我正在尝试将 Windows 8 SSD 添加到启动菜单。但在选择 Windows 8 的自定义菜单项后，我只看到了一个空白屏幕。当我使用 UEFI 切换启动顺序时，启动 Windows 8 没有任何问题。
这是我的自定义菜单项：
menuentry "Windows 8" --class windows --class os {
insmod part_msdos
set root='(hd1)'
drivemap -s hd0 hd1
chainloader (hd1)+1
}
以下是启动信息脚本的输出：
Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
in partition 112 for .
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: Extended Partition
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda5: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sdb2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
sdb3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
sdb4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /bootmgr /Windows/System32/winload.exe
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15566 cylinders, total 250069680 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 216,768,511 216,766,464 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 216,770,558 250,068,991 33,298,434 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 216,770,560 250,068,991 33,298,432 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sdb: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes
256 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15505 cylinders, total 250069680 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4,294,967,295 4,294,967,295 ee GPT
/dev/sdb1 ends after the last sector of /dev/sdb
GUID Partition Table detected.
Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System
/dev/sdb1 2,048 616,447 614,400 Windows Recovery Environment (Windows)
/dev/sdb2 616,448 821,247 204,800 EFI System partition
/dev/sdb3 821,248 1,083,391 262,144 Microsoft Reserved Partition (Windows)
/dev/sdb4 1,083,392 225,062,911 223,979,520 Data partition (Windows/Linux)
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/sda1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ext4
/dev/sda5 4c4e44af-28a9-46fa-85fd-f416bfaf92cd swap
/dev/sdb1 5220B52F20B51AC5 ntfs Wiederherstellung
/dev/sdb2 1AB6-57AC vfat
/dev/sdb4 B632C3B732C37B3F ntfs
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/sda1 / ext4 (rw,noatime,discard,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sdb1 /media/user/Wiederherstellung fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096)
/dev/sdb4 /media/user/B632C3B732C37B3F fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,default_permissions,blksize=4096)
=========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=-1
else
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=countdown
set timeout=10
# Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
elif sleep --verbose --interruptible 10 ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
if background_color 44,0,30; then
clear
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
}
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic root=UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ro
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-35-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-35-generic-advanced-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-35-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic root=UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ro
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.13.0-35-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.13.0-35-generic-recovery-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.13.0-35-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-35-generic root=UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-35-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.11.0-26-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.11.0-26-generic-advanced-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.11.0-26-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.0-26-generic root=UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ro
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.11.0-26-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.11.0-26-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.11.0-26-generic-recovery-a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.11.0-26-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.0-26-generic root=UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.11.0-26-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+)' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
knetbsd /boot/memtest86+.elf
}
menuentry 'Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
}
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "Windows 8" --class windows --class os {
insmod part_msdos
set root='(hd1)'
drivemap -s hd0 hd1
chainloader (hd1)+1
}
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=============================== sda1/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=a9021806-ff94-4422-8272-42cc96a25771 / ext4 discard,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=4c4e44af-28a9-46fa-85fd-f416bfaf92cd none swap sw 0 0
# temporary directories as tmpfs
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777,size=2G 0 0
tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777,size=128M 0 0
# external device
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ========================
Unknown BootLoader on sdb2
00000000 eb 58 90 4d 53 44 4f 53 35 2e 30 00 02 02 fe 19 |.X.MSDOS5.0.....|
00000010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 68 09 00 |........?....h..|
00000020 00 20 03 00 01 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |. ..............|
00000030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000040 80 00 29 ac 57 b6 1a 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).W..NO NAME |
00000050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 33 c9 8e d1 bc f4 | FAT32 3.....|
00000060 7b 8e c1 8e d9 bd 00 7c 88 56 40 88 4e 02 8a 56 |{......|[email protected]|
00000070 40 b4 41 bb aa 55 cd 13 72 10 81 fb 55 aa 75 0a |@.A..U..r...U.u.|
00000080 f6 c1 01 74 05 fe 46 02 eb 2d 8a 56 40 b4 08 cd |...t..F..-.V@...|
00000090 13 73 05 b9 ff ff 8a f1 66 0f b6 c6 40 66 0f b6 |.s......f...@f..|
000000a0 d1 80 e2 3f f7 e2 86 cd c0 ed 06 41 66 0f b7 c9 |...?.......Af...|
000000b0 66 f7 e1 66 89 46 f8 83 7e 16 00 75 39 83 7e 2a |f..f.F..~..u9.~*|
000000c0 00 77 33 66 8b 46 1c 66 83 c0 0c bb 00 80 b9 01 |.w3f.F.f........|
000000d0 00 e8 2c 00 e9 a8 03 a1 f8 7d 80 c4 7c 8b f0 ac |..,......}..|...|
000000e0 84 c0 74 17 3c ff 74 09 b4 0e bb 07 00 cd 10 eb |..t.<.t.........|
000000f0 ee a1 fa 7d eb e4 a1 7d 80 eb df 98 cd 16 cd 19 |...}...}........|
00000100 66 60 80 7e 02 00 0f 84 20 00 66 6a 00 66 50 06 |f`.~.... .fj.fP.|
00000110 53 66 68 10 00 01 00 b4 42 8a 56 40 8b f4 cd 13 |Sfh.....B.V@....|
00000120 66 58 66 58 66 58 66 58 eb 33 66 3b 46 f8 72 03 |fXfXfXfX.3f;F.r.|
00000130 f9 eb 2a 66 33 d2 66 0f b7 4e 18 66 f7 f1 fe c2 |..*f3.f..N.f....|
00000140 8a ca 66 8b d0 66 c1 ea 10 f7 76 1a 86 d6 8a 56 |..f..f....v....V|
00000150 40 8a e8 c0 e4 06 0a cc b8 01 02 cd 13 66 61 0f |@............fa.|
00000160 82 74 ff 81 c3 00 02 66 40 49 75 94 c3 42 4f 4f |[email protected]|
00000170 54 4d 47 52 20 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |TMGR ........|
00000180 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
000001a0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0d 0a 4d 65 |..............Me|
000001b0 64 69 65 6e 66 65 68 6c 65 72 ff 0d 0a 4e 65 75 |dienfehler...Neu|
000001c0 73 74 61 72 74 3a 20 54 61 73 74 65 20 64 72 81 |start: Taste dr.|
000001d0 63 6b 65 6e 0d 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |cken............|
000001e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ac 01 bb 01 00 00 55 aa |..............U.|
00000200
========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive: =========
sdc sdd sde sdf sdg
=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================
cat: /tmp/BootInfo-eO3hpoLX/Tmp_Log: No such file or directory
我也尝试添加分区但它总是引导我显示以下消息：
no such partition...
我究竟做错了什么？
答案1
问题在于，我在 Ubuntu 上使用了 BIOS 模式，而在 Windows 上使用了 UEFI 模式。在我通过主板的一些设置切换到 UEFI 模式并重新安装 Ubuntu 后，它运行正常。