我有一台装有 debian 的 Dell PowerEdge 1950，它无故重启，并且重启后 BIOS 写入“上次关机时出现错误，请按 f1 继续”。
首先，是否可以切换“f1 继续”？这是远程服务器，我讨厌这个。
我无法解释 - 为什么它会重新启动。以下是我的部分日志：
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.472177] virbr0: port 8(vnet7) entered forwarding state
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484451] libvirtd: page allocation failure: order:4, mode:0x2000d0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484456] CPU: 0 PID: 2427 Comm: libvirtd Not tainted 3.10-2-amd64 #1 Debian 3.10.7-1
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484458] Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge 1950/0DT097, BIOS 2.7.0 10/30/2010
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484461] 0000000000000000 ffffffff810c4af9 ffff88012fff9b08 ffff88012fff8d80
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484466] 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff880100000002 ffffffff810d4f89
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484469] 0000000000000010 fffffffffffffff0 000000000000001e 0000000000000000
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484473] Call Trace:
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484482] [<ffffffff810c4af9>] ? warn_alloc_failed+0x118/0x12c
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484487] [<ffffffff810d4f89>] ? next_online_pgdat+0x1c/0x3a
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484491] [<ffffffff810c7469>] ? __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x206/0x78e
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484496] [<ffffffff810f90dc>] ? kmem_getpages+0x53/0x122
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484499] [<ffffffff810f997c>] ? fallback_alloc+0x123/0x1e5
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484502] [<ffffffff810f9efa>] ? kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x7c/0xcc
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484510] [<ffffffffa0543fcc>] ? vhost_net_open+0x1f/0x17d [vhost_net]
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484515] [<ffffffff8126a54e>] ? misc_open+0x117/0x17a
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484519] [<ffffffff8110cd6c>] ? chrdev_open+0x11c/0x140
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484522] [<ffffffff8110cc50>] ? cdev_put+0x19/0x19
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484526] [<ffffffff8110815b>] ? do_dentry_open+0x16d/0x20f
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484529] [<ffffffff81108227>] ? finish_open+0x2a/0x33
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484533] [<ffffffff811146d7>] ? do_last+0x864/0xa0c
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484536] [<ffffffff8111219f>] ? __inode_permission+0x57/0x95
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484539] [<ffffffff81114941>] ? path_openat+0xc2/0x327
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484543] [<ffffffff81114e49>] ? do_filp_open+0x2a/0x6e
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484546] [<ffffffff810fa414>] ? kmem_cache_alloc+0x8c/0xfd
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484550] [<ffffffff8111dcce>] ? __alloc_fd+0xcc/0xdb
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484553] [<ffffffff81108a99>] ? do_sys_open+0x5c/0xe0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484557] [<ffffffff8138ade9>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484559] Mem-Info:
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484561] Node 0 DMA per-cpu:
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484564] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484566] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484568] CPU 2: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484569] CPU 3: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484571] Node 0 DMA32 per-cpu:
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484573] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484575] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484577] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484579] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484581] Node 0 Normal per-cpu:
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484583] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484585] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484587] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 2
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484589] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] active_anon:423230 inactive_anon:137000 isolated_anon:0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] active_file:169377 inactive_file:162749 isolated_file:0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] unevictable:0 dirty:7 writeback:0 unstable:0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] free:57651 slab_reclaimable:16563 slab_unreclaimable:9296
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] mapped:2985 shmem:145 pagetables:3918 bounce:0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484594] free_cma:0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484599] Node 0 DMA free:15908kB min:264kB low:328kB high:396kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15996kB managed:15908kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484607] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 3231 3940 3940
