我遇到这个问题已经有一段时间了。我找了很多地方寻求解决方案。但都没有奏效。
这是我的 ALSA 信息
!!################################
!!ALSA Information Script v 0.5.0
!!################################
!!Script ran on: Tue Nov 16 15:49:58 UTC 2021
!!Linux 发行版 !!------------------
Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
!!DMI 信息 !!---------------
Manufacturer: Dell Inc.
Product Name: Vostro 3559
Product Version:
Firmware Version: 1.2.6
System SKU: 06C2
Board Vendor: Dell Inc.
Board Name:
!!ACPI 设备状态信息 !!---------------
/sys/bus/acpi/设备/ACPI0003:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/ACPI000C:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/DELLABCE:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/DLLC6C2:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/DLLK06C2:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/INT33A1:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/INT33D0:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/INT340E:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/INT344B:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/INT3F0D:00/状态15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/LNXPOWER:00/状态 1 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/LNXPOWER:01/状态 1 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/LNXPOWER:02/状态 1 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/MSFT0101:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0103:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0C02:03/状态 3 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0C02:04/状态 3 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0C09:00/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0C0A:00/状态 31 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:00/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:01/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:02/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:03/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:04/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:05/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:06/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/PNP0C0F:07/状态 9 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/设备：51/状态 15 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/设备：52/状态 15 /sys/总线/acpi/设备/设备：53/状态 15 /sys/bus/acpi/设备/设备：66/状态 11
!!内核信息!!------------------
Kernel release: 5.4.0-90-generic
Operating System: GNU/Linux
Architecture: x86_64
Processor: x86_64
SMP Enabled: Yes
!!ALSA 版本 !!------------
Driver version: k5.4.0-90-generic
Library version: 1.1.3
Utilities version: 1.1.3
!!已加载 ALSA 模块!!-------------------
!!此系统上的声音服务器!!----------------------------
Pulseaudio:
Installed - Yes (/usr/bin/pulseaudio)
Running - No
!!ALSA 识别的声卡!!-----------------------------
--- 没有声卡 ---
!!系统中安装了 PCI 声卡!!-----------------------------------------
!!Modprobe 选项 (声音相关) !!--------------------------------
snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_usb_caiaq: index=-2
snd_usb_ua101: index=-2
snd_usb_us122l: index=-2
snd_usb_usx2y: index=-2
snd_cmipci: mpu_port=0x330 fm_port=0x388
snd_hda_intel: model=laptop position_fix=1
!!已加载声音模块选项!!------------------------------
!!Sysfs 卡信息 !!---------------
!!卡：/sys/class/sound/card* 驱动程序：树：
!!ALSA 设备节点 !!-----------------
crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 1 Nov 16 20:53 /dev/snd/seq
crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 33 Nov 16 20:53 /dev/snd/timer
!!Aplay/Arecord 输出 !!--------------------
APLAY
aplay: device_list:270: no soundcards found...
ARECORD
arecord: device_list:270: no soundcards found...
