如何让“apt-get update”在没有互联网访问和手动分配 IP 地址的机器上工作?

如何让“apt-get update”在没有互联网访问和手动分配 IP 地址的机器上工作?

我已经在一台可以访问互联网的机器上成功设置apt-mirror并下载了最新的 ubuntu 软件包。目标是在apt-get update无法访问互联网的目标机器上执行操作时,将此机器用作存储库。两台机器都设置了手动 IP 地址,并且两台机器都运行 Ubuntu 16.04 作为操作系统。etc/apt/sources.list目标机器中只有一行:

deb http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe

但是当我sudo apt-get update在目标机器上执行此操作时,出现以下错误:

Ign:1 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main InRelease
Ign:2 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main Release
Ign:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:14 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe all Packages
Ign:16 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en_HK
Ign:17 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en
Ign:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:14 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe all Packages
Ign:16 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en_HK
Ign:17 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en
Ign:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:14 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe all Packages
Ign:16 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en_HK
Ign:17 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en
Ign:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:14 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe all Packages
Ign:16 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en_HK
Ign:17 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en
Ign:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Ign:14 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe i386 Packages
Ign:15 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe all Packages
Ign:16 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en_HK
Ign:17 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe Translation-en
Err:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages
  404  Not Found
Ign:4 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted i386 Packages
Ign:5 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted all Packages
Ign:6 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en_HK
Ign:7 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted Translation-en
Ign:8 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse amd64 Packages
Ign:9 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse i386 Packages
Ign:10 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse all Packages
Ign:11 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en_HK
Ign:12 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/multiverse Translation-en
Ign:13 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/universe amd64 Packages
Reading package lists... Done
W: The repository 'http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: Failed to fetch http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/dists/main/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

在目标机器上:

  1. /etc/resolve.conf文件包含以下内容:

    # Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
    #     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
    nameserver 127.0.1.1
    
  2. 包含/etc/network/interfaces以下内容:

    # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
    auto lo
    iface lo inet loopback
    

此外,由于输出中唯一apt-get update明确指出错误的行是Err:3 http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial main/restricted amd64 Packages,我通过在目标机器上执行以下操作来检查该文件是否存在

wget http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages

我看到该文件在那里,因为我得到以下输出:

--2017-12-21 17:23:24--  http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages
Connecting to <local_repo_IP>:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 127112 (124K)
Saving to: ‘Packages’

Packages                100%[============================>] 124.13K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      

2017-12-21 17:23:24 (469 MB/s) - ‘Packages’ saved [127112/127112]

我还检查了是否可以从目标机器成功 ping 到 repo 机器。结果也是可以的。

PING <local_repo_IP> (<local_repo_IP>) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from <local_repo_IP>: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.169 ms
64 bytes from <local_repo_IP>: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.671 ms
64 bytes from <local_repo_IP>: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms
64 bytes from <local_repo_IP>: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.190 ms
64 bytes from <local_repo_IP>: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.315 ms
^C
--- <local_repo_IP> ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4047ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.169/0.306/0.671/0.190 ms

那么, 有什么问题apt-get update?我该如何修复它并让它工作?

附言我刚刚注意到错误信息是http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/dists/main/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages。为什么它试图restricted在 main 中查找包?它不应该在 中查找吗http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages?事实上,当我这样做时wget http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/dists/main/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages,它给出了以下错误:

--2017-12-21 17:26:06--  http://<local_repo_IP>/ubuntu/dists/xenial/dists/main/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages
Connecting to <local_repo_IP>:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found
2017-12-21 17:26:06 ERROR 404: Not Found.

这是怎么回事?为什么它要检查不存在的目录?我该如何指向apt-get update正确的路径?

答案1

我发现解决方案是编辑文件etc/apt/sources.list以仅包含系统架构的文件:

deb [arch=amd64] http://192.168.12.61/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe

现在,当我进行更新时,它不会给出任何错误:

$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://192.168.12.61/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.

只是想将其发布出来,作为可能遇到同样问题的任何人的可能解决方案。

答案2

我对 [amd-64] 的看法是...例如,在您的 /etc/apt/sources.list 中,您已启用 google chrome 更新 deb [arch=amd64]http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/稳定主线

您可以看到这是唯一包含 [amd-64] 的条目,并且它来自谷歌来源。

在你第一次提到“debhttp://192......”,也许您的更新在到达 sources.list 中提到的 chrome 更新时停滞了,因为并没有特别提到这一点。

或者,看看sudo apt-cache 策略、sources.list 和 sources.list.d

最终,我可能会冒险在自己的实验室中复制这一点,然后再进一步回答。

相关内容