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为什么 Linux 发行版之间的许可证存在显着差异

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为什么 Linux 发行版之间的许可证存在显着差异

我刚刚从 CentOS 8.3 安装切换到 Debian 10。当我再次设置好代码开发设置后，我收集了许可证详细信息，并注意到无缝通用软件包的许可证存在显着差异。

用于提取这些许可证的命令：

CentOS 8.3: rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}: %{license}\n"
Debian 10: dpkg-licenses  (https://github.com/daald/dpkg-licenses)

差异示例：

CentOS 8.3: accountsservice-0.6.50: GPLv3+
Debian 10: accountsservice-0.6.45-2: GPL-2+ GPL-3+
   
CentOS 8.3: binutils-2.30: GPLv3+
Debian 10: binutils-2.31.1-16: GFDL GPL LGPL
 
CentOS 8.3: bluez-5.52: GPLv2+
Debian 10: bluez-5.50-1.2~deb10u1: Apache-2.0 BSD-2-clause Expat GPL-2 GPL-2+ LGPL-2.1+

CentOS 8.3: bzip2-1.0.6: BSD
Debian 10: bzip2-1.0.6-9.2~deb10u1: BSD-variant GPL-2

CentOS 8.3: gnupg2-2.2.20: GPLv3+
Debian 10: gnupg2-2.2.12-1+deb10u1: BSD-3-clause CC0-1.0 Expat GPL-3+ GPL-3+ or BSD-3-clause LGPL-2.1+ LGPL-3+ permissive RFC-Reference TinySCHEME

CentOS 8.3: gzip-1.9: GPLv3+ and GFDL
Debian 10: gzip-1.9-3: GPL

CentOS 8.3: iptables-1.8.4: GPLv2 and Artistic 2.0 and ISC
Debian 10: iptables-1.8.2-4: Artistic-2 custom GPL-2 GPL-2+

CentOS 8.3: lsof-4.93.2: zlib and Sendmail and LGPLv2+
Debian 10: lsof-4.91+dfsg-1: BSD-4-clause GPL-2+ LGPL-2+ Purdue sendmail

CentOS 8.3: openssh-server-8.0p1: BSD
Debian 10: openssh-server-1:7.9p1-10+deb10u2: Beer-ware BSD-2-clause BSD-3-clause Expat-with-advertising-restriction Mazieres-BSD-style OpenSSH Powell-BSD-style public-domain

CentOS 8.3: python3-idna-2.5: BSD and Python and Unicode
Debian 10: python3-idna-2.6-1: BSD-3-clause PSF-2 Unicode

有人可以解释为什么看似相同的软件包的许可证存在很大差异，而您希望这些软件包源自共同的来源吗？

我只是举了一些例子。还有具有相同许可证的软件包。我的期望是这些许可证随着时间的推移相当稳定。

答案1

看来 RPM 只包含部分许可证列表。根据Fedora 文档它仅包含二进制部分的许可证。 Debian 似乎更彻底，并提及每个文件的内容（如果需要）。这是摘录/usr/share/doc/gnupg/copyright（由 dpkg-licenses 读取）

Files: *
Copyright: 1992, 1995-2020, Free Software Foundation, Inc
License: GPL-3+

Files: agent/command.c
 agent/command-ssh.c
 agent/gpg-agent.c
 common/homedir.c
 common/sysutils.c
 g10/mainproc.c
Copyright: 1998-2007, 2009, 2012, Free Software Foundation, Inc
  2013, Werner Koch
License: GPL-3+

Files: autogen.sh
Copyright: 2003, g10 Code GmbH
License: permissive

Files: common/gc-opt-flags.h
 common/i18n.h
 tools/clean-sat.c
 tools/no-libgcrypt.c
Copyright: 1998-2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc
License: permissive

Files: common/localename.c
Copyright: 1985, 1989-1993, 1995-2003, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License: LGPL-2.1+

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