在 Ubuntu 14.04 上,有avconv
/avplay
而不是ffmpeg
/ ffplay
;版本是:
$ avconv -version
avconv version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
avconv 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty
libavutil 54. 3. 0 / 54. 3. 0
libavcodec 56. 1. 0 / 56. 1. 0
libavformat 56. 1. 0 / 56. 1. 0
libavdevice 55. 0. 0 / 55. 0. 0
libavfilter 5. 0. 0 / 5. 0. 0
libavresample 2. 1. 0 / 2. 1. 0
libswscale 3. 0. 0 / 3. 0. 0
我想建立一个管道,将avconv
要播放的输出通过管道传输出去avplay
,这样我就可以检查我的avconv
设置是否正确;不幸的是,我无法让任何这种管道工作。
我正在与small.mp4 示例 MP4 视频文件从HTML5 的示例 WebM、Ogg 和 MP4 视频文件 | TechSlides;我也见过bash - 如何将 ffmpeg 的输出通过管道传输到 ffplay? - 超级用户。
以下是我的尝试:
$ avconv -i small.mp4 - | avplay -
avconv version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
avplay version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2003-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'small.mp4':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300
Duration: 00:00:05.56, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 551 kb/s
Stream #0.0(und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 560x320, 465 kb/s, 30 fps, 90k tbn, 60 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 83 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
Unable to find a suitable output format for 'pipe:'
pipe:: Invalid data found when processing input
因此,我必须指定输出格式avconv
,我们可以看到那些能够编码和解码的格式,如下所示:
$ avplay -formats | grep ' DE'
avplay version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2003-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
DE ac3 raw AC-3
DE adx CRI ADX
DE aiff Audio IFF
DE alaw PCM A-law
DE alsa ALSA audio output
DE amr 3GPP AMR
DE asf ASF (Advanced / Active Streaming Format)
DE ass SSA (SubStation Alpha) subtitle
DE au Sun AU
DE avi AVI (Audio Video Interleaved)
DE cavsvideo raw Chinese AVS (Audio Video Standard) video
DE daud D-Cinema audio
DE dirac raw Dirac
DE dnxhd raw DNxHD (SMPTE VC-3)
DE dts raw DTS
DE dv DV (Digital Video)
DE eac3 raw E-AC-3
DE f32be PCM 32-bit floating-point big-endian
DE f32le PCM 32-bit floating-point little-endian
DE f64be PCM 64-bit floating-point big-endian
DE f64le PCM 64-bit floating-point little-endian
DE ffmetadata FFmpeg metadata in text
DE filmstrip Adobe Filmstrip
DE flac raw FLAC
DE flv FLV (Flash Video)
DE g722 raw G.722
DE gxf GXF (General eXchange Format)
DE h261 raw H.261
DE h263 raw H.263
DE h264 raw H.264 video
DE hevc raw HEVC video
DE ilbc iLBC storage
DE image2 image2 sequence
DE image2pipe piped image2 sequence
DE ivf On2 IVF
DE latm LOAS/LATM
DE m4v raw MPEG-4 video
DE mjpeg raw MJPEG video
DE mlp raw MLP
DE mmf Yamaha SMAF
DE mp3 MP3 (MPEG audio layer 3)
DE mpeg MPEG-1 Systems / MPEG program stream
DE mpegts MPEG-TS (MPEG-2 Transport Stream)
DE mulaw PCM mu-law
DE mxf MXF (Material eXchange Format)
DE nut NUT
DE ogg Ogg
DE oma Sony OpenMG audio
DE oss OSS (Open Sound System) playback
DE rawvideo raw video
DE rm RealMedia
DE roq raw id RoQ
DE rso Lego Mindstorms RSO
DE rtp RTP output
DE rtsp RTSP output
DE s16be PCM signed 16-bit big-endian
DE s16le PCM signed 16-bit little-endian
DE s24be PCM signed 24-bit big-endian
DE s24le PCM signed 24-bit little-endian
DE s32be PCM signed 32-bit big-endian
DE s32le PCM signed 32-bit little-endian
DE s8 PCM signed 8-bit
DE sap SAP output
DE smjpeg Loki SDL MJPEG
DE sox SoX native
DE spdif IEC 61937 (used on S/PDIF - IEC958)
DE srt SubRip subtitle
DE swf SWF (ShockWave Flash)
DE truehd raw TrueHD
DE u16be PCM unsigned 16-bit big-endian
DE u16le PCM unsigned 16-bit little-endian
DE u24be PCM unsigned 24-bit big-endian
DE u24le PCM unsigned 24-bit little-endian
DE u32be PCM unsigned 32-bit big-endian
DE u32le PCM unsigned 32-bit little-endian
DE u8 PCM unsigned 8-bit
DE voc Creative Voice
DE wav WAV / WAVE (Waveform Audio)
DE wv raw WavPack
DE yuv4mpegpipe YUV4MPEG pipe
让我们尝试 flv 格式 - 如果我只添加-f flv
,那么我得到“flv 不支持该采样率,请从(44100、22050、11025)中选择。”;所以我还添加-ar 44100
:
$ avconv -i small.mp4 -f flv -ar 44100 - | avplay -
avconv version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
avplay version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2003-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'small.mp4':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300
Duration: 00:00:05.56, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 551 kb/s
Stream #0.0(und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 560x320, 465 kb/s, 30 fps, 90k tbn, 60 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 83 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
Output #0, flv, to 'pipe:':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : Lavf56.1.0
Stream #0.0(und): Video: flv, yuv420p, 560x320, q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 1k tbn, 90k tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: libmp3lame, 44100 Hz, mono, fltp (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : Lavc56.1.0 libmp3lame
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> flv1 (flv))
Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (aac (native) -> mp3 (libmp3lame))
Press ctrl-c to stop encoding
[flv @ 0xaed026a0] max_analyze_duration 5000000 reached
Input #0, flv, from 'pipe:':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : Lavf56.1.0
Duration: 00:00:00.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0.0: Video: flv, yuv420p, 560x320, 200 kb/s, 30 fps, 1k tbn
Stream #0.1: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, mono, s16p, 64 kb/s
[flv @ 0x80c7d80] Failed to update header with correct duration.B f=0/0
[flv @ 0x80c7d80] Failed to update header with correct filesize.
