3D“ell”形或“L”形

Question

我正在尝试绘制 3d 形状，但不知道该如何绘制 ell 形状 (3d)。该形状基本上是 L，但在 3d 中

Answer 1

给你一个开始。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view={30}{15},line cap=round,
    declare function={ax=2;ay=1.5;az=2.5;bx=0.5;bz=0.5;}]
  \draw (0,0,0) -- (ax,0,0) -- (ax,0,bz) -- (bx,0,bz) -- (bx,0,az)
  -- (0,0,az) -- cycle 
  (0,0,az) -- (0,ay,az) -- (bx,ay,az) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (bx,ay,az) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (bx,ay,bz) edge ++ (0,-ay,0) 
  -- (ax,ay,bz) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (ax,ay,0) -- (ax,0,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

该perspective库允许我们改变视角，并declare function用于定义可以改变的参数。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view={40}{35},line cap=round,
    declare function={ax=3;ay=2;az=2.5;bx=0.8;bz=0.8;}]
  \draw (0,0,0) -- (ax,0,0) -- (ax,0,bz) -- (bx,0,bz) -- (bx,0,az)
  -- (0,0,az) -- cycle 
  (0,0,az) -- (0,ay,az) -- (bx,ay,az) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (bx,ay,az) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (bx,ay,bz) edge ++ (0,-ay,0) 
  -- (ax,ay,bz) edge ++ (0,-ay,0)
  -- (ax,ay,0) -- (ax,0,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

我建议使用下面的代码。这是因为我喜欢它的可读性，而且它可以快速编写...

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,3d}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[x  = {(0.95cm,-0.3cm)},
  y  = {(0.707cm,0.707cm)},
  z  = {(0cm,1cm)}]
  \begin{scope}[canvas is zx plane at y=0]
    \draw (0,0) -- ++(3,0) -- ++(0,1) --++(-2,0) -- ++(0,5)  -- ++(-1,0) -- (0,0);
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=0]
    \draw (3,0) -- ++(0,3);
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=1]
    \draw (3,0) -- ++(0,3);
    \draw (1,0) -- ++(0,3);
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[canvas is zy plane at x=6]
    \draw (0,0) -- ++(0,3);
    \draw (1,0) -- ++(0,3);
  \end{scope}
  \begin{scope}[canvas is zx plane at y=3]
    \draw (0,0)  ++(3,0) -- ++(0,1) --++(-2,0) -- ++(0,5)  -- ++(-1,0);
  \end{scope}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}