我有 NETGEAR 路由器 - WGR614 V6，并且有 Linux 机器和 Windows PC 的混合网络。我使用路由器的内置 DHCP。我使用路由器的“地址保留”功能根据 MAC 地址保留 IP。所有 Linux 机器都服从 DHCP 服务器并愉快地使用保留的 IP。但是，两台 Windows 7 PC 从不使用我为它们的 MAC 地址保留的 IP。它们坚持使用网络中可用的最低 IP 地址，当我检查 ipconfig 时，它说这是首选 IP 地址。现在，我通过在 Windows PC 之前启动所有 Linux 机器来强制 Windows PC 上的 IP 地址，这样它就别无选择，只能接受剩余的 IP。
我不知道为什么 Windows 的行为会如此奇怪，甚至我的诺基亚 e72 和我的 Kindle 都服从 DHCP 服务器并采用我想要给予它们的 IP。
更新：wireshark 捕获：
"1","0.000000","0.0.0.0","224.0.0.1","IGMP","V2 Membership Query, general"
"2","0.000002","::","ff02::1","ICMPv6","Multicast listener query (Unknown (0x00))"
"3","3.432039","192.168.122.1","224.0.0.251","IGMP","V2 Membership Report / Join group 224.0.0.251"
"4","27.953035","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 39810 [FIN, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=512 Len=0 TSV=8065329 TSER=8005328"
"5","27.953147","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","39810 > trusted-web [FIN, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=2 Win=513 Len=0 TSV=8065329 TSER=8065329"
"6","27.953181","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 39810 [ACK] Seq=2 Ack=2 Win=512 Len=0 TSV=8065329 TSER=8065329"
"7","27.953365","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","39811 > trusted-web [SYN] Seq=0 Win=32792 Len=0 MSS=16396 SACK_PERM=1 TSV=8065329 TSER=0 WS=6"
"8","27.953393","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 39811 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=32768 Len=0 MSS=16396 SACK_PERM=1 TSV=8065329 TSER=8065329 WS=6"
"9","27.953425","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","39811 > trusted-web [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=32832 Len=0 TSV=8065329 TSER=8065329"
"10","52.399210","96.17.182.27","192.168.0.50","TCP","http > 54000 [RST] Seq=1 Win=0 Len=0"
"11","54.533438","192.168.1.1","224.0.0.1","IGMP","V2 Membership Query, general"
"20","125.440024","::","ff02::1","ICMPv6","Multicast listener query (Unknown (0x00))"
"21","130.336040","192.168.122.1","224.0.0.251","IGMP","V2 Membership Report / Join group 224.0.0.251"
"22","139.505800","0.0.0.0","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Request - Transaction ID 0x824f98c9"
"23","139.506223","Netgear_7b:55:28","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.41? Tell 192.168.0.1"
"24","139.567859","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<00>"
"25","139.568249","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<00>"
"26","139.568573","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<20>"
"27","139.805670","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"28","139.921827","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.5? Tell 0.0.0.0"
"29","140.331621","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<20>"
"30","140.332511","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<00>"
"31","140.332902","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<00>"
"32","140.565162","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"33","140.923833","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.5? Tell 0.0.0.0"
"34","141.095485","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<00>"
"35","141.096006","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<00>"
"36","141.096298","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<20>"
"37","141.166329","192.168.0.1","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP ACK - Transaction ID 0x824f98c9"
"38","141.329445","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"39","142.595848","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"40","142.596739","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<20>"
"41","142.597130","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<00>"
"42","142.597432","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB CMIPC<00>"
"43","142.597447","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.5? Tell 0.0.0.0"
"44","142.598013","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"45","142.599398","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"46","142.599810","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"47","142.600612","0.0.0.0","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Request - Transaction ID 0x824f98c9"
"48","142.603482","Netgear_7b:55:28","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.41? Tell 192.168.0.1"
"49","143.356855","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"50","144.121244","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"51","144.265745","192.168.0.1","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP ACK - Transaction ID 0x824f98c9"
"52","145.197853","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"53","145.953702","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"54","146.703652","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"82","163.387239","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"83","164.150880","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"84","164.450586","0.0.0.0","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Request - Transaction ID 0x2d72f0ff"
"85","164.451052","Netgear_7b:55:28","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.41? Tell 192.168.0.1"
"86","164.915266","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"87","169.688302","0.0.0.0","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Request - Transaction ID 0x2d72f0ff"
"88","169.688767","Netgear_7b:55:28","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.41? Tell 192.168.0.1"
"89","178.344615","0.0.0.0","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Request - Transaction ID 0x2d72f0ff"
"90","178.344967","Netgear_7b:55:28","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.41? Tell 192.168.0.1"
"91","178.667732","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"92","178.674442","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","UDP","Source port: 6646 Destination port: 6646"
"93","180.130523","192.168.1.1","224.0.0.1","IGMP","V2 Membership Query, general"
"94","180.478037","192.168.0.50","224.0.0.251","IGMP","V2 Membership Report / Join group 224.0.0.251"
"95","189.230117","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","UDP","Source port: 6646 Destination port: 6646"
"96","189.367369","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","UDP","Source port: 6646 Destination port: 6646"
"97","190.708141","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"98","190.708438","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.2? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"208","191.414902","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.47? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"209","191.415174","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.48? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"210","191.415486","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.49? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"211","191.415778","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.52? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"212","191.416032","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.51? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"225","191.420126","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.65? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"226","191.420400","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.66? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"227","191.420693","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.67? