] (3,-1.8) ellipse (2cm and 0.5 cm);
% -- Soleil
\shade [ball color=gray!10!yellow] (3,-1.8) circle (1);
\node (soleil) at (3,-1.8) {\bf Soleil};
% partial ellipse pour tracé devant le Soleil
\draw (3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=220:320:2cm and 0.5cm]
(3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=220:320:3cm and 0.75cm];
% Venus
\shade [ball color=gray!10!orange] (1.6,-1.8) circle (.2);
\node (venus) at (1.5,-1.45) {Venus};
% ombre de Venus
\draw[color=white!70!black,fill=white!70!black]
(1.6,-2.3) ellipse (2mm and 0.5mm);
% Mercure
\shade [ball color=gray!10!orange] (5,-1.225) circle (.25);
\node (mercure) at (5,-0.8) {Mercure};
% Earth
\shade [ball color=white!50!blue] (5.75,-2.5) circle (.33);
\node (terre) at (6.6,-2.6) {\bf Terre};
% Lune
\shade [ball color=yellow] (5.25,-2.8) circle (.1);
\node (lune) at (5.25,-3) {Lune};
% Mars
\draw (3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=45:120:9cm and 2.5cm];
\shade [ball color=black!50!red] (5,0.66) circle (.15);
\node (mars) at (5,1) {\bf Mars};
% trajet
\draw [line width=2pt,blue,->,>=latex] (terre) to[out=0,in=0] (mars);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption[Test1]{Test1.}
\label{fig:test_1}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\tikzsetnextfilename{test_2}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=4,cap=round,>=latex]
% Radius of regular polygons
\newdimen\R
\R=0.8cm
\coordinate (center) at (0,0);
\draw (0:\R)
\foreach \x in {60,120,...,360} { -- (\x:\R) }
-- cycle (300:\R) node[below] {$\csc \theta$}
-- cycle (240:\R) node[below] {$\sec \theta$}
-- cycle (180:\R) node[left] {$\tan \theta$}
-- cycle (120:\R) node[above] {$\sin \theta$}
-- cycle (60:\R) node[above] {$\cos \theta$}
-- cycle (0:\R) node[right] {$\cot \theta$};
\draw { (60:\R) -- (120:\R) -- (center) -- (60:\R) } [fill=gray];
\draw { (180:\R) -- (240:\R) -- (center) -- (180:\R) } [fill=gray];
\draw { (0:\R) -- (300:\R) -- (center) -- (0:\R) } [fill=gray];
\R=0.1cm
\draw (0:\R) \foreach \x in {60,120,...,360} { -- (\x:\R) }
[fill=white] -- cycle (center) node {1};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption[Test1]{Test2.}
\label{fig:test_1}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
示例摘自https://texample.net——感谢作者。
编辑：我编译lualatex -shell-escape -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode main.tex
编辑2：您必须编译两次，然后它才能工作.....但不像缩进的那样：在单独的调用中编译 tikzpicture 时它仍然会说：
=== JOB: {main} ===
=== TIKZ: {test_1} ===
因此 if 语句不起作用......
编辑3：添加了以下选项external/system call
\makeatletter
\tikzset{%
external/prefix=tikz/,
external/system call={%
lualatex %
\tikzexternalcheckshellescape %
-shell-escape %
-interaction=nonstopmode%
-interaction=batchmode %
%-output-directory="tikz" %
-jobname "\mytikznext" %
"\texsource"%
},
%/pgf/images/include external/.code={%
% \includegraphics{tikz/#1}%
%},%
}
\makeatother
但输出仍然不正确，分别是字符串的比较不能按预期进行：
=== JOB: {test1} ===
=== TIKZ: {test1} ===
=== NOTSAME === <---------- WHY?
