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我如何知道哪些更新来自哪个定义的存储库？

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我如何知道哪些更新来自哪个定义的存储库？

如果我在我的 Ubuntu18（Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS）测试机上运行以下命令，我会看到以下定义的存储库：

root@ubuntu18:/root# cat /etc/apt/sources.list | grep -v '#'
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

跑步apt 列表--可升级显示我有可用的更新，但是我想知道每个更新来自哪个存储库，或者运行命令来遍历每个定义的存储库并显示相应的更新列表。

答案1

正如您所知，您可以使用以下命令列出可升级的软件包：

apt list --upgradable

...例如在我的系统上显示：

$ apt list --upgradable
Listing... Done
gdb/lunar 13.1-2ubuntu2 amd64 [upgradable from: 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04]
google-chrome-stable/stable 119.0.6045.105-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 118.0.5993.117-1]
libpeas-1.0-0/lunar 1.36.0-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.32.0-1]
libpython3-dev/lunar 3.11.2-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 3.10.6-1~22.04]
libsndfile1/lunar-updates,lunar-security 1.2.0-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.2.0-1]

可以使用以下命令查看有关各个软件包（包括其存储库）的更多信息：

apt policy package-name

... 喜欢：

$ apt policy gdb
gdb:
  Installed: 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04
  Candidate: 13.1-2ubuntu2
  Version table:
     13.1-2ubuntu2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar/main amd64 Packages
 *** 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

因此，您可以修剪前者的输出并将其传递给后者，以使用类似以下方式实现自动化：

apt list --upgradable |& awk -F'/' '/\//{print $1}' | xargs apt policy

...在我的系统上，它看起来像这样：

$ apt list --upgradable |& awk -F'/' '/\//{print $1}' | xargs apt policy
gdb:
  Installed: 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04
  Candidate: 13.1-2ubuntu2
  Version table:
     13.1-2ubuntu2 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar/main amd64 Packages
 *** 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
google-chrome-stable:
  Installed: 118.0.5993.117-1
  Candidate: 119.0.6045.105-1
  Version table:
     119.0.6045.105-1 500
        500 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64 Packages
 *** 118.0.5993.117-1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libpeas-1.0-0:
  Installed: 1.32.0-1
  Candidate: 1.36.0-1
  Version table:
     1.36.0-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar/main amd64 Packages
 *** 1.32.0-1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libpython3-dev:
  Installed: 3.10.6-1~22.04
  Candidate: 3.11.2-1
  Version table:
     3.11.2-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar/main amd64 Packages
 *** 3.10.6-1~22.04 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libsndfile1:
  Installed: 1.2.0-1
  Candidate: 1.2.0-1ubuntu0.1
  Version table:
     1.2.0-1ubuntu0.1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar-security/main amd64 Packages
 *** 1.2.0-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lunar/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

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