我第一次尝试卸载 Virtualbox 时收到此错误。错误是：
root@Amar:~# sudo apt-get autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 1659 not upgraded.
4 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 359 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 445742 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic (4.4.0-21.37) ...
depmod: FATAL: could not load /boot/System.map-4.4.0-21-generic: No such file or directory
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-21-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
E: busybox or busybox-static, version 1:1.22.0-17~ or later, is required but not installed
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic (4.4.0-22.40) ...
depmod: FATAL: could not load /boot/System.map-4.4.0-22-generic: No such file or directory
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-22-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic
E: busybox or busybox-static, version 1:1.22.0-17~ or later, is required but not installed
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-22-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic (4.4.0-24.43) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-24- generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-24-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.4.0-24-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-24-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-24-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-24-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-24-generic
E: busybox or busybox-static, version 1:1.22.0-17~ or later, is required but not installed
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-24-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
不知何故，软件包卸载/安装但不完全。
清除和自动删除根本不起作用。
我也尝试安装 busybox 以及运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get -f install
但什么也没起作用。
答案1
有趣的是，我注意到了这一点：
E: busybox or busybox-static, version 1:1.22.0-17~ or later, is required but not installed
您能否验证是否安装了 busybox-static。看来它是运行删除后脚本所必需的。尝试一下看看它是否已安装。
$ dpkg -l | grep busybox-static
它应该给出如下输出：
ii busybox-static 1:1.22.0-15ubuntu1 amd64 Standalone rescue shell with tons of builtin utilities
两个“ii”表示已安装，同时显示版本。如果您有除“ii”以外的其他内容，请尝试安装 busybox-static：
apt-get install busybox-static
我确实知道您说您无法安装任何东西，所以它可能无法工作。
所以，让我们明确一点。你实际上永远都不需要这样做，但在某些情况下，这只是最后的手段。你可以清楚地看到，是“移除后脚本”失败了。软件包的脚本位于/var/lib/dpkg/info。我们基本上会告诉你的软件包管理器，移除后不应该发生任何事情。这是谎言，但有时，你需要撒谎来解决问题。结过婚的人都知道这一点。
开始，获取 root 权限：
jawtheshark@shark:~$ sudo bash
[sudo] password for jawtheshark:
root@shark:~#
切换到我提到的目录：
root@shark:~# cd /var/lib/dpkg/info
root@shark:/var/lib/dpkg/info#
此时，我们要做几件事：
- 备份删除后的脚本，以防你以后想回滚
- 给删除后脚本一个新命令，基本上就是“什么都不做”
导致问题的软件包名为linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic、linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic和linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic。删除后的脚本以 为后缀.postrm。让我们备份这些脚本：
root@shark:/var/lib/dpkg/info# for n in 21 22 24; do cp linux-image-extra-4.4.0-$n-generic.postrm linux-image-extra-4.4.0-$n-generic.postrm.backup ; done
root@shark:/var/lib/dpkg/info# ls *.backup
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic.postrm.backup linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic.postrm.backup
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic.postrm.backup
root@shark:/var/lib/dpkg/info#
如您所见，您现在有了每个脚本的备份文件。现在让我们“更新”这些脚本：
root@shark:/var/lib/dpkg/info# for n in 21 22 24; do printf '#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n' > linux-image-extra-4.4.0-$n-generic.postrm ; done
这将在指定的文件中写入以下脚本：
#!/bin/sh
exit 0
理论上，删除后脚本不会再失败，因此 apt 会认为一切正常，并继续执行。
再次强调：这是不可取的，只有在别无选择的情况下才应该这样做。这可能无法真正解决问题，因为据我所知，initramfs-tools 存在问题，导致这些脚本中止。