挂载在虚拟机中运行的 NFS 服务器:连接超时

挂载在虚拟机中运行的 NFS 服务器:连接超时

看来我偶然发现了虚拟机中 NFS 的这个普遍问题。长话短说,我尝试启动一个使用 NFS 的 FOG 服务器。

  • NFS 服务器 VM 主机处于桥接模式,IP 为:10.0.0.136
  • 可以从物理主机上的其他虚拟机挂载 NFS 共享,但不能从其他 LAN 设备挂载。
  • 无论我使用什么 VM 平台,虚拟机都处于 NAT Bridge 模式。
  • 防火墙已禁用-端口..是..打开..
  • 运行 VM 平台的物理机是 Windows 10 Home,禁用防火墙和 Intel 网络适配器。

问题: 当我从其他 LAN 设备安装时,我收到“连接超时”的提示,但 showmount 在 2 分 10 秒后响应。此测试是从同一 LAN 网络上的 Synology-NAS 执行的。

# mount -v -t nfs nfsserver:/images /volume1/test
mount.nfs: timeout set for Tue Jan 30 23:43:55 2018
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755
mount.nfs: mount(2): Connection timed out
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755
mount.nfs: mount(2): Connection timed out
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=3,tcp,soft,nolock,addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot TCP port 56755

# showmount -e nfsserver
Export list for 10.0.0.136:
/images/dev 10.0.0.0/24
/images     10.0.0.0/24

当我从同一 VM 平台上的另一个 VM 主机挂载时,它可以按预期工作 - 在本例中为 Debian 9/VirtualBox:即时挂载并即时“showmount -e”响应。

# mount -vt nfs nfsserver:/images /mnt/test
mount.nfs: timeout set for Wed Jan 31 01:03:30 2018
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'vers=4.2,addr=10.0.0.136,clientaddr=10.0.0.108'
mount.nfs: mount(2): No such file or directory
mount.nfs: trying text-based options 'addr=10.0.0.136'
mount.nfs: prog 100003, trying vers=3, prot=6
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100003 vers 3 prot TCP port 2049
mount.nfs: prog 100005, trying vers=3, prot=17
mount.nfs: trying 10.0.0.136 prog 100005 vers 3 prot UDP port 33485

这是我在 nfsserver 上的 /etc/exports:

# cat /etc/exports
/images 10.0.0.0/24(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0)
/images/dev 10.0.0.0/24(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)

这是防火墙(已禁用):

# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

服务正在监听:

# rpcinfo -p
   program vers proto   port  service
    100000    4   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   tcp    111  portmapper
    100000    4   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    3   udp    111  portmapper
    100000    2   udp    111  portmapper
    100005    1   udp  48327  mountd
    100005    1   tcp  47113  mountd
    100005    2   udp  50106  mountd
    100005    2   tcp  46029  mountd
    100005    3   udp  38832  mountd
    100005    3   tcp  46131  mountd
    100003    2   tcp   2049  nfs
    100003    3   tcp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   tcp   2049  nfs
    100227    2   tcp   2049
    100227    3   tcp   2049
    100003    2   udp   2049  nfs
    100003    3   udp   2049  nfs
    100003    4   udp   2049  nfs
    100227    2   udp   2049
    100227    3   udp   2049
    100021    1   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    3   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    4   udp  36259  nlockmgr
    100021    1   tcp  45767  nlockmgr
    100021    3   tcp  45767  nlockmgr
    100021    4   tcp  45767  nlockmgr

LAN 设备的端口扫描超时,显示开放端口:

# nmap -p 111,2049 -T4 -A nfsserver
Starting Nmap 7.40 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2018-01-31 00:22 CET
Nmap scan report for nfsserver (10.0.0.136)
Host is up (0.00079s latency).
rDNS record for 10.0.0.136: nfsserver
PORT     STATE SERVICE VERSION
111/tcp  open  rpcbind 2-4 (RPC #100000)
| rpcinfo:
|   program version   port/proto  service
|   100000  2,3,4        111/tcp  rpcbind
|   100000  2,3,4        111/udp  rpcbind
|   100003  2,3,4       2049/tcp  nfs
|   100003  2,3,4       2049/udp  nfs
|   100005  1,2,3      38832/udp  mountd
|   100005  1,2,3      46131/tcp  mountd
|   100021  1,3,4      36259/udp  nlockmgr
|   100021  1,3,4      45767/tcp  nlockmgr
|   100227  2,3         2049/tcp  nfs_acl
|_  100227  2,3         2049/udp  nfs_acl
2049/tcp open  nfs_acl 2-3 (RPC #100227)
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.33 seconds

/etc/hosts.allow并且/etc/hosts.deny都是空的:

# cat /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.deny
#

到目前为止,我已经在以下位置复制了该问题:

  • RHEL 7 / VirtualBox
  • Debian 9 / VirtualBox
  • Fedora 13 / VirtualBox
  • Debian 9 / VMWare Workstation Player 14
  • Ubuntu 16 / VMWare Workstation Player 14

很奇怪!尝试了将近一周后,我向你们投降了,强大的 Serverfault 之神

我很无知并且很谦虚!

如何挂载到虚拟机中运行的 NFS 服务器而不超时?

编辑:感谢格式化。我尝试对两端进行 tcpdump,似乎有些数据包从未到达虚拟机内的 NFS 服务器。这看起来像是 VirtualBox 内部的网络问题。但仍然一无所知。

答案1

我不知道为什么这个问题会发生在虚拟机中,但如果我使用版本 3 安装它就可以了。

mount -t nfs -o vers=3,nolock,proto=tcp nfsserver:/images /volume1/test

找到了解决方案,但无法真正解释..?

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