frame= 166 fps= 0 q=31.0 Lsize= 192kB time=5.50 bitrate= 285.5kbits/s
video:141kB audio:44kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 3.426657%
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
因此,发生了段错误崩溃 - 即使avplay
据称正确读取了输入流的属性......
格式也会发生相同的段错误avi
(如果我指定了格式也会发生avplay -f avi -
):
$ avconv -i small.mp4 -f avi - | avplay -
avconv version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
avplay version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2003-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'small.mp4':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300
Duration: 00:00:05.56, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 551 kb/s
Stream #0.0(und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 560x320, 465 kb/s, 30 fps, 90k tbn, 60 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 83 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
Output #0, avi, to 'pipe:':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
ISFT : Lavf56.1.0
Stream #0.0(und): Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 560x320, q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbn, 30 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: libmp3lame, 48000 Hz, mono, fltp (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20 21:29:11
encoder : Lavc56.1.0 libmp3lame
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> mpeg4 (native))
Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (aac (native) -> mp3 (libmp3lame))
Press ctrl-c to stop encoding
Input #0, avi, from 'pipe:':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf56.1.0
Duration: 9942:03:14.13, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4 (Simple Profile), yuv420p, 560x320 [PAR 1:1 DAR 7:4], 30 fps, 30 tbn, 30 tbc
Stream #0.1: Audio: mp3, 48000 Hz, 1 channels, s16p, 64 kb/s
Segmentation fault (core dumped)0 aq= 17KB vq= 142KB sq= 0B f=0/0
格式相同mpegts
...
我最接近管道的是这个命令[FFmpeg-user] 录制时管道到 ffplay:语法:
ffmpeg -f x11grab -r 10 -s 128x128 -i :0.0 -f rawvideo - | ffplay -f rawvideo -s 128x128 -pix_fmt bgr0 -
...但是,它不能真正“转换”为 av* 命令,因为特别是在这个版本中,因为:
Option 'pix_fmt' has been removed, use private format options instead
[rawvideo @ 0xaed026a0] No such pixel format: bgr0.
Option 's' has been removed, use private format options instead
...因此,此版本的 Ubuntu 中的命令将是:
$ avconv -f x11grab -r 10 -s 128x128 -i :0.0 -f rawvideo - | avplay -f rawvideo -pixel_format bgra -video_size 128x128 -
avconv version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
[x11grab @ 0x8270b80] device: :0.0 -> display: :0.0 x: 0 y: 0 width: 128 height: 128
[x11grab @ 0x8270b80] shared memory extension found
avplay version 11.3-6:11.3-1~trusty, Copyright (c) 2003-2014 the Libav developers
built on Apr 13 2015 22:25:59 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
[x11grab @ 0x8270b80] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, x11grab, from ':0.0':
Duration: N/A, start: 1516909239.674510, bitrate: 5242 kb/s
Stream #0.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 128x128, 5242 kb/s, 10 fps, 1000k tbn, 10 tbc
Output #0, rawvideo, to 'pipe:':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf56.1.0
Stream #0.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 128x128, q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 10 tbn, 10 tbc
Metadata:
encoder : Lavc56.1.0 rawvideo
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo (native) -> rawvideo (native))
Press ctrl-c to stop encoding
[rawvideo @ 0xaed026a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, rawvideo, from 'pipe:':
Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 128x128, 25 fps, 25 tbn
^Cframe= 119 fps= 11 q=0.0 Lsize= 7616kB time=11.80 bitrate=5287.3kbits/s
...这是迄今为止我发现的唯一一个不会出现段错误并且能显示视频窗口的程序 - 但视频屏幕如下所示:
...也就是说,整个视频窗口/屏幕都是黑色的 - 除了左上角抖动的一些绿色像素......
还请注意,在这个版本中,pipe:1: Not yet implemented in Libav, patches welcome
如果我尝试使用pipe:1
而不是仅使用破折号-
来表示 stdout/stdin,偶尔我会得到“ ”...
