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/etc/fstab

tag-icon • tag-icon arch-linux fstab migration
/etc/fstab

我有一台旧机器，它的电源坏了。所以我拿走了我能抢救的一切（即RAM、gfx卡和仍然有我的arch安装的HDD）并将其合并到一台新机器中。当我尝试启动机器时，它说找不到 UUID-xxxxxx 的根设备，并将我带入恢复 shell。经过一番摆弄后，我发现机器确实启动到后备映像，并且一切正常。但是当我重新启动并尝试启动到正常映像时，它又说了同样的事情。

我对发生的事情有点迷失。有人可以向我解释一下出了什么问题以及我该如何解决这个问题吗？另外，我是在后备映像中的新机器上写这篇文章的。

干杯!

编辑：

/etc/fstab

# UUID=2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe
/dev/sda5               /           ext4        rw,relatime,data=ordered    0 1

# UUID=ed251836-86aa-40ab-bd1f-b6f40937cb72
/dev/sda1               /boot       ext2        rw,relatime 0 2

# UUID=c2a8e803-2197-4130-99f3-6a43cfb43e73
/dev/sda7               /home       ext4        rw,relatime,data=ordered    0 2

#aravind@husker:/home/aravind/Work/  /home/aravind/Work   fuse.sshfs  noauto,x-systemd.automount,_netdev,users,IdentityFile=/home/aravind/.ssh/id_rsa,allow_other,reconnect,workaround=all   0   0

/var/log/dmesg.log

/var/log/ 中没有 dmesg.log 或 boot.log

引导装载程序

Grub

引导加载程序 - 配置/boot/grub/grub.cfg

#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
insmod part_gpt
insmod part_msdos
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
  load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
   set default="${next_entry}"
   set next_entry=
   save_env next_entry
   set boot_once=true
else
   set default="0"
fi

if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
  menuentry_id_option=""
fi

export menuentry_id_option

if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
  set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
  save_env saved_entry
  set prev_saved_entry=
  save_env prev_saved_entry
  set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
  if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
    saved_entry="${chosen}"
    save_env saved_entry
  fi
}

function load_video {
  if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
    insmod all_video
  else
    insmod efi_gop
    insmod efi_uga
    insmod ieee1275_fb
    insmod vbe
    insmod vga
    insmod video_bochs
    insmod video_cirrus
  fi
}

if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
   font=unicode
else
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5  2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe
else
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe
fi
    font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi

if loadfont $font ; then
  set gfxmode=auto
  load_video
  insmod gfxterm
fi
terminal_input console
terminal_output gfxterm
set timeout=5
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Arch Linux, with Linux core repo kernel' --class arch --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-core repo kernel-true-2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe' {
    load_video
    set gfxpayload=keep
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    set root='hd0,msdos1'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1  ed251836-86aa-40ab-bd1f-b6f40937cb72
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ed251836-86aa-40ab-bd1f-b6f40937cb72
    fi
    echo    'Loading Linux core repo kernel ...'
    linux   /vmlinuz-linux root=UUID=2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe ro  quiet
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /initramfs-linux.img
}
menuentry 'Arch Linux, with Linux core repo kernel (Fallback initramfs)' --class arch --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-core repo kernel-fallback-2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe' {
    load_video
    set gfxpayload=keep
    insmod gzio
    insmod part_msdos
    insmod ext2
    set root='hd0,msdos1'
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1  ed251836-86aa-40ab-bd1f-b6f40937cb72
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root ed251836-86aa-40ab-bd1f-b6f40937cb72
    fi
    echo    'Loading Linux core repo kernel ...'
    linux   /vmlinuz-linux root=UUID=2932dc14-2339-4509-aa13-4131764a9bfe ro  quiet
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /initramfs-linux-fallback.img
}

### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f  ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
  source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f  $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
  source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/60_memtest86+ ###
### END /etc/grub.d/60_memtest86+ ###

答案1

尝试不要使用 /dev/sdX 来识别您的设备，而是使用其 UUID，这样您应该始终是安全的。

使用该blkid命令识别设备的 UUID 并通过UUID=YourDevicesUUID替换 /dev/sdX 来修改 fstab。您还需要修改 /etc/grub/grub.cfg 以将根设备设置为要从中启动的驱动器的 UUID。

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