这是两次安装下载的（由 MiKTeX 提供的）babel-scottish 文件的失败尝试。它似乎与缺失的 hilatex-dev.fmt 文件有关，而该文件可能是 XeLaTeX 所需的。如果您尝试搜索此文件，互联网似乎出奇地安静，因此我无法解决更新格式问题。MikTeX 控制台中似乎没有重建语言数据库所需的更新按钮。我接下来应该尝试什么？
C:\Users\hsmye>miktex --enable-installer formats build
security risk: running with elevated privileges
Building format 'latex-dev' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'amstex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'lualatex-dev' with engine 'luahbtex'...
Building format 'pdfcslatex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'pdfcsplain' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'dviluatex' with engine 'luatex'...
Building format 'csplain' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'cslatex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'mltex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'bagpipe' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'lualatex' with engine 'luahbtex'...
Building format 'bplain' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'optex' with engine 'luatex'...
Building format 'bagpipex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'dvilualatex-dev' with engine 'luatex'...
Building format 'dvilualatex' with engine 'luatex'...
Building format 'etex' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'lollipop' with engine 'pdftex'...
Building format 'hilatex' with engine 'hitex'...
Building format 'hilatex-dev' with engine 'hitex'...
Sorry, but: Windows API error 2: The system cannot find the file specified.
C:\Users\hsmye>
initexmf --dump
2024-04-25 11:43:37,451-0600 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2024-04-25 11:43:37,456-0600 INFO initexmf - running: miktex --enable-installer formats build
2024-04-25 11:43:37,456-0600 INFO initexmf.core - start process: miktex --enable-installer formats build
2024-04-25 11:45:32,696-0600 INFO initexmf - this is MiKTeX Configuration Utility 5.5 (MiKTeX 24.3.31)
2024-04-25 11:45:32,696-0600 INFO initexmf - this process (21316) started by cmd in directory C:\Users\hsmye with command line: initexmf --help
2024-04-25 11:45:32,696-0600 INFO initexmf - Operating on the private (per-user) MiKTeX setup
2024-04-25 11:46:28,488-0600 ERROR initexmf - sub-process error output has been saved to 'C:\Users\hsmye\AppData\Local\MiKTeX\miktex\log\miktex_2024-04-25-114628.out'
2024-04-25 11:46:28,488-0600 FATAL initexmf - Windows API error 2: The system cannot find the file specified.
2024-04-25 11:46:28,489-0600 FATAL initexmf - Info: existing="C:\Users\hsmye\AppData\Local\Temp\mik45435\hilatex-dev.fmt", path="C:\Users\hsmye\AppData\Local\MiKTeX\miktex/data/le/hitex\hilatex-dev.fmt"
2024-04-25 11:46:28,489-0600 FATAL initexmf - Source: Libraries\MiKTeX\Core\File\win\winFile.cpp
2024-04-25 11:46:28,489-0600 FATAL initexmf - Line: 376
2024-04-25 11:46:28,490-0600 INFO initexmf - this process (16556) finishes with exit code 1
抱歉太长了；这是我能得到的最接近 MWE 的内容了。
顺便问一下，你见过 Windows 安装会保存用户名吗？注意日志文件中的用户名……
差点忘了，这是使用 XeLaTeX 运行时的警告
[{
"resource": "/C:/Users/hsmye/AppData/Local/Programs/MiKTeX/tex/latex/babel-scottish/scottishgaelic.ldf",
"owner": "LaTeX",
"severity": 4,
"message": "Package babel: No hyphenation patterns were preloaded for\n(babel)\tthe language 'Scottish Gaelic' into the format.\n(babel)\tPlease, configure your TeX system to add them and\n(babel)\trebuild the format. Now I will use the patterns\n(babel)\tpreloaded for \\language=0 instead.",
"source": "LaTeX",
"startLineNumber": 41,
"startColumn": 1,
"endLineNumber": 41,
"endColumn": 65536
}]
抱歉，消息的格式不正确，但这就是“副本”返回的内容。
新信息，这是我当前运行的结果
(C:\Users\hsmye\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/babel-scottish\scottish.ldf (C:\Users\hsmye\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\tex/latex/babel-scottish\scottishgaelic.ldf
Package babel Warning: No hyphenation patterns were preloaded for
(babel) the language 'Scottish Gaelic' into the format.
(babel) Please, configure your TeX system to add them and
(babel) rebuild the format. Now I will use the patterns
(babel) preloaded for \language=0 instead on input line 41.
它显然知道需要哪些文件，但似乎无法获取它们。我已经在 GitHub 上用 MikTeX 提交了一份错误报告。