我使用以下脚本通过 L2TP 和 IPSEC（使用 LibreSwan）设置了 VPN：https://github.com/hwdsl2/setup-ipsec-vpn
我唯一需要做的更改是将“eth0”的实例更改为 Ubuntu 设备命名的新格式。我的设备是 enp0s31f6（主设备）和 enp3s0（辅助设备，未使用）。
最初我遇到了防火墙问题，根本无法连接到 VPN，而且 SMB 共享实际上不可见。我基本上是暂时关闭了防火墙来进行调试。
我尝试扩展和更改 SMB.conf 中的主机和接口，并且必须将其添加到 iptables 中的一些规则改为使用 enp0s31f6 而不是 eth0。我可以从家里或任何其他地方顺利连接到 VPN，但我从来无法连接到 VPN 服务器上的共享。
如果我使用 VPN 从 Windows 7 计算机导航到 \192.168.42.10，它会显示我的共享。访问任何其他 IP 都不起作用，或者立即显示无法访问。
该服务器具有 VPN 和 SMB 共享，运行的是 Ubuntu Server 15.10。客户端是 Windows 7、8 和 10，以及 OSX El Capitan。
服务器的 LAN IP 地址是：192.168.1.93 我的 LAN IP（连接到 VPN 时）是：192.168.42.10
从我的 Samba 日志中，我看到没有什么关于我的计算机尝试连接，这让我认为 SAMBA 无法通过 VPN 连接访问？
以下是 iptables.rules 的输出：
# Added by hwdsl2 VPN script
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp --dport 67:68 --sport 67:68 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dports 500,4500 -j ACCEPT#
-A INPUT -p udp --dport 1701 -m policy --dir in --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp --dport 1701 -j DROP
-A INPUT -j DROP
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A FORWARD -i enp0s31f6 -o ppp+ -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i ppp+ -o enp0s31f6 -j ACCEPT
# If you wish to allow traffic between VPN clients themselves, uncomment this line:
-A FORWARD -i ppp+ -o ppp+ -s 192.168.42.0/24 -d 192.168.42.0/24 -j ACCEPT
#-A FORWARD -j DROP
COMMIT
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]
-A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.42.0/24 -o enp0s31f6 -j SNAT --to-source "192.168.1.93"
COMMIT
smb.conf 的输出（相关部分）：
[global]
server role = standalone server
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
path = /home/kmdgserver/share
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
pam password change = yes
dns proxy = no
hosts allow = 10.0.0.0/255.255.254.0 10.0.0.0/8 192.168.0.0/16 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.42.0/24 192.168.1. 192.168.
map to guest = bad user
comment = KMDG Server Share
max log size = 1000
syslog = 0
unix password sync = yes
usershare allow guests = yes
passdb backend = tdbsam
obey pam restrictions = yes
workgroup = WORKGROUP
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
interfaces = enp0s31f6 enp3s0 10.8.0.0/24 127.0.0.0/8
[KMDG Server]
writeable = yes
valid users = kmdgserver,@kmdgserver
force user = kmdgserver
force group = kmdgserver
write list = kmdgserver,@kmdgserver
user = kmdgserver,@kmdgserver
ipsec.conf 的输出如下：
version 2.0
config setup
virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12
#virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12,%v4:25.0.0.0/8,%v4:100.64.0.0/10
protostack=netkey
nhelpers=0
interfaces=%defaultroute
conn vpnpsk
auto=add
#left=[public facing IP]
left=192.168.1.93
#leftid=192.168.1.93
leftid=[public facing IP]
leftsubnet=192.168.1.93/32
#leftsubnet=192.168.1.0/24
leftnexthop=%defaultroute
leftprotoport=17/1701
rightprotoport=17/%any
right=%any
rightsubnet=192.168.1.0/24
#rightsubnetwithin=0.0.0.0/0
forceencaps=yes
authby=secret
pfs=no
type=transport
auth=esp
ike=3des-sha1,aes-sha1
phase2alg=3des-sha1,aes-sha1
rekey=no
keyingtries=5
dpddelay=30
dpdtimeout=120
dpdaction=clear
xl2tpd.conf 的输出：
[global]
port = 1701
[lns default]
ip range = 192.168.42.10-192.168.42.250
local ip = 192.168.1.93
require chap = yes
refuse pap = yes
require authentication = yes
name = l2tpd
pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
length bit = yes
和 sysctl.conf：
# Log Martian Packets
#net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
#
# Added by hwdsl2 VPN script
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.lo.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.enp0s31f6.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.lo.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.enp0s31f6.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1
net.core.wmem_max = 12582912
net.core.rmem_max = 12582912
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 10240 87380 12582912
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 10240 87380 12582912
当我从远程位置的另一台计算机连接到 VPN 时，VPN/SMB 服务器上 ifconfig 的输出如下：
kmdgserver@jupiter:~$ ifconfig
enp0s31f6 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 40:8d:5c:b9:1d:da