!!Amixer output
!!-------------
!!Alsactl output
!!--------------
--startcollapse--
--endcollapse--
!!所有模块已加载!!------------------
acpi_pad
aesni_intel
ahci
aufs
autofs4
bluetooth
bnep
bpfilter
br_netfilter
bridge
btbcm
btintel
btrtl
btusb
ccm
cfg80211
cmac
coretemp
crc32_pclmul
crct10dif_pclmul
cryptd
crypto_simd
dcdbas
dell_laptop
dell_rbtn
dell_smbios
dell_smm_hwmon
dell_wmi
dell_wmi_descriptor
drm
drm_kms_helper
ebtable_filter
ebtables
ecc
ecdh_generic
fb_sys_fops
ghash_clmulni_intel
glue_helper
hid
hid_generic
hid_rmi
i2c_algo_bit
i2c_hid
i915
idma64
input_leds
intel_cstate
intel_lpss
intel_lpss_pci
intel_pch_thermal
intel_powerclamp
intel_rapl_common
intel_rapl_msr
intel_xhci_usb_role_switch
ip6_tables
ip6t_REJECT
ip6t_rt
ip6table_filter
ip_tables
ipt_REJECT
iptable_filter
iptable_mangle
iptable_nat
iwlmvm
iwlwifi
joydev
kvm
kvm_intel
ledtrig_audio
libahci
libarc4
libcrc32c
llc
lp
mac80211
mac_hid
mc
mei
mei_hdcp
mei_me
memstick
nf_conntrack
nf_conntrack_broadcast
nf_conntrack_ftp
nf_conntrack_netbios_ns
nf_conntrack_netlink
nf_defrag_ipv4
nf_defrag_ipv6
nf_log_common
nf_log_ipv4
nf_log_ipv6
nf_nat
nf_nat_ftp
nf_reject_ipv4
nf_reject_ipv6
nfnetlink
nls_iso8859_1
overlay
parport
parport_pc
pinctrl_intel
pinctrl_sunrisepoint
ppdev
psmouse
r8169
rapl
realtek
rmi_core
roles
rtsx_usb
rtsx_usb_ms
rtsx_usb_sdmmc
sch_fq_codel
serio_raw
snd
snd_hda_codec
snd_hda_core
snd_hda_intel
snd_hwdep
snd_intel_dspcfg
snd_pcm
snd_rawmidi
snd_seq_device
snd_timer
snd_usb_audio
snd_usbmidi_lib
soundcore
sparse_keymap
stp
syscopyarea
sysfillrect
sysimgblt
usbhid
uvcvideo
veth
video
videobuf2_common
videobuf2_memops
videobuf2_v4l2
videobuf2_vmalloc
videodev
virt_dma
wmi
wmi_bmof
x86_pkg_temp_thermal
x_tables
xfrm_algo
xfrm_user
xt_CHECKSUM
xt_LOG
xt_MASQUERADE
xt_addrtype
xt_conntrack
xt_hl
xt_limit
xt_nat
xt_tcpudp
!!ALSA/HDA dmesg !!-----------
[ 0.119222] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video)
[ 0.119222] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)
[ 0.119222] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics)
--
[ 41.384067] input: Live! Cam Sync 1080p: Live! Cam as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/input/input18
[ 42.023177] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[ 42.107235] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlp1s0 OUT= MAC= SRC=2409:4072:0186:ef83:21e9:c7ad:55e3:0184 DST=ff02:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=64 TC=0 HOPLIMIT=1 FLOWLBL=327293 PROTO=UDP SPT=8612 DPT=8612 LEN=24
!!软件包已安装!!--------------------
ii alsa-oss 1.0.28-1ubuntu1 amd64 ALSA wrapper for OSS applications
ii alsa-tools 1.1.3-1 amd64 Console based ALSA utilities for specific hardware
ii alsa-tools-gui 1.1.3-1 amd64 GUI based ALSA utilities for specific hardware
ii alsa-utils 1.1.3-1ubuntu1 amd64 Utilities for configuring and using ALSA
如果有人能帮助我，我将非常感激。
答案1
一段时间以来，我发现当我重新启动台式计算机（最初是 Ubuntu 16.04，已更新至 18.04）时，声音不起作用，直到我拔下扬声器上的音频线并将其重新插入到盒子上。
我不知道您的扬声器和盒子之间是否有电缆，但如果有，您可以尝试一下这个。
答案2
BIOS
戴尔 Vostro 3559
您的 BIOS 版本为 1.2.6，现在有较新的 BIOS 版本 1.8.0，您可以下载这里。
笔记：确认我拥有适合您型号的正确网页。
笔记：更新 BIOS 之前请做好备份。
声音
虽然我无法提供正确的参数，但我强烈怀疑解决声音问题将是对 /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf 的编辑。
示例（一次只能使用一个）：
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-headset-multi
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-vostro position_fix=0 enable=yes
options snd-hda-intel model=auto
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-vostro-3500
然后重新启动并重新测试声音。
有关其他信息，请参阅：
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HdaIntelSoundHowto
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebuggingSoundProblems
https://docs.slackware.com/howtos:hardware:audio_and_snd-hda-intel
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/sound/hd-audio/notes.html
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/sound/hd-audio/models.html