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更改 Linux Shell

tag-icon • tag-icon linux centos7 shell terminal-server terminal
更改 Linux Shell

在我的 Centos7 服务器上，我为用户提供了不同的 shell。

例如，以 root 身份运行的终端如下所示：

[root@hostname www]#。

作为不同用户的终端看起来像bash-4.2$。

如果我键入echo $0以获取当前使用的 shell，我将获得/bin/bash不同的用户和-bash我的根用户身份。

我是否必须为不同的用户配置 shell，以使其看起来像我的 root 的 shell？

有没有办法使用 Debian 中使用的 shell ( bash) 来查看我的位置的完整路径？（root@server:/var/www#而不是root@server www）。

感谢您的帮助。

答案1

听起来您的用户缺少框架文件、默认文件等.bashrc，.bash_profile这些文件通常会在创建用户时复制到用户的主目录中/etc/skel。如果这些文件丢失或损坏，您可以自行复制它们。

答案2

用户的提示由 shell 变量 PS1、PS2、PS3、PS4 的值决定。

PS1 – The value of this parameter is expanded and used as the primary prompt string. 
      The default value for Bash is \s-\v\$ .
PS2 – The value of this parameter is expanded as with PS1 and used as the secondary 
      prompt string. The default value for Bash is >
PS3 – The value of this parameter is used as the prompt for the select command
PS4 – The value of this parameter is expanded as with PS1 and the value is printed 
      before each command bash displays during an execution trace.

通常用户仅定制 PS1。

Bash 允许通过插入一个或多个转义的特殊字符来定制这些变量：

\a : ASCII bell character
\d : The date in “Weekday Month Date” format (e.g., “Tue May 26”)
\D{format} : the format is passed to strftime(3) and the result is inserted into
the prompt string; an empty format results in a locale-specific time representation. 
The braces are required
\e : Tne ASCII escape character
\h : The hostname up to the first ‘.’
\H : The full hostname
\j : The number of jobs currently managed by the shell
\l : The basename of the shell's terminal device name
\n : A newline
\s : The name of the shell
\t : The current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format
\T : The current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format
\@ : The current time in 12-hour am/pm format
\A : The current time in 24-hour HH:MM format
\u : The username of the current user
\v : The current version of bash (e.g., 2.00)
\V : The current release of bash, version and patch level (e.g., 4.12.0)
\w : The current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde
\W : The basename of the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated 
     with a tilde
\! : The history number of this command
\# : The command number of this command
\$ : If the effective UID is 0, a #, otherwise a $
\nnn : The character corresponding to the octal number nnn
\\ : A backslash
\[ : Begin sequence of non-printing characters, which could be used to embed 
     a terminal control sequence into the prompt
\] : End sequence of non-printing characters

例子：

fpm@fpmurphy ~]$ PS1="[\d \t \u@\h:\w ] $ "
[Sun Jul 05 23:44:17 fpm@fpmurphy:~ ] $

为了在重新启动或注销后保留自定义提示，请将提示添加到用户$HOME/.bashrc，或使其成为所有用户的默认提示，请根据您的发行版将其添加到/etc/bashrc或创建一个条目。/etc/bashrc.d

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