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在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 ethereumjs 时出现“ImportError: 没有名为 pkg_resources 的模块”。我该如何修复这个问题？

tag-icon • tag-icon 16.04 nodejs npm ethereum
在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 ethereumjs 时出现“ImportError: 没有名为 pkg_resources 的模块”。我该如何修复这个问题？

我正在跟进这教程：为众筹创建以太坊智能合约。我使用的是 Ubuntu 16.04，这个问题困扰了我好几个小时，却一直没能解决。我查了一下“无法获取错误”，有些错误很类似，但提出的解决方案都不起作用。

当我输入：

npm install -g ethereumjs-testrpc

进入终端，我收到以下错误：

ImportError: No module named pkg_resources
gyp ERR! configure error 
gyp ERR! stack Error: `gyp` failed with exit code: 1
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onCpExit (/usr/share/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:354:16)
gyp ERR! stack     at emitTwo (events.js:87:13)
gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:172:7)
gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:200:12)
gyp ERR! System Linux 3.16.0-77-generic
gyp ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/node-gyp" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd /usr/local/lib/node_modules/ethereumjs-testrpc/node_modules/scrypt
gyp ERR! node -v v4.2.6
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.0.3
gyp ERR! not ok 
/usr/local/lib
└── (empty)

npm ERR! Linux 3.16.0-77-generic
npm ERR! argv "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install" "-g" "ethereumjs-testrpc"
npm ERR! node v4.2.6
npm ERR! npm  v3.5.2
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE

npm ERR! [email protected] install: `node-gyp rebuild`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the [email protected] install script 'node-gyp rebuild'.
npm ERR! Make sure you have the latest version of node.js and npm installed.
npm ERR! If you do, this is most likely a problem with the scrypt package,
npm ERR! not with npm itself.
npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system:
npm ERR!     node-gyp rebuild
npm ERR! You can get information on how to open an issue for this project with:
npm ERR!     npm bugs scrypt
npm ERR! Or if that isn't available, you can get their info via:
npm ERR!     npm owner ls scrypt
npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request:
npm ERR!     /home/fappycow/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! code 1

我知道如何修复这些问题吗？

答案1

您的 Node.js 版本太旧。从错误日志中可以看出，您的 Node.js 版本是 4.2.6，但ethereum-testrpc“至少需要 Node 6.9.1 才能运行”，如https://github.com/ethereumjs/testrpc。要安装 Node.js >= 6.x，请参阅 Ubuntu 的说明https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/#debian-and-ubuntu-based-linux-distributions，我将其逐字复制如下：

  • Node.js 6.x

    curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

  • Node.js 8.x

    curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

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