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优化 .htaccess 以进行缓存？

tag-icon • tag-icon apache-2.2 proxy .htaccess cache
优化 .htaccess 以进行缓存？

我正在尝试让 Google PageSpeed 满意，但我的 .htaccess 技能有限。我尤其难以处理浏览器和代理缓存。有人有我可以使用的模板吗？

以下是我目前所进行的压缩：

# JavaScript MIME type issues:
#   1. Apache uses "application/javascript": http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/branches/1.3.x/conf/mime.types
#   2. IIS uses "application/x-javascript": http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb742440.aspx
#   3. SVG specification says it is text/ecmascript: http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/script.html#ScriptElement
#   4. HTML specification says it is text/javascript: http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.2.2
#   5. "text/ecmascript" and "text/javascript" are considered obsolete: http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4329.txt

#==================================================================================================
# Compression: http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/payload.html#GzipCompression
#==================================================================================================
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/atom+xml
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/json
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml

    # The following MIME types are in the process of registration
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xslt+xml
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE image/svg+xml

    # The following MIME types are NOT registered
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/mathml+xml
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml

    # Compress JavaScript; make sure to list all possible MIME types for JavaScript
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/ecmascript
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript
</IfModule>
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

答案1

这是一个你可以使用的模板。我从某人那里得到它，不知道原作者是谁，但它很可能是 yslow 插件的输出（http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/）。

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
</IfModule>

# if you don't use filenames to version, lower the css and js to something like
#   "access plus 1 week" or so

<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  Header set cache-control: public
  ExpiresActive on

# Perhaps better to whitelist expires rules? Perhaps.
  ExpiresDefault                          "access plus 1 month"

# cache.manifest needs re-reqeusts in FF 3.6 (thx Remy ~Introducing HTML5)
  ExpiresByType text/cache-manifest       "access plus 0 seconds"

# your document html 
  ExpiresByType text/html                  "access"

# rss feed
  ExpiresByType application/rss+xml       "access plus 1 hour"

# favicon (cannot be renamed)
  ExpiresByType image/vnd.microsoft.icon  "access plus 1 week" 

# favicon (cannot be renamed)
  ExpiresByType image/vnd.microsoft.icon  "access plus 1 week" 

# media: images, video, audio
  ExpiresByType image/png                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/jpg                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/jpeg                "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType video/ogg                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType audio/ogg                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType video/mp4                 "access plus 1 month"

# webfonts
  ExpiresByType font/ttf                  "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType font/woff                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/svg+xml             "access plus 1 month"

# css and javascript
  ExpiresByType text/css                  "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType application/javascript    "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType text/javascript           "access plus 1 month"
</IfModule>


# Since we're sending far-future expires, we don't need ETags for
# static content.
#   developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags
FileETag None

# use utf-8 encoding for anything served text/plain or text/html
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
# force utf-8 for a number of file formats
AddCharset utf-8 .html .css .js .xml .json .rss

答案2

您的语法看起来不错。有些人可能会说我这样做很老套，但我使用了此处显示的 apache 示例配置：

此外，我强烈建议将这些规则放在 apache 配置文件中，而不是 .htaccess 文件中。这是因为当请求到达时，apache 必须四处寻找 .htaccess 文件，读取它们，并动态处理它们的配置。如果您将配置放在主 apache 配置文件中，它会在 apache 首次启动时编译它们。

在每秒有大量请求的非常繁忙的网站上，使用 .htaccess 文件会很快降低网站的速度。

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