我的硬盘一直运行良好，但突然间，在传输大量数据（约 250GB）后，我感觉硬盘运行速度有点慢。所以我决定卸载并重新安装硬盘，相信这样可以解决问题，但一旦我卸载硬盘，它就不会再重新安装。 :(
这是我第一次遇到硬盘上剩余空间这么少的情况，2TB 中只剩下大约 2.5GB 的可用空间。以前，我总是保留大约 50-60GB 的可用空间。我认为硬盘空间太满导致了这个问题。我不确定。:(
我能够访问硬盘中的数据并使用 M3 Partition Recovery 软件恢复数据。由于该软件能够访问我的硬盘，所以我相信这个问题应该可以解决，但我不知道该怎么做。
这是我尝试重新安装硬盘时遇到的错误：
我的硬盘详细信息：
以下是我为解决该问题所尝试的一些方法：
ntfs修复：我尝试使用 ntfsfix，但它无法解决问题，并给出错误“无法加载 $MFT”
ntfs-3g：我得到了与上面相同的错误，即“无法加载 $MFT”
文件系统检查：我用过这个，但是没什么作用。
在 Windows 中使用 chkdsk 修复问题：我有双启动，所以我启动到 Windows 并在 Windows 上运行 chkdsk /f，然后重新启动到 Windows 两次。”然后我运行“chkdsk /f X：其中 X 是外部驱动器。但 chkdsk 也无法解决问题。注意：所有上述 chkdsk 操作均以管理员权限执行。
- 我还使用了“M3 分区恢复“在 Windows 上，它可以很好地访问我的硬盘并从中提取数据，但它似乎无法解决问题，虽然它显示“问题已解决”，但我仍然无法访问硬盘。正如您在下面的屏幕截图中看到的那样：
所以我决定使用 Testdisk，这是一个非常漫长而乏味的过程：
5）测试盘：以下是整个过程的所有截图以及“深度搜索”的日志文件，深度搜索大约需要 18 个小时。以下是所有文件：
在上面的截图中，我选择了第一个选项而不是第三个选项，尽管截图中突出显示了第三个选项，但我实际上并没有选择继续。
深度搜索操作的日志文件：
Thu Oct 28 11:27:07 2021
Command line: TestDisk
TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]>
http://www.cgsecurity.org
OS: Linux, kernel 4.15.0-66-generic (#75~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 1 14:01:08 UTC 2019) x86_64
Compiler: GCC 5.3
ext2fs lib: 1.42.13, ntfs lib: libntfs-3g, reiserfs lib: none, ewf lib: none, curses lib: ncurses 6.0
/dev/sda: LBA, HPA, LBA48, DCO support
/dev/sda: size 250069680 sectors
/dev/sda: user_max 250069680 sectors
/dev/sda: native_max 250069680 sectors
/dev/sda: dco 250069680 sectors
Warning: can't get size for Disk /dev/mapper/control - 0 B - 0 sectors, sector size=512
Hard disk list
Disk /dev/sda - 128 GB / 119 GiB - CHS 15566 255 63, sector size=512 - SanDisk SSD U100 128GB, S/N:122853312102, FW:10.56.04
Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 62016335 1 63, sector size=512 - Seagate FA GoFlex Desk, FW:0155
Partition table type (auto): Intel
Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - Seagate FA GoFlex Desk
Partition table type: Intel
Analyse Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 62016335 1 63
Geometry from i386 MBR: head=1 sector=63
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=1 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=1
Current partition structure:
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
1 * HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
search_part()
Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 62016335 1 63
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
filesystem size 3907024065
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 244189004
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=1 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=1
Warning: the current number of heads per cylinder is 1 but the correct value may be 128.