=== JOB: {test1} ===
=== TIKZ: {test2} ===
=== NOTSAME ===
新的完整“MWE”：
\documentclass[
fontsize=11pt,
]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
\tikzexternalize%[prefix=tikz/,mode=convert with system call,optimize=false]
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{etoolbox} % for ifstrequal
% First adapt tikzexternal@nextfile and define valso mytikznext
\makeatletter
\def\tikzsetnextfilename#1{\gdef\tikzexternal@nextfile{#1}\gdef\mytikznext{#1}}
\makeatother
\makeatletter
\tikzset{%
external/prefix=tikz/,
external/system call={%
lualatex %
\tikzexternalcheckshellescape %
-shell-escape %
-interaction=nonstopmode%
-interaction=batchmode %
%-output-directory="tikz" %
-jobname "\mytikznext" %
"\texsource"%
},
%/pgf/images/include external/.code={%
% \includegraphics{tikz/#1}%
%},%
}
\makeatother
% New if condition states (ifshowtikztrue / ifshowtikzfalse)
\newif\ifshowtikz
% Adapt tikzpicture enviroment and make use of verbatim
\let\oldtikzpicture\tikzpicture
\let\oldendtikzpicture\endtikzpicture
\renewenvironment{tikzpicture}{%
\typeout{=== JOB: {\jobname} ===}
\typeout{=== TIKZ: {\mytikznext} ===}
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{\mytikznext}{\typeout{=== SAME ===}}{\typeout{=== NOTSAME ===}}
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{\mytikznext}{\showtikztrue}{\showtikzfalse}
\expandafter\ifstrequal\expandafter{\jobname}{main}{\showtikztrue}{nope}
\ifshowtikz\expandafter\oldtikzpicture%
\else\expandafter\comment%
\fi
}{%
\ifshowtikz\expandafter\oldendtikzpicture%
\else\expandafter\endcomment%
\fi
}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\tikzsetnextfilename{test1}
\tikzset{partial ellipse/.style args =
{#1:#2:#3}{insert path={+ (#1:#3) arc (#1:#2:#3)}}}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex]
% ellipses
\draw [fill=white!90!red] (3,-1.8) ellipse (4cm and 1 cm);
\draw [fill=yellow!90!green] (3,-1.8) ellipse (3cm and 0.75 cm);
\draw [fill=white!90!green] (3,-1.8) ellipse (2cm and 0.5 cm);
% -- Soleil
\shade [ball color=gray!10!yellow] (3,-1.8) circle (1);
\node (soleil) at (3,-1.8) {\bf Soleil};
% partial ellipse pour tracé devant le Soleil
\draw (3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=220:320:2cm and 0.5cm]
(3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=220:320:3cm and 0.75cm];
% Venus
\shade [ball color=gray!10!orange] (1.6,-1.8) circle (.2);
\node (venus) at (1.5,-1.45) {Venus};
% ombre de Venus
\draw[color=white!70!black,fill=white!70!black]
(1.6,-2.3) ellipse (2mm and 0.5mm);
% Mercure
\shade [ball color=gray!10!orange] (5,-1.225) circle (.25);
\node (mercure) at (5,-0.8) {Mercure};
% Earth
\shade [ball color=white!50!blue] (5.75,-2.5) circle (.33);
\node (terre) at (6.6,-2.6) {\bf Terre};
% Lune
\shade [ball color=yellow] (5.25,-2.8) circle (.1);
\node (lune) at (5.25,-3) {Lune};
% Mars
\draw (3,-1.8) [partial ellipse=45:120:9cm and 2.5cm];
\shade [ball color=black!50!red] (5,0.66) circle (.15);
\node (mars) at (5,1) {\bf Mars};
% trajet
\draw [line width=2pt,blue,->,>=latex] (terre) to[out=0,in=0] (mars);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption[Test1]{Test1.}
\label{fig:test_1}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[!t]
\centering
\tikzsetnextfilename{test2}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=4,cap=round,>=latex]
% Radius of regular polygons
\newdimen\R
\R=0.8cm
\coordinate (center) at (0,0);
\draw (0:\R)
\foreach \x in {60,120,...,360} { -- (\x:\R) }
-- cycle (300:\R) node[below] {$\csc \theta$}
-- cycle (240:\R) node[below] {$\sec \theta$}
-- cycle (180:\R) node[left] {$\tan \theta$}
-- cycle (120:\R) node[above] {$\sin \theta$}
-- cycle (60:\R) node[above] {$\cos \theta$}
-- cycle (0:\R) node[right] {$\cot \theta$};
\draw { (60:\R) -- (120:\R) -- (center) -- (60:\R) } [fill=gray];
\draw { (180:\R) -- (240:\R) -- (center) -- (180:\R) } [fill=gray];
\draw { (0:\R) -- (300:\R) -- (center) -- (0:\R) } [fill=gray];
\R=0.1cm
\draw (0:\R) \foreach \x in {60,120,...,360} { -- (\x:\R) }
[fill=white] -- cycle (center) node {1};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption[Test1]{Test2.}
\label{fig:test_2}
\end{figure}
\end{document}