inet addr:192.168.1.93 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::428d:5cff:feb9:1dda/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:683992926 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:180842795 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:941095568867 (941.0 GB) TX bytes:19465551430 (19.4 GB)
Interrupt:16 Memory:df200000-df220000
enp3s0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 40:8d:5c:b9:1d:d8
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
Memory:df100000-df11ffff
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:1551082 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1551082 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:699248341 (699.2 MB) TX bytes:699248341 (699.2 MB)
ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
inet addr:192.168.1.93 P-t-P:192.168.42.10 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1280 Metric:1
RX packets:124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:3
RX bytes:18788 (18.7 KB) TX bytes:86 (86.0 B)
最近尝试的系统日志输出：
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: Connection established to [MY HOME IP], 1701. Local: 18878, Remote: 1 (ref=0/0). LNS session is 'default'
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: start_pppd: I'm running:
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "/usr/sbin/pppd"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "passive"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "nodetach"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "192.168.1.93:192.168.42.10"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "refuse-pap"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "auth"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "require-chap"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "name"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "l2tpd"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "file"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "/etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: "/dev/pts/15"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter xl2tpd[21396]: Call established with [MY HOME IP], Local: 11552, Remote: 1, Serial: 0
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter pppd[31490]: pppd 2.4.6 started by root, uid 0
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter pppd[31490]: Using interface ppp0
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter pppd[31490]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/15
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: nm_device_get_device_type: assertion 'NM_IS_DEVICE (self)' failed
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): new Generic device (carrier: UNKNOWN, driver: 'unknown', ifindex: 12)
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> devices added (path: /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp0, iface: ppp0)
May 13 14:27:32 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> device added (path: /sys/devices/virtual/net/ppp0, iface: ppp0): no ifupdown configuration found.
May 13 14:27:35 jupiter pppd[31490]: user kmdgserver logged in on tty pts/15 intf ppp0
May 13 14:27:35 jupiter systemd[1]: Started Session c20 of user kmdgserver.
May 13 14:27:36 jupiter pppd[31490]: local IP address 192.168.1.93
May 13 14:27:36 jupiter pppd[31490]: remote IP address 192.168.42.10
May 13 14:27:36 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> keyfile: add connection in-memory ([SERVER KEY],"ppp0")
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'connection-assumed') [10 20 41]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: unavailable -> disconnected (reason 'connection-assumed') [20 30 41]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> Device 'ppp0' has no connection; scheduling activate_check in 0 seconds.
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): Activation: starting connection 'ppp0' ([SERVER KEY])
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none') [30 40 0]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: ip-config -> ip-check (reason 'none') [70 80 0]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: ip-check -> secondaries (reason 'none') [80 90 0]
May 13 14:27:37 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0]
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter NetworkManager[749]: <info> (ppp0): Activation: successful, device activated.