Results
* HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
Hint for advanced users. dmsetup may be used if you prefer to avoid to rewrite the partition table for the moment:
echo "0 3907024065 linear /dev/sdb 63" | dmsetup create test0
interface_write()
1 * HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
search_part()
Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 62016335 1 63
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
filesystem size 3907024065
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 244189004
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
BAD_RS LBA=1263756759 43696
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 20059631 0 7 51166304 0 26 1959720419
BAD_RS LBA=1079596174 34696
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 06
FAT16 >32M 17136447 0 14 35899043 0 62 1182043597
BAD_RS LBA=2970128932 69003
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0B
FAT32 47144903 0 44 50248592 0 26 195532390
BAD_RS LBA=1756227370 59103
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 07
HPFS - NTFS 27876624 0 59 94453147 0 12 4194320903
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=1756227370, size=4194320903, end=5950548272, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=3869828590 65342
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0C
FAT32 LBA 61425850 0 41 106776923 0 25 2857117584
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=3869828590, size=2857117584, end=6726946173, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=1031325279 17335
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 16370242 0 34 61819040 0 36 2863274277
BAD_RS LBA=2137074000 36283
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 33921809 0 34 101997321 0 55 4288757278
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=2137074000, size=4288757278, end=6425831277, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4592864492 49226
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 01
FAT12 72902610 0 63 113368966 0 56 2549380422
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4592864492, size=2549380422, end=7142244913, disk end=3907029167)
LVM magic value at 11775090/0/1
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/152, s_mnt_count=1/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 4999744
recover_EXT2: part_size 39997952
Linux 12156353 0 1 12791241 0 8 39997952
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 20 GB / 19 GiB
BAD_RS LBA=3920760379 31127
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 01
FAT12 62234291 0 47 73953843 0 10 738331740
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=3920760379, size=738331740, end=4659092118, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=3473508731 34686
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 55135059 0 15 79359492 0 60 1526139325
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=3473508731, size=1526139325, end=4999648055, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=2761860265 61462
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0C
FAT32 LBA 43839051 0 53 68303526 0 47 1541261920
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=2761860265, size=1541261920, end=4303122184, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=2008456376 19143
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 31880259 0 60 39448208 0 16 476780744
block_group_nr 81
recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 2654208 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=81/160, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 5242880
recover_EXT2: part_size 41943040
Linux 24604289 0 49 25270052 0 19 41943040
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 21 GB / 20 GiB
block_group_nr 1
recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/160, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 5242880
recover_EXT2: part_size 41943040
Linux 25024102 0 14 25689864 0 47 41943040
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 21 GB / 20 GiB
block_group_nr 5
recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 163840 -B 4096 device" may be needed
recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=5/152, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8176
recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096
recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 4999744
recover_EXT2: part_size 39997952
Linux 25007510 0 62 25642399 0 6 39997952
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 20 GB / 19 GiB
BAD_RS LBA=4081361525 46634
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 64783516 0 18 76332589 0 47 727591629
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4081361525, size=727591629, end=4808953153, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=5070440163 61298
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 06
FAT16 >32M 80483177 0 13 108877749 0 59 1788858083
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=5070440163, size=1788858083, end=6859298245, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4746841335 15033
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 75346687 0 55 103742355 0 46 1788927076
