需要创建图表

需要创建图表

我是 Tikz 包的新手,现在需要创建这样的图表:

在此处输入图片描述

但是,我不知道如何在每个节点上制作垂直线。

这是代码:

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \coordinate (A) at (0,0);
    \coordinate (B) at (1,0);
    \coordinate (C) at (2,0);
    \coordinate (D) at (10,0);

    \draw[|-|] 
        (A)
        node at (A) [above=5pt] {$P_{t,M}$} 
        node at (A) [below=5pt] {$t$}
        --
        (B)
        node at (B) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
        node at (B) [below=5pt] {$t+1$}
        --
        (C)
        node at (C) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
        node at (C) [below=5pt] {$t+2$}
        --
        (D)
        node at (D) [above=5pt] {$C+N$}
        node at (D) [below=5pt] {$t + M$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

非常感谢您的帮助!谢谢

答案1

由于您已经定义了点的坐标(B 和 C),因此循环foreach似乎是自然的选择:

\documentclass[tikz,border=2pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture} 
\coordinate (A) at (0,0);
\coordinate (B) at (1,0);
\coordinate (C) at (2,0);
\coordinate (D) at (10,0);

\draw[|-|] 
(A)
node at (A) [above=5pt] {$P_{t,M}$} 
node at (A) [below=5pt] {$t$}
--
(B)
node at (B) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
node at (B) [below=5pt] {$t+1$}
--
(C)
node at (C) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
node at (C) [below=5pt] {$t+2$}
--
(D)
node at (D) [above=5pt] {$C+N$}
node at (D) [below=5pt] {$t + M$};

\foreach \x in {B,C}
\draw ($(\x)+(0,2pt)$)--($(\x)+(0,-2pt)$);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

请注意,我使用了该calc库,但您可以使用其他方法来实现相同的结果:

\foreach \x in {B,C}{%
   \draw (\x)--++(0,2pt);
   \draw (\x)--++(0,-2pt);
}

或者(紧凑版)

\foreach \x in {B,C}
\draw (\x)--++(0,2pt) (\x)--++(0,-2pt);

答案2

您可以分割路径(这样,您可以确保所有的刻度都是相同的):

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
%\begin{center} % not really useful in standalone class
\begin{tikzpicture} 
  [every node/.style={text depth=0pt}] % align node text
    \coordinate (A) at (0,0);
    \coordinate (B) at (1,0);
    \coordinate (C) at (2,0);
    \coordinate (D) at (10,0);

    \draw[|-|] 
        (A)
        node at (A) [above=5pt] {$P_{t,M}$} 
        node at (A) [below=5pt] {$t$}
        --
        (B);
    \draw[-|] 
        (B)
        node at (B) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
        node at (B) [below=5pt] {$t+1$}
        --
        (C);
     \draw[-|]
        (C)
        node at (C) [above=5pt] {$C$} 
        node at (C) [below=5pt] {$t+2$}
        --
        (D)
        node at (D) [above=5pt] {$C+N$}
        node at (D) [below=5pt] {$t + M$};
\end{tikzpicture}
%\end{center}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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