如何在字母 d 和 p 上方和下方添加引号

Question

p我想在字母和的上方和下方添加引号（和撇号）d。这就是我想要的： 例子

如您所见，划掉的字母是正确的，所以如果有办法标记它，那就太好了，可以用交叉线（如图所示）或数字来标记它。

提前致谢。

Answer 1

这种方法可以满足您的期望

代码

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{centernot}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\newcommand{\myoverset}[2]{%
  \mathop{#2}\limits^{\vbox to -.1ex{%
  \kern -0.6ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle #1$}\vss}}}

\newcommand{\myunderset}[2]{%
  \mathop{#2}\limits_{\vbox to -.1ex{%
  \kern -1.2ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle #1$}\vss}}}

\newcommand\can[1]{\kern0.1em\centernot{#1}\kern0.1em}  % Cancel command
\newcommand{\vc}[3]{\myoverset{#2}{\myunderset{#3}{\text{#1}}}} % Main environment (acc:=accent command)
\newcommand{\sq}{\text{\text\textquotesingle}} % sq:=single quote
\newcommand{\dq}{\text{\text\textquotedbl}}  % dq:=double quote

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\textbf{Normal versions}

\[
\acc{p}{\sq}{}
\acc{p}{\dq}{}
\acc{p}{}{\sq}
\acc{p}{}{\dq}
\acc{d}{\sq}{}
\acc{d}{\dq}{}
\acc{d}{}{\sq}
\acc{d}{}{\dq}
\]

\[
\acc{p}{\sq}{\sq}
\acc{p}{\dq}{\sq}
\acc{p}{\sq}{\dq}
\acc{p}{\dq}{\dq}
\acc{d}{\sq}{\sq}
\acc{d}{\dq}{\sq}
\acc{d}{\sq}{\dq}
\acc{d}{\dq}{\dq}
\]

\textbf{Cancelled versions}

\[
\can{\acc{p}{\sq}{}}
\can{\acc{p}{\dq}{}}
\can{\acc{p}{}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{p}{}{\dq}}
\can{\acc{d}{\sq}{}}
\can{\acc{d}{\dq}{}}
\can{\acc{d}{}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{d}{}{\dq}}
\]

\[
\can{\acc{p}{\sq}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{p}{\dq}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{p}{\sq}{\dq}}
\can{\acc{p}{\dq}{\dq}}
\can{\acc{d}{\sq}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{d}{\dq}{\sq}}
\can{\acc{d}{\sq}{\dq}}
\can{\acc{d}{\dq}{\dq}}
\]
\end{center}

\end{document}

编辑

我考虑了@Mico的建议，分别将命令\overset和\underset改为\myoverset和\myunderset。还编辑了\texttt{}主要新环境定义内的指令。

Answer 2

或者stackengine：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}  % access \textquotedbl
\usepackage{textcomp}     % access \textquotesingle
\usepackage{cancel}
\usepackage{stackengine}
\newlength{\dheight}
\newlength{\pdepth}
\newcommand{\abo}[2]{\stackinset{c}{}{c}{8pt}{#1}{\mbox{\vline height \dheight depth \pdepth width 0pt #2}}}
\newcommand{\bel}[2]{\stackinset{c}{}{c}{-10pt}{#1}{\mbox{\vline height 10pt depth \pdepth width 0pt #2}}}

\begin{document}
    Normal text:    
    \settowidth{\dheight}{\heightof{d}}
    \settowidth{\pdepth}{\depthof{p}}
    \abo{'}{d}
    \abo{\textquotedblright}{d}
    \abo{'}{p}
    \abo{\textquotedblright}{p}
    \bel{'}{d}
    \bel{\textquotedblright}{d}
    \bel{'}{p}
    \bel{\textquotedblright}{p}
    \cancel{\abo{'}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{\textquotedblright}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{'}{p}}
    \cancel{\abo{\textquotedblright}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{'}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{\textquotedblright}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{'}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{\textquotedblright}{p}}    

    \ttfamily
    ttfamily:
    \settowidth{\dheight}{\heightof{d}}
    \settowidth{\pdepth}{\depthof{p}}
    \abo{\textquotesingle}{d}
    \abo{"}{d}
    \abo{\textquotesingle}{p}
    \abo{"}{p}
    \bel{\textquotesingle}{d}
    \bel{"}{d}
    \bel{\textquotesingle}{p}
    \bel{"}{p}
    \cancel{\abo{\textquotesingle}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{"}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{\textquotesingle}{p}}
    \cancel{\abo{"}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{\textquotesingle}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{"}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{\textquotesingle}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{"}{p}} 

    \sffamily
    sffamily:
    \settowidth{\dheight}{\heightof{d}}
    \settowidth{\pdepth}{\depthof{p}}
    \abo{'}{d}
    \abo{"}{d}
    \abo{'}{p}
    \abo{"}{p}
    \bel{'}{d}
    \bel{"}{d}
    \bel{'}{p}
    \bel{"}{p}
    \cancel{\abo{'}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{"}{d}}
    \cancel{\abo{'}{p}}
    \cancel{\abo{"}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{'}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{"}{d}}
    \cancel{\bel{'}{p}}
    \cancel{\bel{"}{p}} 

\end{document}

Answer 3

像这样吗？（您发布的截图不太容易理解……）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}  % access \textquotedbl
\usepackage{textcomp}     % access \textquotesingle
\usepackage{amsmath}      % for "\text" macro
\usepackage{accents}      % for "\accentset" and "\underaccent" macros

\def\dsquoteup{$\accentset{\text{\textquotesingle}}{\text{d}}$}
\def\ddquoteup{$\accentset{\text{\textquotedbl}}{\text{d}}$}
\def\psquoteup{$\accentset{\text{\textquotesingle}}{\text{p}}$}
\def\pdquoteup{$\accentset{\text{\textquotedbl}}{\text{p}}$}
\def\dsquotedn{$\underaccent{\text{\textquotesingle}}{\text{d}}$}
\def\ddquotedn{$\underaccent{\text{\textquotedbl}}{\text{d}}$}
\def\psquotedn{$\underaccent{\text{\textquotesingle}}{\text{p}}$}
\def\pdquotedn{$\underaccent{\text{\textquotedbl}}{\text{p}}$}

\begin{document}
\ttfamily
\dsquoteup\ddquoteup\psquoteup\pdquoteup \dsquotedn\ddquotedn\psquotedn\pdquotedn

\sffamily
\dsquoteup\ddquoteup\psquoteup\pdquoteup \dsquotedn\ddquotedn\psquotedn\pdquotedn
\end{document}