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4746841335, size=1788927076, end=6535768410, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4482678695 50522
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 06
FAT16 >32M 71153630 0 6 134068740 0 61 3963651986
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4482678695, size=3963651986, end=8446330680, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=5577961975 64489
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 06
FAT16 >32M 88539078 0 62 133171557 0 60 2811846176
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=5577961975, size=2811846176, end=8389808150, disk end=3907029167)
check_FAT: Bad jump in FAT partition
BAD_RS LBA=5807733636 40172
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0B
FAT32 92186248 0 13 114644307 0 4 1414857709
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=5807733636, size=1414857709, end=7222591344, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4178106140 5567
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 06
FAT16 >32M 66319145 0 6 133706624 0 18 4245411190
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4178106140, size=4245411190, end=8423517329, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4562646535 15285
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0B
FAT32 72422960 0 56 108166168 0 62 2251822111
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4562646535, size=2251822111, end=6814468645, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=7252457593 28590
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0E
FAT16 LBA 115118374 0 32 130190502 0 5 949544038
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=7252457593, size=949544038, end=8202001630, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4313139787 41552
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 07
HPFS - NTFS 68462536 0 20 136636488 0 51 4294959008
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4313139787, size=4294959008, end=8608098794, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=3305519159 64159
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 07
HPFS - NTFS 52468558 0 6 116817302 0 45 4053970912
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=3305519159, size=4053970912, end=7359490070, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=3623691655 32186
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0E
FAT16 LBA 57518915 0 11 98152942 0 41 2559943732
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=3623691655, size=2559943732, end=6183635386, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4219958171 15474
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 01
FAT12 66983463 0 3 122472769 0 5 3495826281
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4219958171, size=3495826281, end=7715784451, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=5350664250 57787
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 01
FAT12 84931178 0 37 150159371 0 8 4109376131
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=5350664250, size=4109376131, end=9460040380, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=4072018291 49631
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 0B
FAT32 64635210 0 62 118417268 0 52 3388269645
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=4072018291, size=3388269645, end=7460287935, disk end=3907029167)
BAD_RS LBA=6477827640 22907
check_FAT: can't read FAT boot sector
check_part_i386 failed for partition type 04
FAT16 <32M 102822660 0 61 110882235 0 45 507753210
This partition ends after the disk limits. (start=6477827640, size=507753210, end=6985580849, disk end=3907029167)
NTFS at 62016255/0/63
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
filesystem size 3907024065
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 244189004
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS found using backup sector, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
Disk /dev/sdb - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 62016335 1 63
Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection...
The harddisk (2000 GB / 1863 GiB) seems too small! (< 4843 GB / 4510 GiB)
The following partitions can't be recovered:
HPFS - NTFS 27876624 0 59 94453147 0 12 4194320903
FAT16 <32M 33921809 0 34 101997321 0 55 4288757278
FAT32 LBA 43839051 0 53 68303526 0 47 1541261920
HPFS - NTFS 52468558 0 6 116817302 0 45 4053970912
FAT16 <32M 55135059 0 15 79359492 0 60 1526139325
FAT16 LBA 57518915 0 11 98152942 0 41 2559943732
FAT32 LBA 61425850 0 41 106776923 0 25 2857117584
FAT12 62234291 0 47 73953843 0 10 738331740
FAT32 64635210 0 62 118417268 0 52 3388269645
FAT16 <32M 64783516 0 18 76332589 0 47 727591629
FAT16 >32M 66319145 0 6 133706624 0 18 4245411190
FAT12 66983463 0 3 122472769 0 5 3495826281
HPFS - NTFS 68462536 0 20 136636488 0 51 4294959008
FAT16 >32M 71153630 0 6 134068740 0 61 3963651986
FAT32 72422960 0 56 108166168 0 62 2251822111
FAT12 72902610 0 63 113368966 0 56 2549380422
FAT16 <32M 75346687 0 55 103742355 0 46 1788927076
FAT16 >32M 80483177 0 13 108877749 0 59 1788858083
FAT12 84931178 0 37 150159371 0 8 4109376131
