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如何从“https://www.example.com”重定向至“https://example.com”？

tag-icon • tag-icon ssl .htaccess redirect
如何从“https://www.example.com”重定向至“https://example.com”？

我想知道：

如何从 .. 重定向

https://www.example.com

成为

https://example.com

通过 .htaccess 或 CPanel？

由于 SSL 仅安装在没有“www”的服务器上，因此当我访问“www”服务器时，会出现 SSL 错误。

整个.htaccess 文件：

# Use PHP 5.3
AddType application/x-httpd-php53 .php

##
# @package      Joomla
# @copyright    Copyright (C) 2005 - 2012 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
# @license      GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
##

##
# READ THIS COMPLETELY IF YOU CHOOSE TO USE THIS FILE!
#
# The line just below this section: 'Options +FollowSymLinks' may cause problems
# with some server configurations.  It is required for use of mod_rewrite, but may already
# be set by your server administrator in a way that dissallows changing it in
# your .htaccess file.  If using it causes your server to error out, comment it out (add # to
# beginning of line), reload your site in your browser and test your sef url's.  If they work,
# it has been set by your server administrator and you do not need it set here.
##

## Can be commented out if causes errors, see notes above.
Options +FollowSymLinks

## Mod_rewrite in use.

RewriteEngine On

## Begin - Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits.
# If you experience problems on your site block out the operations listed below
# This attempts to block the most common type of exploit `attempts` to Joomla!
#
# Block out any script trying to base64_encode data within the URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} base64_encode[^(]*\([^)]*\) [OR]
# Block out any script that includes a <script> tag in URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|%3C)([^s]*s)+cript.*(>|%3E) [NC,OR]
# Block out any script trying to set a PHP GLOBALS variable via URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
# Block out any script trying to modify a _REQUEST variable via URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} _REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})
# Return 403 Forbidden header and show the content of the root homepage
RewriteRule .* index.php [F]
#
## End - Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits.

## Begin - Custom redirects
#
# If you need to redirect some pages, or set a canonical non-www to
# www redirect (or vice versa), place that code here. Ensure those
# redirects use the correct RewriteRule syntax and the [R=301,L] flags.
#
## End - Custom redirects

##
# Uncomment following line if your webserver's URL
# is not directly related to physical file paths.
# Update Your Joomla! Directory (just / for root).
##

# RewriteBase /

## Begin - Joomla! core SEF Section.
#
RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
#
# If the requested path and file is not /index.php and the request
# has not already been internally rewritten to the index.php script
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/index\.php
# and the request is for something within the component folder,
# or for the site root, or for an extensionless URL, or the
# requested URL ends with one of the listed extensions
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /component/|(/[^.]*|\.(php|html?|feed|pdf|vcf|raw))$ [NC]
# and the requested path and file doesn't directly match a physical file
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
# and the requested path and file doesn't directly match a physical folder
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
# internally rewrite the request to the index.php script
RewriteRule .* index.php [L]
#
## End - Joomla! core SEF Section.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header unset ETag
#Header unset Last-Modified
</IfModule>
FileETag None
#<FilesMatch "\.(ico|gz|JPG|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$">
#Header unset Cache-control
#Header set Expires "access plus 1 month"
#</FilesMatch>

<FilesMatch "\.(?!(ico|gz|JPG|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf))[^.]+$">
  Header unset Last-Modified
  Header unset Cache-control
</FilesMatch>

# Google Analytics Integration - Added by cPanel.
<IfModule mod_substitute.c>
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute "s|(<script src='/google_analytics_auto.js'></script>)?</head>|<script src='/google_analytics_auto.js'></script></head>|i"
</IfModule>
# END Google Analytics Integration

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} OFF
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^shop\.iravin\.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.shop\.iravin\.com$
RewriteRule ^/?$ "https\:\/\/iravin\.com\/index\.php\?option\=com_virtuemart" [R=301,L]

答案1

您的两个域名（example.com和www.example.com）都位于同一个 IP 地址上。然后，您已为 HTTP 打开了端口 80，为 HTTPS 打开了端口 443。正如您所注意到的，该端口已为全部服务器上的域；它不能只对一个域关闭，而对其他域保持开放。

当客户端连接到 时https://www.example.com，它将从 SSL 协商开始，并且用户将收到 SSL 证书不匹配的警告。您创建的任何重定向都只会发生后SSL 协商，因此他们仍然会收到 SSL 证书警告。

您应该获取一个通配符域名证书（即与 匹配的证书*.example.com）或www.example.com仅将 用作主题备用名称的证书domain-name.com。这样 和 都www.example.com可以example.com正常工作而不会发出警告。

这里有更多关于 SSL 证书和网络服务器的信息：问：同一个 IP 地址和同一个端口上有多个 SSL 域吗？

答案2

要使用 301 从 www.example.com 重定向到无 www 的 URL，请使用以下命令：

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTPS}s ^on(s)|
RewriteRule ^ http%2://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

或者这个：

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^[^.]+\.[^.]+$
RewriteCond %{HTTPS}s ^on(s)|
RewriteRule ^ http%1://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

答案3

在您的“它”中添加您的（本地 IP 地址）和 www.example.com，/etc/hosts 对我有用。

198.138.10.106   example.com
198.138.10.106   www.example.com

有这个/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =example.com [OR]
RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =www.example.com
RewriteRule ^ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent]
</VirtualHost>

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