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484610] Node 0 DMA32 free:188268kB min:55212kB low:69012kB high:82816kB active_anon:1429476kB inactive_anon:284516kB active_file:658168kB inactive_file:631332kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:3386688kB managed:3309356kB mlocked:0kB dirty:16kB writeback:0kB mapped:6836kB shmem:220kB slab_reclaimable:53080kB slab_unreclaimable:12744kB kernel_stack:1024kB pagetables:7692kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484618] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 708 708
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484621] Node 0 Normal free:26428kB min:12100kB low:15124kB high:18148kB active_anon:263444kB inactive_anon:263484kB active_file:19340kB inactive_file:19664kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:786432kB managed:725380kB mlocked:0kB dirty:12kB writeback:0kB mapped:5104kB shmem:360kB slab_reclaimable:13172kB slab_unreclaimable:24440kB kernel_stack:1400kB pagetables:7980kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484629] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484632] Node 0 DMA: 1*4kB (U) 0*8kB 0*16kB 1*32kB (U) 2*64kB (U) 1*128kB (U) 1*256kB (U) 0*512kB 1*1024kB (U) 1*2048kB (R) 3*4096kB (M) = 15908kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484645] Node 0 DMA32: 12519*4kB (UEM) 12482*8kB (UEM) 2152*16kB (UM) 3*32kB (U) 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 1*4096kB (R) = 188556kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484659] Node 0 Normal: 5894*4kB (UM) 108*8kB (UM) 1*16kB (R) 2*32kB (R) 0*64kB 0*128kB 1*256kB (R) 1*512kB (R) 0*1024kB 1*2048kB (R) 0*4096kB = 27336kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484684] Node 0 hugepages_total=0 hugepages_free=0 hugepages_surp=0 hugepages_size=2048kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484685] 345767 total pagecache pages
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484688] 13606 pages in swap cache
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484690] Swap cache stats: add 110606, delete 97000, find 86650/91247
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484692] Free swap = 2779960kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.484693] Total swap = 2928636kB
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504936] 1048575 pages RAM
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504939] 34669 pages reserved
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504940] 1385978 pages shared
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504941] 629752 pages non-shared
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504944] kmem_getpages: 150006 callbacks suppressed
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504946] SLAB: Unable to allocate memory on node 0 (gfp=0xd0)
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504949] cache: kmalloc-65536, object size: 65536, order: 4
Sep 7 11:48:11 kernel: [182893.504953] node 0: slabs: 13/13, objs: 13/13, free: 0
Sep 7 11:52:49 kernel: [183171.325360] kvm: sending ioctl 5326 to a partition!
Sep 7 11:52:49 kernel: [183171.325374] kvm: sending ioctl 80200204 to a partition!
哪里出了问题？内存分配？我在这个主机上有一些 kvm 虚拟机，但它的内存总量比主机上的少，而且我有很多可用的交换空间。
UPD：新日志，现在包含 SMP 字符串：
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369641] 硬件名称：Dell Inc. PowerEdge 1950/0DT097，BIOS 2.7.0 10/30/2010
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369644] 0000000000000000 ffffffffa0352060 0000000000000000 00000001087ef000 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369649] ffff8800c6440080 0000000000000000 000000000000000 ffff8800c6440080 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369652] 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 ffffffffa034b051 0000000100000008 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369656] 调用跟踪：
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369703] [] ? kvm_mmu_load+0x315/0x33b [kvm] 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369716] [] ? kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x8b4/0xe9f [kvm] 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369723] [] ? vmx_vcpu_load+0x28/0x14e [kvm_intel] 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369728] [] ? paravirt_write_msr+0xb/0xe [kvm_intel]
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369736] [] ? kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x116/0x48b [kvm] 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369743] [] ? do_futex+0xd1/0x7b5
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369748] [] ? do_sync_readv_writev+0x76/0x76 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369752] [] ? vfs_ioctl+0x1b/0x25
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369755] [] ? do_vfs_ioctl+0x3e8/0x42a 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369759] [] ? finish_task_switch+0x48/0xaa
9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369764] [] ? __schedule+0x4dc/0x532 9 月 10 日 17:03:54 内核：[83522.369767] [] ? SyS_ioctl+0x4e/0x79 9 月 10 日
17:03:54 内核：[83522.369771] [] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b 9 月 11 日 12:10:19 内核：[152307.503781] BUG：无法处理内核 NULL 指针取消引用，位置为 000000000000021c
9 月 11 日 12:10:19 内核：[152307.503946] IP：[] tag_get+0x2/0xd 9 月 11 日 12:10:19 内核：[152307.504038] PGD 0- 9
月 11 日 12:10:19 内核：[152307.504081] 糟糕：0000 [#1] SMP-
UPD：kvm 中的一个 debian 虚拟机的屏幕截图：
之后，真实服务器被冻结，并重新启动电源
答案1
是的，您可以在 BIOS 安全设置中关闭 F1。
但你只有清楚自己为什么要做以及在做什么时才可以这样做。
这表明存在硬件问题，需要修复。
尝试下载当前戴尔的 OMSA-live-CD并查看 omsa 来找出您的机器到底出了什么问题。
答案2
您是否有 DRAC 卡或 mini-BMC？
如果您可以通过 IPMI 工具检查 SEL 日志，您可能会得到重启原因的提示（如果它不仅仅是分配错误）。
多次重启后是否出现相同的页面分配失败，或者每次重启后的失败情况是否不同？
在发生故障之前，是否有任何 EDAC 或 mcelog 错误报告任何其他问题或任何其他 dmesg 错误消息？