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"228","192.414873","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.2? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"229","192.415189","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.3? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"285","192.432587","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.62? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"286","192.432914","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.59? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"304","193.945658","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.77? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"305","193.945972","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.78? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"358","194.022111","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.131? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"359","194.784144","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"360","194.910489","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.68? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"423","194.930273","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.131? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"424","195.547118","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"425","195.564098","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<1e>"
"426","195.908116","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.68? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"427","195.908590","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.69? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"486","195.926757","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.128? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"487","195.927038","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.129? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"488","195.927329","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.130? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"489","195.927613","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.131? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"490","196.311469","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<1e>"
"491","196.311912","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB ISATAP<00>"
"492","196.694122","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"493","196.710373","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"494","196.823403","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"495","197.075840","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<1e>"
"496","197.086302","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.1? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"497","197.137744","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.132? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"498","197.139270","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.133? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"559","197.227269","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.194? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"560","197.232486","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.195? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"561","197.675435","192.168.0.5","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Inform - Transaction ID 0xd145e4cd"
"562","197.839987","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<1e>"
"563","197.903592","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.132? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"626","197.927429","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.195? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"627","198.604891","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Request Announcement CMIPC"
"628","198.614414","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Host Announcement CMIPC, Workstation, Server, NT Workstation, Potential Browser"
"629","198.901675","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.132? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"692","198.921632","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.195? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"693","200.117292","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Request Announcement CMIPC"
"694","200.289479","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.196? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"695","200.305439","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.197? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"752","200.409653","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.254? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"753","200.678657","192.168.0.5","255.255.255.255","DHCP","DHCP Inform - Transaction ID 0xd145e4cd"
"754","200.898101","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.196? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"812","200.916091","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.254? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"813","201.630054","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Request Announcement CMIPC"
"814","201.911688","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.196? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"872","201.929785","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.254? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"873","203.143206","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Request Announcement CMIPC"
"874","203.556090","Netgear_08:c3:d9","","ARP","Who has 192.168.0.50? Tell 192.168.0.5"
"875","203.556107","Pegatron_12:e6:bf","","ARP","192.168.0.50 is at e0:69:95:12:e6:bf"
"876","204.656014","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Browser Election Request"
"877","205.670641","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Browser Election Request"
"878","206.683424","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Browser Election Request"
"879","207.697248","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","BROWSER","Browser Election Request"
"880","207.956064","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 34410 [FIN, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=32768 Len=0 TSV=8245332 TSER=8185331"
"881","207.956170","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","34410 > trusted-web [FIN, ACK] Seq=1 Ack=2 Win=32832 Len=0 TSV=8245332 TSER=8245332"
"882","207.956204","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 34410 [ACK] Seq=2 Ack=2 Win=32768 Len=0 TSV=8245332 TSER=8245332"
"883","207.956391","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","34411 > trusted-web [SYN] Seq=0 Win=32792 Len=0 MSS=16396 SACK_PERM=1 TSV=8245332 TSER=0 WS=6"
"884","207.956421","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","trusted-web > 34411 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=32768 Len=0 MSS=16396 SACK_PERM=1 TSV=8245332 TSER=8245332 WS=6"
"885","207.956455","127.0.0.1","127.0.0.1","TCP","34411 > trusted-web [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=32832 Len=0 TSV=8245332 TSER=8245332"
"886","208.711172","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Registration NB WORKGROUP<1d>"
"887","208.992484","192.168.0.5","192.168.0.255","NBNS","Name query NB WPAD<00>"
答案1
根据您的 Wireshark 捕获，客户端通过 DHCP 多次请求地址，但显然没有处理响应。如果您安装并启用了防火墙解决方案，请将其禁用以进行测试 - 很可能它正在干扰 DHCP 地址分配过程。
客户端最终会获得什么地址？如果是 192.168.0.5，则客户端在 DHCP 过程完成之前很久就持有此地址 - 它只是在原始 DHCP 请求超时时保留旧地址。
此外，捕获中缺少 DHCP DISCOVER 数据包 - 在试验 DHCP 租约时，请通过发出
ipconfig /release
其次是
ipconfig /renew