FAT16 >32M 88539078 0 62 133171557 0 60 2811846176
FAT32 92186248 0 13 114644307 0 4 1414857709
FAT16 <32M 102822660 0 61 110882235 0 45 507753210
FAT16 LBA 115118374 0 32 130190502 0 5 949544038
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=1 nbr=4
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=3
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=3
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=3
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=3
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=1
Results
HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
Linux 12156353 0 1 12791241 0 63 39998007
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Recover, 20 GB / 19 GiB
FAT16 <32M 16370242 0 34 61819040 0 36 2863274277
FAT16 >32M 17136447 0 14 35899043 0 62 1182043597
FAT16 <32M 20059631 0 7 51166304 0 26 1959720419
Linux 24604289 0 49 25270052 0 19 41943040
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 21 GB / 20 GiB
Linux 25007510 0 62 25642399 0 6 39997952
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 20 GB / 19 GiB
Linux 25024102 0 14 25689864 0 47 41943040
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 21 GB / 20 GiB
FAT16 <32M 31880259 0 60 39448208 0 16 476780744
FAT32 47144903 0 44 50248592 0 26 195532390
Hint for advanced users. dmsetup may be used if you prefer to avoid to rewrite the partition table for the moment:
echo "0 3907024065 linear /dev/sdb 63" | dmsetup create test0
echo "0 39998007 linear /dev/sdb 765850239" | dmsetup create test1
echo "0 2863274277 linear /dev/sdb 1031325279" | dmsetup create test2
echo "0 1182043597 linear /dev/sdb 1079596174" | dmsetup create test3
echo "0 1959720419 linear /dev/sdb 1263756759" | dmsetup create test4
echo "0 41943040 linear /dev/sdb 1550070255" | dmsetup create test5
echo "0 39997952 linear /dev/sdb 1575473191" | dmsetup create test6
echo "0 41943040 linear /dev/sdb 1576518439" | dmsetup create test7
echo "0 476780744 linear /dev/sdb 2008456376" | dmsetup create test8
echo "0 195532390 linear /dev/sdb 2970128932" | dmsetup create test9
interface_write()
No partition found or selected for recovery
simulate write!
write_mbr_i386: starting...
write_all_log_i386: starting...
No extended partition
Interface Advanced
Geometry from i386 MBR: head=1 sector=63
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=1 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=8 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=16 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=32 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=64 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=128 nbr=2
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=240 nbr=1
get_geometry_from_list_part_aux head=255 nbr=1
1 * HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
ntfs_boot_sector
1 * HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
filesystem size 3907024065
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 244189004
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
Boot sector
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
Status: OK
Backup boot sector
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
Status: OK
Sectors are identical.
A valid NTFS Boot sector must be present in order to access
any data; even if the partition is not bootable.
ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress() failed: Input/output error
Failed to load $MFT: Input/output error
ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress() failed: Input/output error
Failed to load $MFT: Input/output error
ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress() failed: Input/output error
Failed to load $MFT: Input/output error
ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress() failed: Input/output error
Failed to load $MFT: Input/output error
repair_MFT
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
ntfs_device_testdisk_io_ioctl() unimplemented
ntfs_device_testdisk_io_ioctl() unimplemented
ntfs_device_testdisk_io_ioctl() unimplemented
ntfs_device_testdisk_io_ioctl() unimplemented
MFT and MFT mirror are bad. Failed to repair them.
MFT and MFT mirror are bad. Failed to repair them.
ntfs_boot_sector
1 * HPFS - NTFS 1 0 1 62016255 0 63 3907024065
NTFS, blocksize=4096, 2000 GB / 1863 GiB
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
NTFS at 1/0/1
heads/cylinder 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
filesystem size 3907024065
sectors_per_cluster 8
mft_lcn 786432
mftmirr_lcn 244189004
clusters_per_mft_record -10
clusters_per_index_record 1
Boot sector
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
Status: OK
Backup boot sector
Warning: number of heads/cylinder mismatches 255 (NTFS) != 1 (HD)
Status: OK
Sectors are identical.
A valid NTFS Boot sector must be present in order to access
any data; even if the partition is not bootable.
New options :
Dump : No
Align partition: Yes
Expert mode : No
TestDisk exited normally.
我读到过一些关于使用 testdisk 的文章，但是我不知道如何真正地用它解决问题。:( 因为我从来没有用过它，所以我真的不明白所有这些信息意味着什么。:( 如果有人能帮助我解决这个问题，我将永远感激不尽！谢谢！
Gnome 磁盘实用程序说磁盘没有问题，但有 4880 个坏扇区，所以我相信如果我们能够弄清楚如何修复这些坏扇区，那么这个问题就可以解决。