Ubuntu 服务器无法启动 - HDD 问题

Ubuntu 服务器无法启动 - HDD 问题

我遇到了一个大问题,我的 Ubuntu 服务器在重启后无法启动,Hetzner 数据中心的人启动了系统并在 sda 上发现了这个问题:

-----------------%<-----------------
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   001   001   036    Pre-fail  Always
FAILING_NOW 4095
-----------------%<-----------------

3 个 1.5TB HDD 组成 RAID5,sda 上有引导加载程序。他们坚持要用新的硬盘替换 sda,所以我确认了。
之后他们又给我寄回了另一件东西,sdc 也损坏了……
直到今天早上 7:30 一切都正常。之后服务器冻结,重启后两个硬盘损坏……有点奇怪,但没有时间考虑这个。

他们returned corrupted sda back,这样“我就可以恢复一些数据...”但问题是我被卡住了。我试图在live-rescue-system 并安装 grub,但有这个错误:

root@rescue ~ # grub-install /dev/sdb
/usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is
/dev mounted?).
root@rescue ~ # mkdir /media/sdb
root@rescue ~ # mount /dev/sdb /media/sdb
mount: you must specify the filesystem type
root@rescue ~ # mount /dev/sdb /media/sdb -t auto
mount: you must specify the filesystem type
root@rescue ~ # mount /dev/sdb /media/sdb -t ext3
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb,
         missing codepage or helper program, or other error
         In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
         dmesg | tail  or so 

有人可以帮我尝试启动 Ubuntu 服务器或者以某种方式从任何磁盘恢复数据吗?

额外信息:

root@rescue ~ # ll /dev/sd
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8,  0 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/sda
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8,  1 Nov 18 14:06 /dev/sda1
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8,  2 Nov 18 14:06 /dev/sda2
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8, 17 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/sdb1
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8, 18 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/sdb2
brw-rw---T 1 root disk 8, 32 Nov 18 14:06 /dev/sdc


root@rescue ~ # df -h
Filesystem          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs               12G  3.0M   12G   1% /
udev                 12G     0   12G   0% /dev
188.40.24.212:/nfs  1.4T  592G  722G  46% /root/.oldroot/nfs
aufs                 12G  3.0M   12G   1% /
tmpfs               2.4G  264K  2.4G   1% /run
tmpfs               5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs               4.8G     0  4.8G   0% /run/shm


root@rescue ~ # ll /dev/loo*
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   0 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop0
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   1 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop1
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   2 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop2
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   3 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop3
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   4 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop4
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   5 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop5
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   6 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop6
brw-rw---T 1 root disk  7,   7 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop7
crw------T 1 root root 10, 237 Nov 18 14:04 /dev/loop-control

root@rescue ~ # fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1500.3 GB, 1500301910016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 182401 cylinders, total 2930277168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cdbda

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            3906     1060289      528192   fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2         1060290  2930272064  1464605887+  fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/sda: 1500.3 GB, 1500301910016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 182401 cylinders, total 2930277168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000c5b77

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            3906     1060289      528192   fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2         1060290  2930272064  1464605887+  fd  Linux raid autodetect

Disk /dev/md0: 540 MB, 540803072 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 132032 cylinders, total 1056256 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
root@rescue ~ # cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid1] 
md1 : inactive sda2[0](S)
      1464605760 blocks

md0 : active raid1 sda1[0]
      528128 blocks [3/1] [U__]

unused devices: <none>

答案1

您只能安装分区,不是全部设备. 设备 – 通常命名为陣容如果是 SATA 驱动器(可以容纳多个分区),则以它们所在的设备命名,并添加数字,例如sdx1对于第一个分区陣容

对于您来说,显然在创建这两个目录之后,请尝试mount /dev/sdb1 /media/partition1并。mount /dev/sdb2 /media/partition2

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