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter dbus[759]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service'
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter dbus[759]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter systemd[1]: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
May 13 14:27:39 jupiter nm-dispatcher: Dispatching action 'up' for ppp0
May 13 14:31:34 jupiter org.gnome.zeitgeist.SimpleIndexer[2238]: ** (zeitgeist-fts:3028): WARNING **: Unable to get info on application://nautilus-autostart.desktop
May 13 14:35:40 jupiter org.gnome.zeitgeist.SimpleIndexer[2238]: ** (zeitgeist-fts:3028): WARNING **: Unable to get info on application://nautilus-autostart.desktop
以及最近尝试的 auth.log：
May 13 14:27:30 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer [MY HOME IP]
May 13 14:27:30 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: OAKLEY_GROUP 20 not supported. Attribute OAKLEY_GROUP_DESCRIPTION
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: OAKLEY_GROUP 19 not supported. Attribute OAKLEY_GROUP_DESCRIPTION
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: Main mode peer ID is ID_IPV4_ADDR: '192.168.0.2'
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] #3: switched from "vpnpsk"[3] [MY HOME IP] to "vpnpsk"
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: deleting connection "vpnpsk" instance with peer [MY HOME IP] {isakmp=#0/ipsec=#0}
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R2 to state STATE_MAIN_R3
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: new NAT mapping for #3, was [MY HOME IP]:500, now [MY HOME IP]:4500
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: STATE_MAIN_R3: sent MR3, ISAKMP SA established {auth=PRESHARED_KEY cipher=aes_256 integ=sha group=MODP2048}
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: Configured DPD (RFC 3706) support not enabled because remote peer did not advertise DPD support
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: the peer proposed: [SERVER IP]/32:17/1701 -> 192.168.0.2/32:17/0
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #3: NAT-Traversal: received 2 NAT-OA. Using first, ignoring others
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: responding to Quick Mode proposal {msgid:01000000}
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: us: 192.168.1.93/32===192.168.1.93<192.168.1.93>[[SERVER IP]]:17/1701
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: them: [MY HOME IP][192.168.0.2]:17/1701===192.168.1.0/24
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R0 to state STATE_QUICK_R1
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: STATE_QUICK_R1: sent QR1, inbound IPsec SA installed, expecting QI2 transport mode {ESP/NAT=>0x3b5b2c52 <0xde6e289d xfrm=AES_128-HMAC_SHA1 NATOA=192.168.0.2 NATD=[MY HOME IP]:4500 DPD=active}
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: Configured DPD (RFC 3706) support not enabled because remote peer did not advertise DPD support
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R1 to state STATE_QUICK_R2
May 13 14:27:31 jupiter pluto[22203]: "vpnpsk"[4] [MY HOME IP] #4: STATE_QUICK_R2: IPsec SA established transport mode {ESP/NAT=>0x3b5b2c52 <0xde6e289d xfrm=AES_128-HMAC_SHA1 NATOA=192.168.0.2 NATD=[MY HOME IP]:4500 DPD=active}
May 13 14:27:33 jupiter pppd[31490]: pam_unix(ppp:session): session opened for user kmdgserver by (uid=0)
May 13 14:27:35 jupiter systemd-logind[753]: New session c20 of user kmdgserver.
May 13 14:29:15 jupiter smbd: pam_unix(samba:session): session opened for user kmdgserver by (uid=0)
May 13 14:30:15 jupiter smbd: pam_unix(samba:session): session closed for user kmdgserver
May 13 14:30:41 jupiter smbd: pam_unix(samba:session): session opened for user kmdgserver by (uid=0)
May 13 14:31:41 jupiter smbd: pam_unix(samba:session): session closed for user kmdgserver
答案1
IPsec VPN 脚本的作者在这里。为了解决此问题，请进行以下更改：
在 中/etc/ipsec.conf，删除此行：
rightsubnet=192.168.1.0/24
并取消注释此行：
#rightsubnetwithin=0.0.0.0/0
在 中/etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf，替换此行：
local ip = 192.168.1.93
内容如下：
local ip = 192.168.42.1
现在重启服务：
service ipsec restart
service xl2tpd restart
重新连接 VPN。然后使用此 IP 访问您的 SMB 共享：
\\192.168.42.1
注意：这是连接到 VPN 时服务器本身的 IP 地址。
让我知道这个是否奏效！