我最近将我的 Ubuntu 11.10 升级到了 12.04。每当我尝试使用 apt-get 安装一些新软件包时，我都会在终端中收到以下错误消息：
$ apt-get -y update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y dist-upgrade && reboot
这就是我得到的：
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release.gpg
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise Release
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Sources
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release
Hit http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner i386 Packages
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg [198 B]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Sources
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg [198 B]
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner TranslationIndex
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Sources
Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Sources
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release [49.6 kB]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages
Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en
Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release [49.6 kB]
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Sources
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Sources
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en_US
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Sources
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en
Ign http://archive.canonical.com precise/partner Translation-en
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en_US
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en
Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages
Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex
Get:5 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Sources [410 kB]
Get:6 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Sources [5,467 B]
Get:7 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Sources [93.5 kB]
Get:8 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Sources [6,582 B]
Get:9 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages [683 kB]
Get:10 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages [10.0 kB]
Get:11 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages [214 kB]
Get:12 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [13.8 kB]
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex
Get:13 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Sources [2,935 B]
Get:14 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Sources [14 B]
Get:15 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Sources [34.9 kB]
Get:16 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Sources [5,311 B]
Get:17 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main i386 Packages [2,390 B]
Get:18 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted i386 Packages [14 B]
Get:19 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe i386 Packages [35.9 kB]
Get:20 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse i386 Packages [5,178 B]
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe TranslationIndex
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en
Hit http://in.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en
Fetched 1,623 kB in 21s (77.2 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
13 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 350 MB disk space will be freed.
(Reading database ... 265234 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.0.0-29-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-29-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-29-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.0.0-29-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-29-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 27: /etc/default/grub: want: not found
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic.postrm line 328.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Removing linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.0.0-30-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-30-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-30-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.0.0-30-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-30-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 27: /etc/default/grub: want: not found
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic.postrm line 328.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
Removing linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.0.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-31-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.0.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-31-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 27: /etc/default/grub: want: not found
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic.postrm line 328.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic (--remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic
linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic
linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
请有人帮助我解决这个问题。
答案1
在终端中输入：uname -r（将显示正在使用的内核版本）如果您的版本大于 3.0.0-31，您可以删除上面列出的版本。尝试删除它们：sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic
答案2
我遇到了类似的问题。我通过删除 postrm 文件解决了这个问题。对于你的情况：
sudo rm -f /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic.postrm
sudo rm -f /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-30-generic.postrm
sudo rm -f /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.0.0-29-generic.postrm
然后运行：
sudo apt-get -f purge linux-image-3.0.0-31-generic
最后：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade