我在 Macbook pro 上运行 Mojave。我已经通过brew安装了gdb 8.3。
我已经按照中给出的说明对其进行了代码签名
https://sourceware.org/gdb/wiki/PermissionsDarwin
我还完全关闭了系统完整性，但在让 gdb 工作时遇到问题。
我有一个简单的 c 程序，名为 test_sleep.c，用 -g 编译。
如果我跑
cs_mac > gdb -q sleep_test
Reading symbols from sleep_test...
Reading symbols from /Users/richard/home/richard/programming_tests/mac/c_tests/examples/sleep_test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/sleep_test...
(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x100000f2f: file sleep_test.c, line 7.
(gdb) r
Starting program: /Users/richard/home/richard/programming_tests/mac/c_tests/examples/sleep_test
Unable to find Mach task port for process-id 2590: (os/kern) failure (0x5).
(please check gdb is codesigned - see taskgated(8))
(gdb
尽管我已经对 gdb 进行了代码签名，但我还是收到了常见的代码签名错误。
部分解决方法是使用 sudo 运行 run gdb
然后我可以实际调试，但我首先收到十几个警告
cs_mac > sudo /usr/local/bin/gdb -q sleep_test
Password:
Reading symbols from sleep_test...
Reading symbols from /Users/richard/home/richard/programming_tests/mac/c_tests/examples/sleep_test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/sleep_test...
(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x100000f2f: file sleep_test.c, line 7.
(gdb) r
Starting program: /Users/richard/home/richard/programming_tests/mac/c_tests/examples/sleep_test
[New Thread 0x1003 of process 2646]
[New Thread 0xe03 of process 2646]
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/bsd.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/darwin_vers.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/dirstat.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/dirstat_collection.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/err.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/exception.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/init.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/mach.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/stdio.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/stdlib.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/string.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
warning: `/BuildRoot/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Binaries/Libc_darwin/install/TempContent/Objects/Libc.build/libsystem_darwin.dylib.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/variant.o': can't open to read symbols: No such file or directory.
Thread 2 hit Breakpoint 1, main () at sleep_test.c:7
7 for (i=0;i<10;i++)
(gdb) l
2 #include <unistd.h>
3
4 int main()
5 {
6 int i;
7 for (i=0;i<10;i++)
8 {
9 printf("%d \n",i);
10 sleep(1);
11 }
(gdb) n
9 printf("%d \n",i);
(gdb)
所以我的问题是（1）为什么 gdb 没有 sudo 就不能工作以及（2）为什么使用 sudo 运行时会产生所有警告？
幸运的是，lldb 可以完美地对抗 gcc 构建的二进制文件，因此我可能会放弃 gdb 并切换到 lldb。但我仍然想知道为什么 Apple 将在 Linux 上轻松运行的东西做得如此复杂。