那么,是否可以在该版本的 Ubuntu 中设置一个从avconv
到 的管道avplay
,以便avplay
至少播放 发送的视频(或者最好同时播放音频和视频)avconv
——如果可以,如何操作?
答案1
好的,虽然取得了一些进展,但不是用内置的avconv
/ avplay
:
我发现ffmpeg 输出设备 xv 全屏?:ffmpeg,使用以下命令:
ffmpeg -re -i "${infile}" -filter_complex "[0:v] scale=w=480:h=-1 [out0]" -map [out0] -f xv mywindowname
因此,有一些输出设备xv
可以播放到窗口;avconv -devices
“ Unrecognized option 'devices'
”(man
说:“av* 工具的“-formats”选项将显示启用的输出设备列表(在多路复用器中)。”)。注意有FFmpeg 静态构建,但这些似乎并不包括该xv
设备。
因此,我最终从 PPA 中使用它——这是如何做到的,以便它从外部位置运行:
sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/trusty-media
sudo apt-get update
apt-get install --simulate ffmpeg
apt-get download ffmpeg libass5 libfdk-aac1 libsdl2-2.0-0 libsoxr0 libva-drm1 libvidstab1.0 libx264-148 libx265-130 libzimg2
# libsoxr0 and libsdl2-2.0-0 are from trusty/universe; so:
rm libsoxr0_0.1.1-1_i386.deb libsdl2-2.0-0_2.0.2+dfsg1-3ubuntu1.2_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install libsoxr0 libsdl2-2.0-0
# unpack debs:
for ix in *.deb; do echo $ix; dpkg -x $ix .; done
sudo ppa-purge ppa:mc3man/trusty-media
sudo apt-get update
然后您可以得到如下脚本, (并为->run-ffmpeg.sh
制作相同的脚本;记住它们两个):ffplat
run-ffplay.sh
chmod +x *.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PWD/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
export PATH="$PATH":$PWD/opt/ffmpeg/bin
ffmpeg "$@"
#reset # deletes all output
stty echo # resets echo, OK
(请注意,使用此脚本会以某种方式搞乱终端回显,这是最后一个的原因stty echo
)
最后,X11 管道就可以工作了:
./run_ffmpeg.sh -f x11grab -r 10 -s 128x128 -i :0.0 -f rawvideo - | ./run_ffplay.sh -f rawvideo -s 128x128 -pix_fmt bgr0 -
# Option -s is deprecated, use -video_size.
# Option -pix_fmt is deprecated, use -pixel_format.
./run_ffmpeg.sh -f x11grab -r 10 -s 128x128 -i :0.0 -f rawvideo - | ./run_ffplay.sh -f rawvideo -video_size 128x128 -pixel_format bgr0 -
...还可以直接在 ffmpeg 的窗口中播放带有过滤器的视频:
$ ./run_ffmpeg.sh -re -i small.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v] scale=w=640:h=-1 [out0]" -map [out0] -pix_fmt yuyv422 -f xv "ffmpeg xv Window"
ffmpeg version 3.3.3 Copyright (c) 2000-2017 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3)
configuration: --extra-libs=-ldl --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg --mandir=/usr/share/man --enable-avresample --disable-debug --enable-nonfree --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --disable-decoder=amrnb --disable-decoder=amrwb --enable-libpulse --enable-libfreetype --enable-gnutls --disable-ffserver --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvpx --enable-libspeex --enable-libass --enable-avisynth --enable-libsoxr --enable-libxvid --enable-libvidstab --enable-libwavpack --enable-nvenc --enable-libzimg
libavutil 55. 58.100 / 55. 58.100
libavcodec 57. 89.100 / 57. 89.100
libavformat 57. 71.100 / 57. 71.100
libavdevice 57. 6.100 / 57. 6.100
libavfilter 6. 82.100 / 6. 82.100
libavresample 3. 5. 0 / 3. 5. 0
libswscale 4. 6.100 / 4. 6.100
libswresample 2. 7.100 / 2. 7.100
libpostproc 54. 5.100 / 54. 5.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'small.mp4':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
creation_time : 2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z
encoder : HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300
Duration: 00:00:05.57, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 551 kb/s
Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, bt709), 560x320, 465 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 90k tbn, 60 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z
encoder : JVT/AVC Coding
Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 83 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 (h264) -> scale
scale -> Stream #0:0 (rawvideo)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Output #0, xv, to 'ffmpeg xv Window':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp42
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: mp42isomavc1
encoder : Lavf57.71.100
Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (YUY2 / 0x32595559), yuyv422, 640x366, q=2-31, 112435 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbn, 30 tbc (default)
Metadata:
encoder : Lavc57.89.100 rawvideo
我本来想发布一张截图,但似乎当有xv
窗口视频时,它的内容不会被捕获gnome-screenshot
。不过,也可以使用sdl
:
./run_ffmpeg.sh -re -i small.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v] scale=w=640:h=-1 [out0]" -map [out0] -f sdl "ffmpeg SDL Window"
...这似乎被捕获了gnome-screenshot
: